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BNC: 722 COCA: 1341

principle

Word family 
prin·ci·ple /ˈprɪnsəpəl/ ●●● S2 W1 AWL noun   → principal
1  moral rule 道德准则 [countableC, uncountableU]GOOD/MORAL a moral rule or belief about what is right and wrong, that influences how you behave 道德原则，行为准则
 Schools try to teach children a set of principles.
学校设法教给孩子们一套道德准则。
 He’s got no principles at all!
他毫无道德准则！
 It’s against my principles to accept gifts from clients.
收受客户礼物违背我的原则。
2  idea behind STH 某事物所依据的思想 [countableC]BELIEVE the basic idea that a plan or system is based on 原则，原理，基本的观念
 The general principle is that education should be available to all children up to the age of 16.
总的原则是，16 岁以下儿童都应该能接受教育。
basic/fundamental/guiding principle
 the basic principles of business management
商务管理的基本原则
principle of
 the principles of French law
法国法律的指导原则
principle that
 Reflexology is based on the principle that specific areas on the feet correspond to different parts of the body.
反射疗法所依据的原理是，足部特定区域对应着身体的不同部位。
on a principle
 The project worked on the principle that each person’s experience was equally valuable.
这个项目的基本原则是，每一个人的经验都同样宝贵。
principle behind
 the principles behind government policies
政府政策背后的原则
 He called for a return to first principles (=the most important ideas) of road safety for children.
他呼吁回归儿童道路安全的根本原则。
 Similar principles apply in the case of older children (=the principles are the same as others that have been mentioned).
类似的原则也适用于年纪大些的儿童。
3  in principle 
a) POSSIBLEif something is possible in principle, there is no good reason why it should not happen, but it has not actually happened yet 按道理，在理论上 SYN theoretically
 In principle, the new software should make the accounting system a lot simpler.
从理论上说，这个新的软件应该能使财务系统简单许多。
b) AGREEif you agree to something in principle, you agree about a general plan or idea but have not yet considered the details 原则上，基本上，大体上
 They have accepted the idea in principle.
他们基本上已接受了这种观点。
 The government has agreed in principle to a referendum.
政府已基本同意进行全民公决。
Examples from the Corpus
agreed in principle• General Mladic had also agreed in principle to open a corridor to Cerska.• It was announced on Feb. 25 that a ceasefire had been agreed in principle as a prelude to full peace negotiations.• The Committee agreed in principle to your initial proposals.• Yesterday councillors agreed in principle to the options but gave a preference for the church activities because of traffic problems from the nursery.• Saur has agreed in principle to buy out its partner to produce closer ties with its other operation, Cambrian Environmental Services.• Stevens International Inc. said it agreed in principle to settle a class-action shareholder lawsuit against it.• The cessation of hostilities was agreed in principle.
4  rules of a process 某个过程的规律 [countableC]EXPLAIN a rule which explains the way something such as a machine works, or which explains a natural force in the universe 〔机器等或自然界的〕原理；定律
 Archimedes’ principle
阿基米德定律
principle of
 the basic principles of physics
物理学的基本定律
Do not confuse the noun principle with the noun and adjective principal: a former principal of the college | her principal tasks
不要混淆名词 principle 和既是名词又是形容词的 principal: a former principal of the college 大学前任校长 | her principal tasks 她的主要任务
 COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: a moral rule or belief about what is right and wrong, that influences how you behave 道德原则，行为准则
adjectives
strict principles 严格的原则
Rosa is a woman of strict moral principles.
罗莎是一个恪守道德准则的女人。
strong principles (=that someone believes in very strongly) 坚强的信念
a man of strong principles
有着坚强信念的男子
high principles (=strong beliefs about right and wrong) 很高的道德原则
Dunn's high principles and pleasant manner won him the real affection of his colleagues.
邓恩高度的道德原则和亲切的举止使他赢得了同事们的真心喜爱。
moral principles 道德准则
Criminal law should be used to protect and reinforce moral principles.
刑法应用来维护和加强道德准则。
religious/political principles 宗教的/政治的原则
Doesn’t working on Sunday conflict with your religious principles?
难道在星期日工作没有违反你的宗教原则？
nsocialist principles
Would he stick to his socialist principles after being elected prime minister?
verbs
have principles 有原则
I may have no money and no power but I have principles.
我也许没钱也没权,但我有原则。
stick to your principles (=act according to them, even when this is difficult) 坚持原则
Throughout this time, he stuck to his principles and spoke out against injustice.
这段时间里他自始至终坚持原则,公开抨击不公正现象。
betray/compromise your principles (=do something that is against your principles) 违背原则
I knew I could lie to help him, but it would be betraying my principles.
我知道我可以撒个谎来帮他忙,可那样做违背了我的原则。
abandon your principles (=stop believing in them or trying to act by them) 放弃原则
It has been said that he abandoned his basic political principles while he was in power.
据说他掌权时放弃了自己基本的政治原则。
phrases
be against somebody’s principles 违背某人的原则
