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understand
Word family
ldoce_755_zun·der·stand /ˌʌndəˈstænd $ -ər-/ ●●● S1 W1 verb (past tensepst and past participlepp understood /-ˈstʊd/)
1 meaning 意思 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]UNDERSTAND to know the meaning of what someone is telling you, or the language that they speak 懂得；理解；明白 → misunderstood
2 fact/idea 事实/想法 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]UNDERSTAND to know or realize how a fact, process, situation etc works, especially through learning or experience 〔尤指通过学习或经历〕了解，知道
understand how/why/where etc
3 person/feelings 人/感受 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]UNDERSTANDSYMPATHIZE to realize how someone feels and why they behave the way they do, and to be sympathetic 理解，谅解；体谅
understand how/what etc
4 believe/think 相信/认为 [transitiveT] to believe or think that something is true because you have heard it or read it 获悉；据信；听说
understand (that)
it is understood (that)
be understood to be (doing) something
n Grammar
In more formal English, you say it is understood that when saying what people in general believe is true:
It is understood that an agreement will be signed today.
5 give somebody to understand (that) formalTELL to make someone believe that something is true, going to happen etc, without telling them this directly 〔不直接说明而〕使某人相信…
Examples from the Corpus
give somebody to understand (that)• He gave up trying to understand it and vowed to harden himself more.• A parting sniff as she left the room gave the gentleman to understand that he had disappointed her.• She gave him to understand that her city was his as well as she herself.• Although I received no official indication, I was given to understand that I would be promoted within a year.• He gave me to understand that the bamboo beetle would soon be killed off by the sea air.• A friend of your daughter's gave us to understand that you lived in Michigan.• Colonel Fergusson had long since given up trying to understand the business.• Sergeant Bramble and Constable Quince very quickly gave up trying to understand what it was that the experts were looking for.
6 be understood (that) formalAGREE if something is understood, everyone knows it, or has agreed to it, and there is no need to discuss it …不言而喻；达成共识
Examples from the Corpus
be understood (that)• The less that was known about the political officer's activities, the less was understood about his responsibility for events.• The first meaning should be understood as the inspiration which has urged the choreographer to create.• The notion of transparent reporting which can be understood by the untutored layman is a chimera.• The gifts will rather be understood from the point of view of the sinful self that seeks only self-gratification and status.• Briefly, as we shall devote a section to each below, these categories are understood in the following way.• It is understood that a number of applications for advance clearance under s 707 for such arrangements have been refused.• He is understood to be on police bail after his arrest on Tuesday.• As such they have to be understood with nuances of influence and control often benign but sometimes narrow in focus.• From childhood, it was understood your parents would choose your husband.
7 understand something to be/mean something MEANINGUNDERSTANDto accept something as having a particular meaning 领会某事的意思是…
Examples from the Corpus
understand something to be/mean something• Barmy anyway, which is what I understand you to mean.• Must you really understand duration to be a savvy investor?• After a while-it seemed like an eternity-Philip usually acknowledged that he understood what needed to be accomplished.• We understood his lack of response to mean "no."• Isabel had always understood Faith to mean that she should have it.• Hicks understood it to mean Those Who Are.• To understand is to be betrayed.• Homosexuals have as much right to be understood, to be treated with compassionate love as the rest of us.• Accent, tone, fluency and vocabulary can affect the ability of sender and receiver to understand or to be understood.
8 do you understand? UNDERSTAND spoken used when you are telling someone what they should or should not do, especially when you are angry with them 明白了吗？〔用于告诫某人应该或不应该做什么，尤在对其感到生气时使用〕
Examples from the Corpus
do you understand?• I loved him, do you understand?• Oliver I have to be near her, do you understand?• I owe nothing to anybody, not gratitude or anything else, do you understand me?• You are mine, do you understand? mine.• What do you understand of my situation or my mind?• What do they understand of the temples themselves rising nearby?• I am very pushed for money, Alice - do you understand that?• Question, do you understand what it means to terminate the employment at will?
n GRAMMAR: Using the progressive
Understand is not used in the progressive. You say:
I understand what you’re saying.
