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IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492

unemployment

Word family 
Related topics: Employment, Welfare
un·em·ploy·ment /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ ●●● S2 W2 noun [uncountableU]  
1  BEthe number of people in a particular country or area who cannot get a job 失业人数
 a town where there is high unemployment
高失业率城镇
2  BEwhen someone does not have a job 失业
 Closure of the plant means 80 workers are facing unemployment.
这家工厂的关闭意味着 80 个工人面临失业。
3  American EnglishAmEBEPEW money paid regularly by the government to people who have no job 失业救济金
on unemployment
 He’s been on unemployment for two months.
他已经领了两个月的失业救济金。
 COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
high 高的
They live in an area where unemployment is high.
他们居住在高失业率地区。
low 低的
The area has the lowest unemployment in Europe.
该地区失业率全欧洲最低。
rising/falling unemployment 上升/下降的失业率
Rising unemployment led to more crime.
失业率上升导致犯罪活动增多。
mass unemployment (=when very large numbers of people are unemployed) 大规模失业
the mass unemployment of the 1930s
20世纪 30 年代的大规模失业
long-term unemployment (=when people are unemployed for a long period of time) 长期失业
nIt can be difficult to help people out of long-term unemployment.
nlarge-scale unemployment (=when a lot of people are unemployed)
Large-scale unemployment among young people could have terrible social consequences.
nmassive unemployment
These measures could result in massive unemployment in the construction industry.
serious/severe unemployment 严重失业
nAfter the pit closed, the town experienced severe unemployment.
widespread unemployment (=in many places) 普遍失业
nThe collapse of the currency led to widespread unemployment.
nyouth/male/female unemployment (=the number of young people/men/women unemployed)
Youth unemployment there has reached 50 percent.
verbs
reduce/cut/bring down unemployment 降低失业率
The government is spending more on projects to cut unemployment.
政府对降低失业率的项目增加投入。
cause unemployment 造成失业
People blamed immigrants for causing unemployment.
人们指责移民造成了失业。
ncombat/fight unemployment
The government’s first priority is to combat unemployment.
unemployment increases/rises 失业率增加/上升
nDuring their term in office unemployment increased by 50 percent.
unemployment soars (=increases quickly to a high level) 失业率飙升
nThe economic crisis has seen unemployment soar.
phrases
a rise/increase in unemployment 失业率的上升/增加
The crisis meant a sharp rise in unemployment.
危机意味着失业率陡增。
a fall/reduction in unemployment 失业率下降/减少
nWe are hoping to see a fall in unemployment.
unemployment + NOUN
the unemployment rate 失业率
The unemployment rate was 17 percent.
失业率为17%。
the unemployment level 失业水平
The unemployment level among young people is rising.
年轻人的失业水平正在上升。
unemployment figures/statistics 失业数据/统计资料
nThey publish monthly unemployment figures for the UK.
an unemployment blackspot British EnglishBrE (=an area where there is higher unemployment than in other places) 高失业率地区
nThe town became an unemployment blackspot after the factory closure.
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘big unemployment’. Say high unemployment.
不要说 ‘big unemployment’。 而要说 high unemployment。
Examples from the Corpus
unemployment• Admittedly, unemployment insurance is not the key perpetrator of unemployment.• Second, equations will be estimated for unemployment flows 1967 - 1985 for the whole economy.• High unemployment, non-payment of state wages and pensions and official cronyism and corruption will all be election issues.• Five years ago, for example, it was assumed that if unemployment fell below 6 percent, inflation would rise.• Closure of the plant will mean unemployment for 500 workers.• National unemployment is only 6%.• An employee who was given that choice and chooses resignation can still receive unemployment compensation or file a lawsuit against the boss.• The second problem is the prejudice which redundancy and long-term unemployment may create in the mind of the interviewer.• As for the unemployment issue, I have never, never, uttered one word about this sensitive and intensely sad situation.• The following review is selective and concentrates on the way unemployment benefit impacts on women.
on unemployment• He's been on unemployment for three months.
From Longman Business Dictionary
unemploymentun·em·ploy·ment /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ noun [uncountableU]
1when you do not have a job
Closure of the plant will mean unemployment for 500 workers.
Most of our staff now face unemployment.
2ECONOMICS the number of people in a country who do not have a job
Unemployment rose by 32,000 in May.
The region suffers from high unemployment (=many people do not have a job).
the unemployment figures
→ disguised unemployment → frictional unemployment → hard-core unemployment → hidden unemployment → involuntary unemployment → long-term unemployment → search unemployment → seasonal unemployment → structural unemployment → voluntary unemployment
3American EnglishAmE informal money paid regularly by the government to people who have no job
I’ve never claimed unemployment.
→ see also NAIRU
un·em·ploy·ment noun →COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492
unemployment