It’s against my principles to eat meat.
吃肉有违我的原则。
as a matter of principle (=because of moral beliefs about right and wrong) 作为原则问题
As a matter of principle one should never yield to terrorism.
永远不要向恐怖主义妥协,这是个原则问题。
a man/woman of principle (=someone with strong moral ideas) 有道德准则的人
He is the only candidate who has demonstrated that he is a man of principle.
他是唯一一个显示出自己有道德准则的候选人。
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: the basic idea that a plan or system is based on 原则，原理，基本的观念
adjectives
a general/broad principle
He explained the general principles of the constitution.
an important principle
One important principle is that you should give yourself plenty of reward for your success.
a basic/fundamental principle (=a very important principle to which other ideas are added)
Applicants should show that they understand the basic principles of marketing.
a guiding principle (=a principle that helps you decide what to do)
Fairness is the guiding principle.
first principles (=the most basic ideas that something is based on)
The researchers went back to first principles.
verbs
be based on a principle
A good education ought to be based on multicultural principles.
a principle applies
The same principle applies to all kinds of selling.
the principle underlying something
What are the principles underlying this form of treatment?
establish a principle (=make it accepted)
Establish the principle that when your office door is shut you must not be disturbed.
lay down a principle (=describe a principle and make it accepted)
The report lays down general principles for the teaching of English.
Examples from the Corpus
principle• That episcopal ordination made one a member of the episcopal college was accepted in principle by the second session.• Might it then be that the preserving of two viable copies is what is impossible in principle?• In principle, a planning authority can only grant what is actually applied for or a part of it.• I have structured the book to give you a similar experience, particularly with respect to the ten new management principles.• He'll do anything to make money. The man has no principles.• The latter are intended to offer a set of principles providing the best solutions to typical problems in contract law.• The general rule, as above stated, seems on principle just.• However that may be, let us look at Moore's principle at work in one of his examples.• In this way, the principle of induction is justified.• The principles governing the world of physics are unchanging.
principles apply• Do constitutional principles apply to damage awards?• These awards are not alternative; different principles apply to their calculation.• All of the foregoing principles apply to any relationship, but we are not talking about just any relationship.• Still, some general principles apply.• But the same marketing principles apply to launching a major restaurant in any big city in the world.• Although both Gillespie and Smith concerned indemnities the same principles apply to exclusion clauses.• The same principles apply: accuracy, detail.• Similar principles apply in the case of bonuses, which often involve an element of profit sharing.
From Longman Business Dictionary
principleprin·ci·ple /ˈprɪnsəpəl/ noun
1[countableC, uncountableU] a moral rule or set of ideas that makes you behave in a particular way
The single European market works on market principles.
As a matter of principle (=a rule that is very important and that should not be broken), disabled people should have the right to work.
→ see also error of principle
2[countableC] a rule that explains how something works, or an idea that something is based on
The basic principle is that all information collected for one purpose is confidential.
The US market is built on the principle that a marketplace should be available to everyone.
accounting practice based on the accruals principle
→ ability-to-pay principle → accounting principle → benefit principle
3in principle if something is possible in principle, there is no reason why it should not happen, but it has not actually happened yet
In principle, we pay all our freelance staff within one month.
4in principle if something happens in principle, decisions, rules etc say that it should happen, even if in practice it does not always happen
In principle, a hostile takeover is possible, but we want to discourage it.
5in principle if you agree to do something in principle, you agree in a general way to the idea or plan, without agreeing to any details
North and South Korea agreed in principle to link their separate air-traffic control systems.
Origin principle
(1300-1400) French principe, from Latin principium “beginning”, from princeps; → PRINCE
prin·ci·ple noun →COLLOCATIONS1 →n COLLOCATIONS2
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
BNC: 722 COCA: 1341
principle

