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TOEFL BNC: 6655 COCA: 3459

civilization

Word family 
civ·i·li·za·tion (also civilisation British English) /ˌsɪvəl-aɪˈzeɪʃən $ -vələ-/ ●●○ noun  
1  [countableC, uncountableU]SOCIETY a society that is well organized and developed, used especially about a particular society in a particular place or at a particular time 文明（社会） → civilized
 modern American civilization
现代美国文明
civilization of
 the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome
希腊和罗马的古代文明
2  [uncountableU]SOCIETY all the societies in the world considered as a whole 文明世界
 The book explores the relationship between religion and civilization.
本书探讨了宗教和文明的关系。
 the dawn of civilization (=the beginning of civilization)
文明的起源
3  [uncountableU]COMFORTABLE a place such as a city where you feel comfortable, especially because it is modern 现代生活环境，文明的环境〔如城市等地〕 → civilized
 After a week in the mountains, all I wanted to do was get back to civilization.
在山里待了一个星期，我唯一想做的就是回到文明社会中。
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
American/European/Chinese etc civilization
the history of Chinese civilization
western civilization (=from Europe or the Americas)
Many people are rejecting the values of western civilization.
ancient civilization (=a very old one)
The achievements of Egypt's ancient civilization were remarkable.
modern civilization
Technology is one of the benefits of modern civilization.
a great civilization (=very important and interesting)
the great civilizations of India and China
human civilization
the development of human civilization
industrial civilization
Industrial civilization is barely a century old.
an advanced civilization
Philosophy is a luxury of an advanced civilization.
higher civilizations (=more advanced ones)
There could be higher civilizations on other planets.
a primitive civilization (=one that is not at all advanced)
His main interest was primitive civilizations.
early civilizations (=existing before others, or at the beginning of a period of time)
the early civilizations of Mesopotamia and the East Mediterranean
Examples from the Corpus
civilization• When the time came for civilization on the planet of the Perks, they built war-trains, undermining engines, mole bombs.• He just came in and destroyed this really high civilization and then left.• Once humans had invented civilization, they never lost it.• Our century has seen greater climate changes than any period since the dawn of civilization.• There was nothing down there on the earth-no towns, no light, no signs of civilization at all.• Called to attend at 10.15 in the morning, we started in the time-honoured way of civilization with a coffee break.• To see them clearly one has to withdraw, mentally at least, from the civilization of which one is a part.• But there is a sense in which religion is no less essential to civilization than literature and the fine arts.• Much of the hostility towards civilization felt by people in the suppressed classes is understandable.
civ·i·li·za·tion noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL BNC: 6655 COCA: 3459
civilization (BrE also civilisation)

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + CIVILIZATION | CIVILIZATION + VERB | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤ancient, early, old古代／早期／古老文明◇the early civilizations of Asia亞洲的早期文明➤modern, new現代文明；新文明◇the benefits of modern civilization現代文明的益處➤advanced先進文明▸➤primitive原始文明▸➤Greek, Roman, etc.希臘、羅馬等文明➤Christian, European, Islamic, Western, etc.基督教、歐洲、伊斯蘭、西方等文明◇diseases that are common in Western civilization西方文明中常見的惡疾➤great偉大的文明◇the great civilizations of the past昔日的偉大文明➤industrial工業文明▸➤human人類文明◇Art and music are among the great products of human civilization.繪畫和音樂屬於人類文明的偉大產物。➤lost失落的文明VERB + CIVILIZATION➤bring把文明帶給⋯◇to bring civilization to the outer reaches of the country把文明帶給國家的邊遠地區➤build, create建立／創造文明◇a movement that aims to create a new civilization一項旨在創造新文明的運動➤destroy破壞文明➤threaten對文明構成威脅▸➤save拯救文明CIVILIZATION + VERB➤collapse文明崩潰➤flourish文明繁榮PHRASES➤the beginnings of civilization, the dawn of civilization文明的開端／黎明▸➤civilization as we know it現在我們所認知的文明◇Could this be the end of civilization as we know it?這會是我們現在所知道的文明的終結嗎？➤the collapse of a civilization, the decline of a civilization, the end of a civilization文明的崩潰／衰落／終結➤a level of civilization文明程度◇to reach a higher level of civilization達到更高的文明程度
TOEFL BNC: 6655 COCA: 3459
civilization noun
⇨ culture
TOEFL BNC: 6655 COCA: 3459
civilization
Culture, society and civilization: advanced, civilisation, civilise...
Relating to towns and town planning: brownfield, built-up, centrally located...

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