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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1998 COCA: 2298

shock

Word family
shock1 /ʃɒk $ ʃɑːk/ ●●● S2 W2 noun  
1 unexpected event/situation 意外的事件/情况 [countableC usually singular]SHOCK if something that happens is a shock, you did not expect it, and it makes you feel very surprised, and usually upset 令人震惊的事
shock to
 The news of his death came as a great shock to everyone.
他去世的消息让所有人都非常震惊。
it was a shock to find/discover etc that
 It was a real shock to hear that the factory would have to close.
听说工厂将被迫关闭,真是很震惊。
2 unexpected unpleasant feeling 意外的不愉快感觉 [singular, uncountableU]SHOCK the feeling of surprise and disbelief you have when something very unexpected happens, especially something bad or frightening 吃惊,震惊,惊愕
 She was shaking with shock and humiliation.
她又是震惊,又是羞辱,身体直发抖。
the shock of (doing) something
 Mom’s never really gotten over the shock of Dad’s death.
妈妈一直没有从爸爸去世的打击中完全恢复过来。
3 medical 医学的 [uncountableU]MI a medical condition in which someone looks pale and their heart and lungs are not working correctly, usually after a sudden very unpleasant experience 休克
 He was bleeding from the head and suffering from shock.
他头部流血,陷入休克状态。
 He is clearly in a state of shock.
他显然处于休克状态。
 The tanker driver was treated for shock and released.
油罐车司机因休克接受治疗后已经出院。
4. electricity [countableC]HPE an electric shock 电击;触电
5. vehicle 车辆 [countableC usually plural] a shock absorber 减震器
6 shock of hair HBHa very thick mass of hair 浓密的头发
 an energetic young man with a shock of red hair
有一头浓密红发、充满活力的年轻人
Examples from the Corpus
7 sudden change 突然的变化 [countableC] a sudden unexpected change which threatens the economic situation, way of life, or traditions of a group of people – used especially in news reports 〔突如其来的威胁经济形势、生活方式或传统的〕冲击,震荡〔尤用于新闻报道〕
 the oil shocks of the 1970s
20世纪70 年代的石油冲击
8 shaking 震动 [countableC, uncountableU]SHAKE violent shaking caused for example by an explosion or earthquake 〔爆炸、地震等引起的〕剧烈震动
 The shock was felt miles away.
数英里之外都感觉到震动。
shock wave, culture shock, shocked, shell shock, toxic shock syndrome
COLLOCATIONSMeanings 1 & 2
adjectives
a big/great shock 极大的震惊
It was a great shock to find out he had been lying.
知道他一直在撒谎真让人震惊不已。
a terrible/awful shock 极大的震惊
Her death was a terrible shock to everyone.
她的死让所有人都非常震惊。
a complete/total shock 深感震惊
No one expected the factory to close – it was a complete shock.
没人料到工厂会关闭——这让人非常震惊。
a nasty shock especially British EnglishBrE (=one that is very unpleasant and upsetting) 令人极度震惊
nCome and sit down. You’ve had a nasty shock.
na rude shock formal (=one that is unexpected and unpleasant but not serious)
Shopping for food in Miyako brought a rude shock. The prices were breathtaking.
verbs
get/have a shock 感到震惊
I got a shock when I saw how thin he had become.
看到他变得这么消瘦,我很震惊。
give somebody a shock 使某人震惊
Oh, you gave me quite a shock.
,你让我吃惊不小。
get over/recover from a shock 从打击中恢复过来
He hasn’t got over the shock of losing his job yet.
他还没有从失业的打击中恢复过来。
ndie of shock informal (=be very surprised)
I nearly died of shock when I saw Helen at the door.
phrases
come as a shock (=be very unexpected) 非常震惊
The collapse of the company came as a shock to us all.
公司的倒闭让我们所有人都感到震惊。
be a bit of a shock British EnglishBrE especially spoken (=be a shock, but not very serious or unpleasant) 有点意外
I wasn’t expecting to win, so it was a bit of a shock.
我没想到会赢,所以有点意外。
be a shock to the system (=be strange because you are not used to something) 不习惯,不适应
Having to work full-time again was quite a shock to the system.
又得全天上班身体很不习惯。
be in for a shock (=be likely to have a shock) 可能会吃惊
Anyone who thinks that bringing up children is easy is in for a shock.
谁认为抚养孩子容易,谁就会吃惊的。
be in a state of shock (also be in deep shock) (=be very shocked and upset) 大为震惊
nEva left the room in a state of shock.
get the shock of your life (=get a very big shock) 深感震惊
nHe got the shock of his life when he found out who I was.
Examples from the Corpus
shock2 ●●● S2 verb  
1 [transitiveT]SURPRISED to make someone feel very surprised and upset, and unable to believe what has happened 使震惊,使惊愕,使难以置信
 The hatred in her voice shocked him.
她语气中的仇恨让他震惊。
shock somebody to hear/learn/discover etc that
 They had been shocked to hear that the hospital was closing down.
听说这家医院就要关闭,他们惊讶不已。
it shocks somebody that/how/to do
 It shocked me to think how close we had come to being killed.
想到我们差点就没命,我心惊肉跳。
shock somebody into (doing) something
 She was shocked into action by the desperate situation in the orphanages.
她被孤儿院里的惨境所震撼,行动了起来。
2 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]OFFEND to make someone feel very offended, by talking or behaving in an immoral or socially unacceptable way 言语或行为〕惹人生气,使愤慨,使人不快
 He seems to enjoy shocking people.
他好像就喜欢惹人不快。
 Just ignore the bad language – they only do it to shock.
不要理会那些脏话——他们这样做只是想气你。
shocked, shocking
Examples from the Corpus
shock3 adjectiveadj [only before noun]  
1 SURPRISEDvery surprising – used especially in news reports 令人震惊的,令人大感意外的〔尤用于新闻报道〕
 England’s shock defeat by Luxembourg
英格兰队对卢森堡队的意外败北
2 shock tactics methods of achieving what you want by deliberately shocking people 震惊战术,突击手段〔故意使人吃惊以达到某目的〕
Examples from the Corpus
Examples from the Corpus
Origin shock1
1. French choc, from choquer to strike against
2. (1800-1900) Perhaps from shock bunch of cut wheat, corn, etc. ((14-20 centuries)), or from shock dog with long rough hair ((17-19 centuries))
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1998 COCA: 2298
shock