✗Don’t say: I’m understanding what you’re saying. 我明白你的话。
THESAURUS
understand to know the meaning of something, or the reasons for something 懂得；理解；明白
I understand what you’re saying.
我明白你的话。
Doctors are beginning to understand what causes the disease.
医生开始明白这种疾病的发病原因。
see especially spoken to understand something, especially the truth about a situation or the reasons for something 明白，理解〔某情况的真相或某事的原因〕
I can see why you don’t like him.
我明白你为什么不喜欢他。
Do you see what I mean?
你懂我的意思吗？
Oh, I see!
噢，我懂了！
get informal to understand a joke, what someone says, the reasons why something is true etc 理解，听懂〔笑话、某人的话、某事属实的原因等〕
She didn’t seem to get the joke.
她似乎没听懂那个笑话。
Do you get me?
你懂我的话吗？
He explained the math homework twice, but I still don’t get it.
他把数学作业解释了两遍，可我还是没懂。
nI still don’t get why she left.
comprehend formal to understand something, or understand why something is important 理解〔某事或其重要性〕
The dream was easy to describe, but difficult to comprehend.
那个梦容易描述，但难以理解。
They had failed to comprehend the significance of the problem.
他们没能理解这个问题的重要性。
know what somebody means spoken to understand what someone is telling you, or what a situation is like, especially because you have some experience or knowledge about this 〔尤因具有相关经历或知识〕理解某人的意思，了解情况
‘It can be really hard to give up smoking.’ ‘I know exactly what you mean.’
“戒烟可真难啊。” “我完全理解。”
nWe now know what the scientists meant when they warned about global warming.
follow to understand something such as an explanation or story as you hear it, read it etc 理解，懂得〔解释、故事等〕
to understand something difficult 理解有难度的事物The plot is hard to follow.
情节很难理解。
His instructions were easy to follow.
他的指示很容易理解。
grasp to completely understand an idea or a fact, especially a complicated one 理解，领会〔尤指复杂的观点或事实〕
Some of his theories can be rather difficult for the ordinary reader to grasp.
他的一些理论对普通读者来说很难理解。
I don’t think Stuart really grasped the point I was making.
我看斯图尔特实际上没有理解我表达的那个观点。
fathom /ˈfæðəm/ formal to understand what something means or the reasons for something, after thinking carefully about it 〔仔细思考后〕理解
She looked at him, puzzled, trying to fathom the reasons for his actions.
她不解地看着他，试图弄明白他为什么会有这些行为。
make sense of something to understand something that is not easy to understand, especially by thinking about it 理解，想明白〔难以理解的事〕
People are still trying to make sense of the news.
人们仍试图理解这一消息的含意。
ncan’t make head nor tail of something spoken used when something seems impossible to understand
I can’t make head nor tail of his plays, and I’m not sure that anyone else can either.
5 FREQUENCY 使用频率
Examples from the Corpus
understand• She spoke slowly and clearly so that everyone could understand.• You can only apologize, and hope that she'll understand.• Computer manuals should be written in a way that is easy to understand.• How can I make you understand?• I'm sure if you talk to your boss, he'll understand.• I'm sure your teacher will understand.• A person watching could understand and almost envy it.• I'm sorry. I still don't understand. Can you say it slower?• Unfortunately she doesn't understand English.• Sondra doesn't understand football at all.• You don't need to understand how a computer works to use it.• Bateson now argued that the direct study of variation was the only way of trying to understand how evolution actually works.• I completely understand how things are when money is tight.• I understand how you feel, but I still think you should apologize to her.• Don't worry. I understand perfectly.• The witness said he understood that he was swearing to give true and correct information.• Unlike many political appointees, she was determined to understand the most complex details of her job.• Doctors still do not fully understand the process by which the disease is transmitted.• I didn't understand the teacher's instructions.• The second cost associated with producing fund accounts relates to the investment of time and skill needed to understand them.• When he's old enough to understand, we'll tell him he's adopted.• We're trying very hard to understand what she's going through.• Ben asked a few questions to make sure he understood what to do.• They understand what we say better than we understand them.• Naturally June couldn't understand why it was that I went on cutting her.
