middle manager• There is increasing evidence of disillusionment among middle managers which goes beyond the long-established mid-career crisisliterature.• How real are many so-calledmanagementposts in schools, e.g. deputy heads in primary schools and middle managers in secondary schools?• Computers are belatedly replacing thousands of clericalstaff and middle managers.• And unfortunately for middle managers, the encroachment of technology has coincided with a less autocratic approach to management.• In the organizational hierarchy of the past, middle managers were the people who remembered things, who passed on corporate culture.• Among those who face cutbacks: general supervisors, middle managers and productionworkers.• Third, the rest of the middle managers are nervous.• The middle managers are gone, and they are not coming back.
1controls an organization/part of an organization掌管機構或機構的一部份ADJECTIVE | VERB + MANAGER | PREPOSITIONADJECTIVE➤assistant, deputy經理助理;副經理➤junior, middle, mid-level (NAmE) 初級/中級/中層經理➤senior, top高級經理;最高主管➤experienced富有經驗的經理➤professional職業經理人➤general總經理➤bank, farm, hotel, store銀行/農場/酒店/商店經理➤facility設備主管➤business, commercial, corporate業務/商務/公司經理➤area, branch, department, departmental, district, divisional, national, office, regional區域經理;分部經理;部門經理;地區經理;全國總經理;辦公室主任;大區經理➤account, functional, operations, personnel, product, public relations客戶/職能/營運/人事/產品/公關經理➤campaign, programme/program, project拓展/專案/項目經理➤advertising, brand, catering, construction, development, fund, marketing, money, portfolio, production, sales, technical廣告/品牌/餐飲部/施工/開發部/基金/營銷/投資/證券投資組合/生產/銷售/技術經理➤nurse護士長➤successful成功的經理➤long-time任職甚久的經理➤full-time全職經理VERB + MANAGER➤appoint, hire (especially NAmE) 任命/雇用經理◇They hired a new campaign manager.他們新雇用了一個拓展經理。➤be named被任命為◇Last month he was named manager of the new unit.上個月他被任命為那個新部門的經理。➤promote sb to將某人提升為經理◇He has been promoted to business development manager.他已被提拔為業務開發經理。➤fire解雇經理➤replace替換經理◇Companies replace managers who underperform relative to their rivals.公司會撤換那些表現不如對手的經理人。➤assist協助經理◇Your job will be to assist the production manager.你的職責就是協助生產經理開展工作。➤train培訓經理PREPOSITION➤manager for⋯的經理◇the marketing manager for a large company一家大公司的營銷經理manager
noun²
2is in charge of a sports team管理運動隊ADJECTIVE➤Brazilian, England, Yankees, etc.巴西隊、英格蘭隊、揚基隊等的主教練➤team球隊教練➤caretaker, interim代理/臨時教練◇He will be the club's caretaker manager until a new manager is appointed.在任命新的主教練之前,他將是俱樂部的代理教練。➤top頂級教練➤beleaguered (BrE) 問題纏身的主教練◇another disappointing day for the beleaguered England manager對問題纏身的英格蘭隊主教練來說又一個失望的日子➡ note at job
➡ See also the entry for leader1另见leader条第1义manager ♦︎ director ♦︎ employer ♦︎ boss ♦︎ supervisor ♦︎ governor ♦︎ superintendent ♦︎ foremanThese are all words for a person who is in charge of running a business or part of one.这些词均表示公司的经理或部门经理。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to work for a manager / a director / an employer / a boss◆to work under a manager / supervisor / superintendent / foreman◆a good manager / director / employer / boss / supervisor / governor◆a company manager / director / boss◆to have a manager / a director / an employer / a boss / a supervisor / a governor / a foreman◆to act as manager / director / supervisor / governor◆to work as a manager / director / supervisor / foreman◆to assist the manager / director / supervisor / governor / superintendent◆to appoint a manager / director / supervisor / governor / superintendent◆to become / make sb a manager / director / supervisor / governor■manager [countable] a person who is in charge of running a business, store or similar organization; a person who is in charge of a particular activity or department in a company(店铺的)老板;(企业、公司部门或负责某项活动的)主任,经理◆a bank / hotel manager银行/酒店经理◆Sales manager Chris Jones says, 'We're thrilled with the results'.销售部经理克里斯•琼斯说:“结果太令我们兴奋了。”