noun¹

1extreme surprise震驚ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHOCK | SHOCK + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEawful, big, considerable, dreadful, great, huge, major, massive, nasty, real, rude, terrible, tremendous極度的震驚;可怕的衝擊;極大的震撼;巨大的打擊Drivers could be in for a nasty shock when they see the cost of renewing their insurance policies.看到續簽保險單的大筆費用,司機們都會嚇一大跳。absolute, complete, pure, total, utter (especially NAmE) 絕對的震驚;純粹的打擊;十足的震撼mild, slight輕微的驚愕first, initial最初的震驚Once the initial shock had worn off, I got to like my new hairstyle.我剛看到自己的新發型時有些震驚,後來就漸漸喜歡上了。sudden突如其來的震驚economic, emotional經濟上的/情感上的打擊culture文化衝擊It was a bit of a culture shock when I first came to this country.剛到這個國家時,我感受到了一些文化衝擊。sticker (NAmE) 標籤衝擊Customers may experience sticker shock when they see the prices of the new SUVs (= they may be shocked by the prices).顧客看到這部新型的運動型多功能車的定價時可能會大吃一驚。VERB + SHOCKcome as令人震駭feel, get, have, receive感到震驚;受到震驚She felt shock that he would be capable of such an act.他竟然做出這樣的事情,這令她感到非常震驚。I got a terrible shock when I saw him.看到他我嚇了一大跳。give sb令某人大吃一驚be in for定會大吃一驚If you think it's going to be easy, you're in for a shock!如果你覺得這會很容易,你就等着大吃一驚吧!die of (informal) 嚇死I nearly died of shock when your mother appeared.你母親出現時差點兒沒把我嚇死。get over, recover from回過神來;震驚後恢復常態express表示震驚feign佯裝震驚imagine想像震驚Imagine my shock when I saw them kissing!你能想像看到他們接吻我有多麼吃驚!SHOCK + NOUNtactics突擊戰術value衝擊值;震驚作用The scene was clearly added for shock value.很明顯該鏡頭是為了增添震撼力。jock (informal, especially NAmE) 驚世駭俗的唱片節目主持人radio shock jock Howard Stern驚世駭俗的電台唱片節目主持人霍華德・斯特恩troops突擊部隊wave衝擊波;震盪The news sent shock waves through the financial markets. (figurative) 這條新聞對整個金融市場造成強烈衝擊。defeat, departure, exit (all BrE, sport體育) 突如其來的失敗/離開/退出United suffered a shock defeat to Norwich.曼聯隊意外輸給了諾維奇隊。result, victory, win (all BrE, sport體育) 突如其來的結果;突如其來的勝利announcement, decision, resignation (all BrE) 令人震驚的通知/決定/辭職PREPOSITIONin shock驚愕地She looked around in shock.她驚愕地環顧四周。with a shock震驚地She realized with a sudden shock that she was being followed.她突然驚恐萬分地意識到自己被跟踪了。shock at, shock on⋯引起的震驚her shock on seeing him with another woman看到他和另一個女人在一起時她的震驚shock to令⋯震驚This news came as a great shock to me.這個消息令我感到非常震驚。PHRASESa bit of a shock, quite a shock, something of a shock有點兒令人震驚;頗讓人吃驚;有些令人震驚in a state of shock驚魂未定I think I'm still in a state of shock.我覺得我仍然未從震驚狀態中緩過神來。a feeling of shock, a sense of shock震驚感shock horror (BrE, humorous) 恐怖至極The article reports on a celebrity who-shock horror-has gained weight!這篇文章報道說一位名人發胖了 - 真是太恐怖了!the shock of your life (informal) 震驚至極I got the shock of my life when she told me she was pregnant.她告訴我說她懷孕了,我簡直驚呆了。a shock to the system (informal) 驚愕不已The low salaries came as something of a shock to her system.工資之低令她有些驚愕。
shock