noun

ADJECTIVE | ... OF UNEMPLOYMENT | VERB + UNEMPLOYMENT | UNEMPLOYMENT + VERB | UNEMPLOYMENT + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤double-digit, high, huge, mass, massive, severe, widespread兩位數的失業率；高失業率；大規模失業；大批人失業；嚴峻的失業狀況；普遍的失業▸➤low低失業率▸➤growing, rising上升的失業人數▸➤falling下降的失業率➤chronic長期失業➤involuntary非自願性失業▸➤long-term長期失業▸➤seasonal (especially BrE) 季節性失業▸➤structural結構性失業▸➤graduate, youth大學生／年輕人失業▸➤rural, urban鄉村／城鎮失業人數... OF UNEMPLOYMENT➤level, rate失業率VERB + UNEMPLOYMENT➤be faced with, face面臨失業▸➤cause, create導致／造成失業▸➤alleviate, bring down, cut, reduce緩解失業狀況；降低失業人數▸➤increase使失業人數增加▸➤combat, tackle對付／處理失業問題UNEMPLOYMENT + VERB➤climb, double, increase, rise, soar失業人數攀升／加倍／增加／上升／劇增◇Unemployment climbed above two million.失業人數攀升到 200 萬人以上。➤decline, fall失業人數下降▸➤average sth, remain sth, remain at sth, stand at sth失業率平均為⋯；失業率保持在⋯；失業率為⋯◇Unemployment averaged 15% across the country.全國的失業率平均為 15%。➤hit sth, reach sth失業率達到⋯◇Unemployment hit 10% in 1982.1982 年失業率達到 10%。◇Unemployment reached 30%.失業率達到 30%。UNEMPLOYMENT + NOUN➤benefit, benefits, compensation, cover, insurance (especially NAmE) 失業救濟金；失業補償；失業保險◇New claims for unemployment benefits remain low.新近領取失業救濟金的人仍然不多。➤claims (especially NAmE) 申請失業救濟金▸➤data, figures, levels, numbers, percentage, rate, statistics, total失業數據；失業數字；失業率；失業總數◇The county's unemployment rate has dropped to 9%.該縣的失業率已降至 9%。➤black spot (BrE) 失業重災區◇This former mining town is now an unemployment black spot.這個昔日的採礦小鎮現在成了失業重災區。PREPOSITION➤unemployment among⋯中的失業◇Unemployment among graduates is falling steadily.畢業生的待業人數正持續下降。PHRASES➤a period of unemployment失業期間▸➤a rise in unemployment, an increase in unemployment失業人數上升➤a fall in unemployment失業人數下降
IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492
unemployment

noun

unemployment ♦︎ redundancy ♦︎ dismissal ♦︎ sacking ♦︎ lay-off ♦︎ dischargeThese are all words for the state of not having a job, the fact of losing your job or the act of officially removing sb from their job. 这些词均表示无业、失业或解雇、开除。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆mass unemployment / redundancies / dismissals / lay-offs◆large-scale unemployment / redundancies / lay-offs◆to face unemployment / redundancy / dismissal◆to lead to / avoid unemployment / redundancies / dismissal■ unemployment [uncountable] the state of not having a job; the fact of a number of people not having a job; the number of people without a job 无业；失业；失业人数◆Thousands of young people are facing long-term unemployment.成千上万的青年正面临长期待业状况。◆It's an area of high unemployment.那是个失业率高的地区。◆Last month saw a rise in both inflation and unemployment.上个月的通胀率和失业人数均有所上升。OPP employment ⇨ work noun 2 ■ redundancy rɪˈdʌndənsi [uncountable, countable, usually plural] (BrE, rather formal) the situation when sb has to leave their job because there is no more work available for them （因劳动力过剩而造成的）裁员，解雇◆Thousands of factory workers are facing redundancy in the New Year.数千名工厂工人在新年面临下岗。◆She decided to take voluntary redundancy (= to offer to leave her job).她决定接受自愿裁退。◆The threat of compulsory redundancies still hangs over the firm.强制裁员的威胁依然笼罩着公司。◆200 workers have been issued with redundancy notices.已有200名工人收到了裁员通知。  see also make sb redundant ⇨ fire verb ■ dismissal [uncountable, countable] (rather formal or law 法律) the act of officially removing sb from their job; an example of this 解雇；开除；撤职◆He still hopes to win his claim against unfair dismissal.他仍然希望赢得遭到无理解雇的赔偿。◆The dismissals followed the resignation of the chairman.董事长辞职后紧接着就是裁员。   see also dismiss ⇨ fire verb ■ sacking [countable] (BrE, rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) an act of dismissing sb from their job, especially because they have done sth wrong （尤指因犯错导致的）解雇，炒鱿鱼◆A council chief faced calls for his sacking yesterday over allegations that he had accepted bribes.一名市政部门的主管昨日因受贿指控而被要求撤职。   see also sack ⇨ fire verb ■ ˈlay-off [countable] (rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) an act of making sb unemployed because there is no more work available for them, especially temporarily （因劳动力过剩而造成的）裁员，解雇（尤指临时性的）◆We do not want to risk further lay-offs in the factory.我们不想再在工厂里冒裁员的风险了。ⓘ You can also talk about job cuts in this context. 在这种语境下亦可用job cuts。   see also cut ⇨ reduction , lay sb off ⇨ fire verb ■ discharge ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ; NAmE ˈdɪstʃɑːrdʒ [countable, uncountable] the act of officially allowing sb, or of telling sb, to leave their job, especially in the army 获准离开；免职；退伍◆The illness resulted in his discharge from the army.这场病导致他从部队退伍。   see also discharge ⇨ fire verb
IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492

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