◆There's a meeting of area managers next Tuesday.下星期二将召开地区经理会议。ⓘ In British English, a person's line manager is the person in the company who is one rank above them and has direct responsibility for managing their work. Line manager or just manager can be a more formal way of saying boss.在英式英语中,某人的line manager指公司里职位上高一级、直接负责管理其工作的主管经理。line manager或manager可用作boss的较为正式的说法◆I'll ask my manager if I can leave early.我要问一下老板我可不可以早退。 see also management ⇨ government2, managing director ⇨ leader1■director [countable] one of a group of senior managers who run a company; a person who is in charge of a particular activity or department in a company, a college, etc.董事;总监;(公司部门的)主任,经理;(学院的)院长◆She's on the board of directors.她是董事会成员。◆He was musical director at the National Theatre from 1976 to 1997.他从1976年至1997年担任国家剧院的音乐总监。 see also managing director ⇨ leader1, direct ⇨ run2, direction ⇨ government2NOTE辨析 Manager or director?Both manager and director can be used to talk about a person who is in charge of a particular activity or department in a company. * manager和director均可指公司部门的主任、经理◆a sales / marketing / finance / personnel / technical manager / director销售部/市场部/财务部/人事部/技术部经理However, in a large company, a director is often in charge of several managers.不过,在大公司里,director常分管几个manager。■employer [countable] a person or company that pays people to work for them雇主;老板◆They're very good employers(= they treat the people that work for them well).他们是非常好的雇主。◆They're one of the largest employers in the area.他们是该地区最大的雇主之一。 see also employ ⇨ employ■boss [countable] (ratherinformal, especiallyspokenorjournalism新闻) a person who is in charge of other people at work and tells them what to do老板;主管;工头;领班◆I'll ask my boss if I can have the day off.我要问一下老板我能不能请一天假。◆I like being my own boss(= working for myself and making my own decisions).我喜欢自己当老板,自己拿主意。◆Who's the boss(= who's in control) in this house?这个家里谁说了算?ⓘ Boss is usually used with a possessive pronoun, that is his, her, my, your, etc. People often use the boss in a fairly informal way to talk about the person who is in charge of them at work. The boss can also be used in a humorous way to talk about a person who is, or seems to be, in control in a particular situation or relationship. * boss通常跟his、her、my、your等物主代词连用。the boss是不太正式的用法,常用以指工作上的主管,亦可用作幽默语,指特定情形或关系里实际上或表面上的掌控者。■supervisorˈsuːpəvaɪzə(r), ˈsjuːpəvaɪzə(r); NAmEˈsuːpərvaɪzər [countable] a person who is in charge of sb/sth and makes sure that everything is done correctly and safely监督人;指导者;主管人◆I have a meeting with my supervisor about my research topic.我要就我的研究课题同导师见一次面。◆All work is done under the guidance of a supervisor.所有工作都是在一名主管的指导下完成的。 see also supervise ⇨ regulate, supervision ⇨ government2■governor [countable] (especially BrE) a member of a group of people who are responsible for controlling an institution such as a school, college or hospital(学校、学院、医院等机构的)董事,理事◆One way of getting things changed is to become a school governor.要使情况发生改变,一个办法是成为学校的董事。ⓘ In British English, a governor is also a single person who is in charge of a prison or bank.在英式英语中,governor亦可指监狱长或银行总裁。 see also governor ⇨ leader1■superintendentˌsuːpərɪnˈtendənt, BrE also ˌsjuːpərɪnˈtendənt [countable] a person who has a lot of authority and manages and controls an activity, a place or a group of workers主管人;负责人;监督人◆In 1945 he became superintendent of schools in Dallas.他在1945年成为达拉斯教育局长。ⓘ Typically, superintendents are people in charge of hospitals, railways and schools. * superintendent最常指医院、铁路公司和学校的负责人。 see also superintend ⇨ regulate■foremanˈfɔːmən; NAmEˈfɔːrmən [countable] a worker who is in charge of a group of other factory or building workers(工厂或建筑工地的)领班,工头◆He got a job as foreman of a building site.他得到了一份工作,在建筑工地当工头。ⓘ A foreman can be either a man or a woman; there is a feminine form, forewoman, but this is not very frequent. * foreman可以是男人,也可以是女人;阴性形式forewoman不太常用。