make yourself understood• Dholuo was the language and I knew I was an encumbrance until I could make myself understood.• Hardly a practicable solution when she didn't even know if she could make herself understood.• Unless people make themselves understood and understand what others are saying, the process can not work.• Ian was the best at making himself understood as he had been a Latin scholar.• We talk to: Express ourselves and to make ourselves understood by others.• I often have trouble making myself understood in Japanese.• As we will soon see, the inability to make oneself understood properly was at the root of the crisis in Vicos.• When Cardinal Spellman was presiding, he had such difficulty making himself understood that he had to have some one speak for him.
understand how/why/where etc• Part of understanding how this boundary layer looks involves under-standing what it is made of.• Their owner says she's sickened, and can't understand why anybody would do such a thing.• I never could understand why anybody would want to daily cut and hack on bodies or parts of bodies.• But I didn't understand why he took the penalty.• Then I understood why he was shattered.• At this time I was at a loss to understand how it managed to hover for so long in the same place.• In order to understand how this happens we need to understand two ideas that are central to cognition theory.• Suddenly he understood why wars were fought and how it was with buddies willing to heave themselves on to bouncing hand grenades.
understand how/what etc• They said they understood how busy I was.• This allows everyone-not just leaders-to understand what direction they need to take.• Even a passing reference is sufficient, if readers will understand what is meant.• Once the horse understands what is required of him, he should enjoy his work and improve day by day.• When Grandma understood what the man said about wanting to search me, she told me to empty my pockets.• At least it would give them some idea, at least they would now understand how things were.• Paul does not understand how this can be good.• I didn't understand what was taking place within me.
it is understood (that)• But an obligation to obey the law as it is understood in political writings today is a mere primafacie obligation.• There clubs closed at 1am and it is understood local police liaised with managers before Saturday.• The Hamiltons' Cheshire home was searched, and it is understood that a computer was among items taken away for examination.• Thus it is understood that cells are influenced by fields and not currents of electricity, as the effect is minimal.• Initially Mr Bond gave his approval, but it is understood that sanction has subsequently been withdrawn.• His first priority will be to find players as it is understood that several of last season's side want to leave.• Creativity inevitably involves taking risks, and, in Great Groups, it is understood that the risk taker will sometimes stumble.• St. Mary's are appealing against the decision but it is understood the housing trust are considering an alternative site.
Old English understandan, from under + standan “to stand”
un·der·stand verb →n GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→THESAURUS1 →5 FREQUENCY1
→THESAURUS1 →5 FREQUENCY1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
verb
understand verb
⇨ understand 1 (understand French/how sth works) ⇨ understand 2 (understand how sb feels) ⇨ agree 3 (I thought it was understood that I would be paid.) ⇨ conclude (Am I to understand that you refuse?) understand 1 understand French/how sth works 懂法语；知道某事物如何运行 understand how sb feels 了解某人的感觉 understand ♦︎ see ♦︎ get ♦︎ follow ♦︎ grasp ♦︎ comprehend ♦︎ catch on ♦︎ take sth in These words all mean to know or realize sth, for example why sth happens, how sth works or what sth means. 这些词均表示懂得、理解、明白。