noun²

2electric shock電擊ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHOCK | SHOCK + NOUN ADJECTIVEmassive, severe強烈的電擊mild輕微的電擊He gave himself a mild electric shock while changing a light bulb.換燈泡時他被稍稍電了一下。painful令人痛苦的電擊electric (less often electrical) 電擊VERB + SHOCKget, receive觸電give sb電擊某人administer實施電擊The guards would administer electric shocks to the inmates.看守經常會電擊囚犯。SHOCK + NOUNtherapy電擊療法
shock

noun³

3extreme weakness caused by injury or shock休克ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHOCK ADJECTIVEdeep, severe深度/嚴重休克mild輕度休克delayed (especially BrE) 延遲性休克anaphylactic過敏性休克shell彈震症soldiers suffering from shell shock患彈震症的士兵VERB + SHOCKbe in, be suffering from, suffer處於休克中He was in deep shock after the accident.事故造成他深度休克。go into陷入休克He had gone into shock and was shaking violently.他陷入休克狀態,全身劇烈顫抖。be treated for因休克接受治療
shock

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERBdeeply, really使深為/使着實震驚The news had shocked her deeply.這消息令她深為震驚。easily輕易使⋯受震動He had old-fashioned ideas and was easily shocked.他思想保守,動不動就大驚小怪。PREPOSITIONinto使震驚至⋯The news shocked her into action.這則消息驚得她立即行動起來。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1998 COCA: 2298
shock verb
shock (shocked at the news) offend (set out to shock)
shock noun
shock1 (a feeling of shock) shock2 (It was rather a shock.) impact (the shock of the earthquake)
shock1

noun

a feeling of shock 震惊的感觉It came as a shock. 这是件让人吃惊的事。shock ♦︎ horror ♦︎ dismayThese are all words for the feeling you have when you receive an unpleasant surprise. 这些词均表示震惊、惊愕。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达惊愕的程度
shockdisgustappal
rockhorrify
scandalizesicken
repel
dismay
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配shock / horror / dismay at sthin / with shock / horror / dismayto sb's horror / dismayto fill sb with horror / dismay shock [uncountable] a sudden feeling that you have as a result of sth unexpected happening 震惊;惊愕He's still in shock.他至今还惊魂未定。The team suffered a shock defeat in the first round.该队首轮失利,叫人意外。 Shock is usually unpleasant, but it does not have to be. * shock通常是种不愉快的感觉,但并非总是如此Since winning the competition, we've all been in a state of shock.自从赢得了比赛,我们一直都不敢置信。 horror [uncountable] a feeling of great shock, fear or disgust 震惊;恐惧;厌恶She recoiled in horror at the sight.看到那情景,她吓得往后缩了。His eyes were wide with horror.他吓得目瞪口呆。There was a terrible look of horror on his face.他脸上露出一副极度恐慌的神情。 dismay dɪsˈmeɪ [uncountable] a worried, disappointed feeling you get when you receive an unpleasant surprise 诧异;惊愕;灰心丧气She could not hide her dismay at the result.她无法掩饰自己对这一结果的诧异。I felt a jolt of dismay.我感到一阵灰心丧气。 see also dismayed upset
shock

verb

shock ♦︎ appal ♦︎ horrify ♦︎ disgust ♦︎ rock ♦︎ scandalize ♦︎ sicken ♦︎ repel ♦︎ dismayThese words all mean to surprise and upset sb very much. 这些词均表示使人震惊且不快。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达使人震惊不快的程度
dismayshockhorror
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配shocked / appalled / horrified / disgusted / scandalized / dismayed at sb / sthto shock / appal / horrify / disgust / scandalize sb that...to shock / appal / horrify / disgust / scandalize / sicken / dismay sb to think / see / hear / find / learn...It shocks / appals / horrifies / disgusts / sickens me that...a thought shocks / appals / horrifies / sickens sban idea shocks / appals / horrifies / disgusts sbsb's behaviour shocks / appals / scandalizes sbviolence shocks / appals / horrifies / disgusts sbdeeply shocked / disgusted / dismayed shock [transitive, often passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to surprise sb, usually in a way that upsets them 使震惊;使惊愕It shocks you when something like that happens.发生这样的事情,让人感到惊愕。We were all shocked at the news of his death.听到他的死讯,我们都感到震惊。I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息,我深感意外。 see also shock offend shocked