noun¹

 1basic general rule基本規則ADJECTIVE | VERB + PRINCIPLE | PRINCIPLE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤basic, broad, central, fundamental, general, underlying基本原則；主要原則；總的原則◇the basic principles of car maintenance汽車保養的基本原則➤bedrock, cardinal, core, essential, key基本／首要／核心／根本／關鍵原則▸➤universal普遍的準則➤organizing組織原則◇His novels reject chronology as an organizing principle.他的小說放棄了以年代為序的佈局原則。➤abstract, theoretical抽象／理論原則◇She is interested in actual human relationships rather than abstract principles.她感興趣的是人與人之間實際存在的關係，而不是抽象的原則。➤constitutional, democratic, legal, market, political憲政／民主／法律／市場／政治原則➤mathematical, physical, scientific數學／物理／科學原理VERB + PRINCIPLE➤violate違反原則◇This violates every principle of good writing.這違反了優秀文章的所有原則。➤embody, embrace, illustrate, incorporate體現／接受／說明／整合原則◇The house incorporates many principles of modern environmentally aware design.這所房子採用了許多具有現代環保意識的設計原則。➤discover, establish, formulate, lay down發現／建立／制訂／規定原則▸➤apply, invoke運用／援引原則▸➤articulate, explain, outline闡明／解釋／概括原則PRINCIPLE + VERB➤apply原則應用◇This principle applies to all kinds of selling.這一原則適用於各種形式的銷售。➤underlie sth, underpin sth原理構成⋯的基礎◇the principles underlying Western philosophy構成西方哲學基礎的基本原則PREPOSITION➤in principle原則上◇I agree with you in principle, but we'll need to discuss the details.我原則上同意你的意見，但是我們需要討論一下細節問題。➤principle behind背後的原則◇She went on to explain the principles behind what she was doing.她接着解釋了自己行為背後的原則。PHRASES➤the pleasure principle, the precautionary principle, the uncertainty principle快樂／預防／不確定性原則◇Does everything we do come down to the pleasure principle?我們做的一切都符合快樂原則嗎？
principle

noun²

 2moral rule道德規範ADJECTIVE | VERB + PRINCIPLE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤high高度的道德準則▸➤founding, guiding基本／指導性行為規範◇Freedom is the founding principle of our Republic.自由是我們共和國的基本行為準則。➤Biblical, religious《聖經》／宗教原則▸➤Christian, Islamic, etc.基督教、伊斯蘭教等的行為準則▸➤ethical, moral倫理／道德規範◇He was a man of high moral principles.他是一個道德高尚的人。VERB + PRINCIPLE➤abandon, betray, compromise放棄／背叛／有損於原則◇I refuse to compromise my principles by eating meat.我拒絕違背自己的原則開葷。➤adhere to, stick to, uphold堅持行為準則◇She sticks to the principle that everyone should be treated equally.她堅持一視同仁的準則。➤be enshrined in sth⋯受到原則的保護◇The principle of equality is enshrined in our Constitution.平等原則是我國憲法明文規定的。PREPOSITION➤against your principles違背行為準則◇Eating meat was against her principles.吃肉違背她的行為準則。➤on principle出於道德準則◇She's opposed to abortion on principle.她出於道義的原因反對墮胎。PHRASES➤a matter of principle原則問題◇They reject the proposal as a matter of principle.他們拒絕了這一提議，對他們來說這是個原則問題。➤a man/woman of principle (= person with high moral standards) 品行端正的男人／女人
BNC: 722 COCA: 1341
principle noun
⇨ principle 1 (a matter of principle) ⇨ principle 2 (the principle that…) ⇨ theory 1 (It works on a very simple principle.)principle1