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ to understand / see / get / follow / grasp / comprehend / catch on to / take in what / why / how... ◆ to understand / see / grasp / comprehend / take in that... ◆ to understand / get / grasp / take in the meaning (of sth) ◆ to understand / see / get / grasp the point / idea (of sth) ◆ to understand / grasp a concept / principle ◆ to understand / follow the instructions ◆ can / can't understand / see / follow / grasp / comprehend / take in sth◆ to try to understand / see / follow / grasp / comprehend / take in sth ◆ to begin to understand / see / grasp / comprehend / take in sth ◆ to be easy / difficult / hard to understand / see / follow / grasp / comprehend / take in ◆ to easily understand / see / grasp / comprehend ◆ to (not) quite understand / see / get / follow / grasp sth ◆ to fully understand / see / grasp / comprehend / take in sth ■ understand (understood , understood [transitive , intransitive ] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时 ) to know or realize the meaning of words, a language, what sb says, etc.; to know or realize how or why sth happens, how it works or why it is important 懂，理解，领会（词义、语言、话语等）；了解，明白（事情如何或为何发生、如何起作用或为何重要等） ◆ Do you understand French?你懂法语吗？ ◆ He couldn't understand what she was saying.他弄不懂她在说些什么。 ◆ Doctors still don't understand much about the disease.医生对这种疾病还不太了解。 ◆ The disease is still not fully understood.对这种疾病的了解还不充分。 ◆ I could never understand why she was fired.我怎么也不明白她为何被解雇。 ◆ I just don't understand!我就是想不通！ ◆ I don't want you doing that again. Do you understand?我不许你再那样做，听明白了吗？ OPP misunderstand ⇨ misunderstand ■ see (saw , seen [intransitive , transitive ] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时 ) (spoken ) to understand what is happening, what sb is saying, how sth works or how important sth is 理解，明白，领会（正在发生的事、某人的话、某事物如何起作用或有多重要） ◆ 'It opens like this.' 'Oh, I see .'“这样就打开了。”“哦，我明白了。” ◆ You see , she only heard about the plan yesterday.要知道，她昨天才得知这个计划。 ◆ I don't think she saw the point of the story.我觉得她没有领会故事的中心意思。 ◆ Oh yes, I see what you mean .噢，我明白你的意思了。 ◆ Can't you see that he's taking advantage of you?他在利用你，难道你看不出来？ ■ get [transitive ] (getting , got , got ; NAmE spoken getting , got , gotten [no passive ] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时 ) (informal , spoken ) to understand a joke, what sb is trying to tell you, or a situation that they are trying to describe 理解，明白（笑话、某人试图告知的事或描述的情况） ◆ She didn't get the joke.她没听懂那笑话。 ◆ I don't get you.我不懂你的意思。 ◆ I don't get it －why would she do a thing like that?我不明白，她怎么会干那种事？ ◆ I get the message －you don't want me to come.我懂你的意思了，你是不希望我来。 ■ follow [intransitive , transitive ] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时 ) to understand an explanation, a story or the meaning of sth 理解，明白（说明、故事或意思） ◆ Sorry－I don't quite follow.对不起，我不太明白。 ◆ I don't follow you.我听不懂你的话。 ◆ The plot is almost impossible to follow.故事情节几乎叫人不明所以。 ■ grasp grɑːsp; NAmE græsp [transitive ] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时 ) to come to understand a fact, an idea or how to do sth 认识到，理解，领会（事实、想法或如何做某事） ◆ They failed to grasp the importance of his words.他们没能理解他的话的重要性。 ◆ She was unable to grasp how to do it.她没弄明白这事该怎么做。 NOTE 辨析 You can use understand or grasp for the action of realizing the meaning or importance of sth for the first time. 第一次意识到某事的意义或重要性可用understand或grasp ◆ It's a difficult concept for children to understand / grasp.对孩子来说，这是个很难理解的概念。 For the state of knowing the meaning or importance of sth, use understand or have grasped . 表示对某事的意义或重要性已有所认识可用understand或have grasped ◆ By this time, engineers understood / had grasped the basic principles of aerodynamics.那时候，工程师已经掌握了空气动力学的基本原理。 ◆ By this time, engineers grasped the basic principles... Only understand can be used to talk about languages, words or writing. 只有understand可指理解语言、词义或文章等 ◆ I don't grasp French/the instructions. ■ comprehend ˌkɒmprɪˈhend; NAmE ˌkɑːmprɪˈhend [transitive , intransitive ] (not used in the progressive tenses; often used in negative statements 不用于进行时，常用于否定陈述 ) (formal ) to understand a fact, idea or reason 理解，领悟，明白（事实、想法或原因） ◆ The concept of infinity is almost impossible for the human mind to comprehend.