adjective

I was deeply shocked when she told me what had happened.她把发生的事情告诉了我,我感到非常震惊。
appal (BrE) (NAmE appall) əˈpɔːl (-ll-) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to shock and upset sb very much 使大为震惊;使惊骇The brutality of the crime has appalled the public.罪行之残暴使公众大为震惊。It appalled me that they could simply ignore the problem.他们对这个问题竟然置之不理,令我感到震惊。 appalled

adjective

We watched appalled as the child ran in front of the car.那小孩在汽车前面跑,我们看得心惊胆战。
horrify ˈhɒrɪfaɪ; NAmE ˈhɔːrɪfaɪ, ˈhɑːrɪfaɪ [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to make sb feel extremely shocked, upset or frightened 惊吓;使厌恶;使恐惧The whole country was horrified by the killings.全国都对这些凶杀案感到震惊。 horrified

adjective

She stared at him in horrified disbelief.她既惊愕又难以置信地注视着他。
disgust [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to make sb feel shocked and almost ill because sth is so unpleasant 使作呕;使厌恶;使反感The level of violence in the film really disgusted me.影片中的暴力程度实在让我反感。The feel of it, all cold and slimy, disgusted him.那东西摸着冰凉凉、黏糊糊的,让他觉得恶心。 see also disgusting disgusting 1 , disgusting disgusting 2 rock [transitive, often passive] (rather informal) to shock sb, especially a country or community, especially in a way that makes sb/sth's position in the country or community less strong or certain 震惊(全国或全社区,尤指动摇了某人或某事物的地位)The country was rocked by a series of political scandals.一连串的政治丑闻震惊全国。The news rocked the world.这则消息震惊了全世界。 scandalize (BrE also scandalise) ˈskændəlaɪz [transitive] to do sth that people find very shocking (以出格行为)使震惊,使愤慨She scandalized her family with her extravagant lifestyle.她奢侈的生活方式令家人侧目。 sicken [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (BrE) to disgust sb very much 使极为反感;使非常厌恶The public is becoming sickened by these continual images of violence and death.这些接连不断的暴力和死亡画面开始让公众感到非常厌恶。 repel rɪˈpel (-ll-) [transitive, often passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather formal) to make sb feel rather disgusted 使反感;使厌恶I was repelled by the smell of drink on his breath.他满口酒气,让我恶心。Her heartlessness repelled him.她的铁石心肠令他反感。OPP attract interest verb see also repulsive disgusting 1 dismay dɪsˈmeɪ [transitive, often passive] to make sb feel shocked and disappointed 使惊诧;使惊愕;使失望Their reaction dismayed him.他们的反应使他感到惊愕。He was dismayed at the change in his old friend.他对老朋友的变化之大感到震惊。They were dismayed to find that the ferry had already left.他们发现渡船已经离开,感到很失望。 Dismay is used to talk about a reaction to a situation or to sb's behaviour or actions. * dismay指某种情况或某人的行为举止令人惊异I was dismayed to find that he was still there when I arrived home.让我惊诧的是,我都到家了,可他还在那里。He dismayed me. see also dismayed upset
shock2

noun

a feeling of shock 震惊的感觉It came as a shock. 这是件让人吃惊的事。shock ♦︎ scare ♦︎ frightThese are all words for a thing or event that causes a sudden feeling of fear. 这些词均表示让人震惊或恐慌的事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配to get / have a shock / scare / frightto give sb a shock / scare / fright shock [countable] an unexpected event that causes a sudden feeling, especially an unpleasant one 令人震惊的事The news of his death came as a shock to us all.他的死讯传来,我们大家都感到震惊。 (informal) If you think it'll be easy, you're in for a shock!如果你以为这很容易,那你会大吃一惊的! scare [countable] a situation in which a lot of people are anxious or frightened about sth; something that causes you to be suddenly worried or frightened about sth 恐慌;恐惧;令人恐慌的事There was a bomb scare at the airport.机场发生了炸弹恐慌。recent scares about pesticides in food近来人们对含杀虫剂食物的恐慌Les had a health scare two years ago and was ordered to cut down on drinking.两年前莱斯的健康亮了红灯,医生要求他少喝酒。 fright [usually singular, countable] an experience that makes you feel afraid 让人害怕的经历;恐怖的经历Did I give you a fright? Sorry.我吓着你了吗?对不起啦。In this meaning fright is usually used in the patterns to give sb a fright and to have a fright. * fright表达此义时通常用在to give sb a fright和to have a fright结构中。 see also fright fear noun
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1998 COCA: 2298

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