noun

 a matter of principle 原则问题the principle that education should be available to all 所有人都应有权受教育的观念  ➡ See also the entries for morality and values 另见morality条和values条principle ♦︎ ethics ♦︎ ideal ♦︎ standards ♦︎ morals ♦︎ moralityThese are all words for a moral rule or strong belief that influences people's actions. 这些词均表示道德规范、道德意识。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆high principles / ideals / standards◆personal principles / ethics / standards / morality◆public ethics / morals / morality◆moral principles / ideals / standards◆religious principles / ideals / morality◆political principles / ethics / ideals / morality◆professional ethics / standards◆have (no / high etc.) principles / ideals / standards / morals◆compromise your principles / ideals / standards◆betray your principles / ideals◆a matter / question of principle / ethics / morality■ principle [countable, usually plural, uncountable] a moral rule or strong belief that influences your actions 道德原则；行为准则；规范◆I refuse to lie about it－it's against my principles.我绝不就此事说谎－那样做违背我的原则。◆Stick to your principles and tell him you won't do it.要恪守自己的原则，告诉他你是不会干的。◆He doesn't invest in the arms industry on principle.他有自己的原则，不投资军火工业。  see also unprincipled ⇨ corrupt ■ ethics ˈeθɪks [plural] moral principles that control or influence sb's actions; the degree to which sth is right or wrong according to these principles 道德准则；伦理标准；道德水平◆Their professional body is drawing up a code of ethics (= a statement of acceptable principles for a particular group).他们的专业组织正在拟订一套职业道德规范。◆He began to question the ethics of his position.他开始质疑自己的立场是否符合道德准则。ⓘ Ethics is used especially about the principles that control a particular area of activity, especially business or professional life. Collocates include professional, business and medical. * ethics尤指商业道德或职业道德，与之搭配的词有professional、business和medical。   see also ethical ⇨ good 5 , ethical ⇨ moral , ethic ⇨ values ■ ideal [countable] an idea or standard that seems perfect and worth trying to achieve or obtain 理想；看似完美的思想（或标准）◆His followers sometimes found it hard to live up to his high ideals.他的追随者有时觉得很难达到他的高标准。◆Is true love an unattainable ideal (= one that can never be achieved)?真爱是渺不可得的吗？■ standards [plural] a level of behaviour that sb considers to be morally acceptable 行为标准；道德水准◆Standards aren't what they used to be.现在的行为标准跟以前不一样了。◆We intend to uphold standards of behaviour throughout the college.我们希望维护整所大学的道德水平。■ morals [plural] standards or principles of good behaviour, especially in sexual matters （尤指性方面的）品行，道德◆He thinks that young people these days have no morals.他觉得现在的年轻人根本不讲道德。◆The play was considered an affront to public morals.人们认为这出戏有辱公德。  see also amoral ⇨ corrupt , moral ⇨ good 5 , moral ⇨ moral ■ morality məˈræləti [uncountable] a system of moral principles followed by a particular person or group of people; the degree to which sth is right or wrong according to these principles 道德规范；道德体系；道德水平◆Whatever her personal morality, she has no right to judge others.不管她的个人品行如何，她都没有权利去评判他人。◆There is a continuing debate on the morality of abortion.关于堕胎是否道德的辩论持续不休。  see also moral ⇨ good 5 , moral ⇨ moral principle2

noun

 a matter of principle 原则问题the principle that education should be available to all 所有人都应有权受教育的观念principle ♦︎ rule ♦︎ law ♦︎ tenetThese are all words for a belief about the way sb should behave and what actions they should take. 这些词均表示行事原则、行为准则。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the principle / rule / law / tenet that ...◆a basic / fundamental principle / rule / law / tenet◆a moral principle / rule / law◆a religious principle / law◆to accept a principle / rule / tenet◆to apply a principle / rule■ principle [countable, uncountable] a belief that is accepted as a reason for acting or thinking in a particular way 观念；（行动或思想的）理由；信条◆Their policy is based on the principle that free education should be available for all children.他们的政策以所有儿童都有权享受免费教育的理念为基础。◆The order to show no mercy was contrary to the most basic principles of their religion.绝不心慈手软这一命令与他们宗教最基本的信条相背离。  see also principle ⇨ theory 1 ■ rule [countable] a statement of what you do, or are advised to do, in a particular type of situation 规矩；准则◆I've made it a rule not to talk to the press.我已立下规矩，不接受媒体采访。◆There are no hard and fast rules for planning healthy meals.在安排健康饮食方面，没有什么一定之规。◆The golden rule (= most important rule) of teaching is to remember that all children learn at different rates.做教师最重要的一条是要牢记孩子学习有快有慢。  see also rule ⇨ habit , rule ⇨ rule noun , rule ⇨ theory 1 , as a rule ⇨ usually ■ law [countable, uncountable] a rule or set of rules for good behaviour or how you should behave in a particular situation 良好行为的准则；（某场合下的）行为规范◆He frequently behaved as though moral laws did not exist.他的所作所为常常无视道德准则的存在。  see also law ⇨ rule noun , law ⇨ theory 1 ■ tenet ˈtenɪt [countable] (formal) one of the principles or beliefs that a theory or larger set of beliefs is based on 原则；信条；教义◆Underlying Leninism was the tenet that revolution was inevitable.列宁主义的根本信条是革命是不可避免的。
BNC: 722 COCA: 1341
principle
Thoughts, ideas and beliefs: thought, idea, belief...
Morally good or correct behaviour: virtue, goodness, purity...
Explanations and explaining: explanation, interpretation, instructions...

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