“无穷”这个概念几乎是人类的大脑无法理解的。 ◆ He stood staring at the body, unable to comprehend.他站在那里，盯着那具尸体，弄不明白是怎么回事。 ■ ˌcatch ˈon (caught , caught (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时 ) (informal , spoken ) to come to understand a situation 弄明白；搞清楚 ◆ She still didn't catch on, even after all those hints.给了那么多暗示，她竟然还是没弄懂。 ◆ He finally caught on to what was going on.他终于明白了正在发生的事。 ■ ˌtake sth ˈin (took , taken (often used in negative statements 常用于否定陈述 ) to understand and remember sth that you hear or read 理解并记住（听到或读到的东西） ◆ I realized I was reading without taking anything in.我意识到我什么都没读懂。 understand 2 understand French/how sth works 懂法语；知道某事物如何运行 understand how sb feels 了解某人的感觉 understand ♦︎ relate to sb/sth ♦︎ identify with sb/sth ♦︎ empathize These words all mean to know, realize or share what sb else feels or experiences. 这些词均表示了解、谅解、同情。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ to try to understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth) ◆ to be able / unable to understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth) ◆ I, you, he, etc. can / could understand / relate to / identify with / empathize with sb / sth ◆ It's easy / difficult / hard to understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth)◆ to really / totally understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth) ◆ to easily understand / relate to / identify with (sb / sth) ■ understand (understood , understood [transitive , intransitive ] to know sb's character, how they feel and why they behave in the way they do 了解；谅解；体谅 ◆ Nobody understands me.没有人了解我。 ◆ He doesn't understand women at all.他根本就不了解女性。 ◆ They understand what I have been through.他们对我的遭遇很同情。 ◆ If you want to leave early, I'm sure he'll understand.如果你想早点离开，我相信他会体谅的。 understanding ⇨ sensitive 1 ■ reˈlate to sb/sth to be able to understand and have sympathy with sb/sth 理解并同情；认同；体恤 ◆ Many adults can't relate to children.许多成年人并不了解儿童的想法。 ◆ Our product needs an image that people can relate to.我们的产品需要一个大众能认同的形象。 ■ iˈdentify with sb/sth to feel that you can understand and share the feelings of sb else, especially because you feel that you are similar to them or are in a similar situation 与⋯产生共鸣；感同身受 ◆ I didn't enjoy the book because I couldn't identify with any of the main characters.我不喜欢这本书，因为我无法与其中的任何主要角色产生共鸣。 NOTE 辨析 Relate to sb/sth is often used to talk about personal relationships. It can describe how successful a relationship is, for example between teacher and student, parent and child, boss and employee, etc. * relate to sb/sth常用来谈论人际关系，可形容某种关系是多么融洽，如师生间、亲子间、老板与雇员间的关系等 ◆ He's a successful and popular teacher because he really relates to the children.他是个成功且受欢迎的教师，因为他确实了解孩子们的想法。 If you identify with sb , you feel that you are similar to them in some way or that you have shared the same experiences. It often describes people's positive feelings towards characters in a book or film or famous people such as writers or actors. * identify with sb表示你觉得自己在某种程度上与某人相似或者有相同的经历，常用以描述人们对书或电影中的人物或作家、演员之类的名人所怀有的正面感情 ◆ Which character do you identify with most, the father or his son?你和里面哪个人物最能产生共鸣，父亲还是儿子？ ■ empathize (BrE alsoempathise ˈempəθaɪz [intransitive ] to understand another person's feelings and experiences, especially because you can imagine yourself in a similar situation 有同感；产生共鸣 ◆ A glamorous 20-year-old stylist is unlikely to empathize with a working mother of three.一个光鲜的20岁发型师是不可能跟一名有三个孩子的在职母亲产生共鸣的。 empathy ⇨ bond , sympathize ⇨ sorry for sb
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understand
To understand something: understand, know, work out...
To believe or accept that something is true or exists: think, believe in, suppose...
To understand something or someone in a particular way: make out, interpret, perceive...
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