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afraid
a·fraid /əˈfreɪd/ ●●● S1 W2 adjectiveadj [not before noun]
1 FRIGHTENEDfrightened because you think that you may get hurt or that something bad may happen 害怕的，恐懼的 SYN scared
be/feel afraid
There’s no need to be afraid.
沒有必要害怕。
afraid of something
5kids who are afraid of the dark
怕黑的孩子
nMany children are afraid of the dark.
nafraid of somebody
nI was a little afraid of him when I first met him.
afraid of doing something
5He was afraid of being caught by the police.
他怕被警察抓住。
nSome old people are afraid of going out alone.
afraid to do something
► see thesaurus at frightenedZoe was afraid to go back into the house.
佐伊有點害怕回到那幢房子裏。
Register
In everyday English, people often say scared rather than afraid: 在日常英語中，人們一般說scared，而不說afraid
I’m scared of heights.
我恐高。
2 WORRIEDworried that something bad will happen as a result of your actions 擔心的，憂慮的
afraid (that)
He was afraid that the other kids would laugh at him.
他擔心其他孩子會嘲笑他。
nShe was half afraid that he would say no (=a little afraid).
afraid of doing something
I didn’t tell her because I was afraid of upsetting her.
我沒有告訴她，因爲怕她不高興。
afraid of something
The government was afraid of the reaction from the public.
政府擔心民衆強烈抗議。
afraid to do something
Don’t be afraid to ask for help.
不要怕尋求幫助。
3 afraid for somebody/something worried that something bad may happen to a particular person or thing 爲某人/某事擔心
Her father looked ill and she was suddenly afraid for him.
她父親似乎不舒服，她一下子爲他擔心起來。
Many of us were afraid for our jobs.
我們許多人爲自己的工作擔心。
Examples from the Corpus
4 I’m afraid spokenFRIGHTENED used to politely tell someone something that may annoy, upset, or disappoint them 恐怕，很遺憾
That’s the most we can offer you, I’m afraid.
恐怕我們最多只能給你這些了。
I’m afraid (that)
I’m afraid you’ve come to the wrong address.
恐怕你找錯地址了。
‘Is she very ill?’ ‘I’m afraid so (=yes).’
“她病得很厲害嗎？”“恐怕是的。”
‘Did you see him?’ ‘I’m afraid not (=no).’
“你見到他了嗎？”“很遺憾，沒有。”
Examples from the Corpus
5 GRAMMAR 語法
Afraid to do something means 'unwilling to do something, because you are frightened or worried' afraid to do something的意思是害怕做某事
They are afraid to express their political views.
他們不敢表達自己的政治觀點。
Afraid of doing something can also mean this afraid of doing something也有此含義
When I was a child, I was afraid of going to sleep.
我小時候害怕睡覺。
However, it more often means 'frightened or worried that something might happen as a result of your action' 但它更多的時候是“擔心會發生某事”的意思
They were afraid of damaging their careers.
他們擔心會毀掉自己的事業。
n GRAMMAR: Comparison
afraid, frightened, scared
You feel afraid of someone or something:
A lot of people are afraid of snakes.
✗Don’t say: afraid about somethingYou feel afraid to do something:
I was afraid to tell anyone.
You can use the same patterns with frightened and scared:
worriedI was frightened of my father.
She was too scared to talk.
You feel worried about someone or something:
I was worried about my father.
You feel worried by something that has happened:
Many people were worried by the news.
Examples from the Corpus
afraid• Now that he could do nothing, he felt afraid.• I could see she was afraid.• For centuries, no one had come along who could make him afraid.• Billy was afraid his aunt would punish him if he owned up.• I am afraid I don't know his second name, but I have been his friend since he was a boy.• Don't be afraid. I won't hurt you.• I didn't tell anyone, because I was afraid of being punished.• I have learned not to be afraid of fire.• He had a terrible temper and everyone was afraid of him.• It's amazing how many people are afraid of spiders.• We were afraid that this proud and energetic man might be forced to lie there paralyzed and helpless until his death.• I am afraid there will be a good deal of suffering among the poor this winter.• She was afraid to speak up in front of all these important people.• He was not afraid to throw less-touted Charlie Garner into the running-back mix.• I was afraid to turn around and look at all the others being kept out.
afraid to do something• We have been all around Britain to put to them the intimate questions teachers and parents were too afraid to ask.• She was tense, almost afraid to breathe, almost afraid to meet his gaze.• Most women are basically too afraid to leave.• Could he be afraid to put them into words?• Bennett called her chicken, said she was afraid to race the newcomer.• Maybe-and this he feared more than anything-he would be afraid to seize such a moment when it came.• Gays afraid to speak out thank her for speaking for them.• We were afraid to use the buckets behind one of the partitions as we did during the air raids.
afraid to do something• We have been all around Britain to put to them the intimate questions teachers and parents were too afraid to ask.• She was tense, almost afraid to breathe, almost afraid to meet his gaze.• Most women are basically too afraid to leave.• Could he be afraid to put them into words?• Bennett called her chicken, said she was afraid to race the newcomer.• Maybe-and this he feared more than anything-he would be afraid to seize such a moment when it came.• Gays afraid to speak out thank her for speaking for them.• We were afraid to use the buckets behind one of the partitions as we did during the air raids.
(1300-1400) Past participle of affray “to frighten” ((14-19 centuries)), from Old French affreer; → AFFRAY
a·fraid adjectiveadj →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→REGISTER1
→REGISTER1
LDOCE Online
Syllable
Corpus
adjective
afraid adj.
⇨ afraid (afraid of the dark) ⇨ I'm afraid ⇨ sorry afraid ➡ See also the entry for worried 另見worried條 afraid ♦︎ frightened ♦︎ scared ♦︎ terrified ♦︎ alarmed ♦︎ fearful ♦︎ paranoid ♦︎ intimidated ♦︎ startled ♦︎ petrified These words all describe feeling or showing fear. 這些詞均表示害怕、懼怕。 SYNONYM SCALE 詞義標尺 下圖顯示這些詞所表達害怕的程度
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ frightened / scared / fearful / paranoid about sth ◆ afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / fearful / petrified of sb / sth ◆ terrified / alarmed / intimidated / startled by sb / sth ◆ afraid / frightened for sb ◆ afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / fearful / petrified that... ◆ afraid / frightened / scared to do sth ◆ Don't be afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / intimidated.◆ There's no need to be afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / paranoid / intimidated.◆ to feel afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / paranoid / terrified / petrified ◆ to look afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / alarmed / startled / petrified ◆ to sound afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / alarmed ◆ to get frightened / scared / paranoid ◆ frightened / scared / terrified out of your wits ◆ frightened / scared to death ■ afraid [not before noun ] feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen 害怕；擔心（不好的事會發生） ◆ There's nothing to be afraid of.沒什麽可怕的。 ◆ Aren't you afraid (that) you'll fall?你不擔心會跌倒嗎？ ◆ Don't be afraid to ask if you don't understand.要是不懂，盡管問好了。 OPP unafraid ⓘ Unafraid is rather formal and only used in written English; it is much more frequent to say not afraid . * unafraid相當正式，只用於書面語，更常用not afraid ◆ I'm not afraid of you!我不怕你！ ◆ (formal , written ) He felt calm and unafraid.他既不慌張也不害怕。 ■ frightened feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen 害怕的；擔心的 ◆ a frightened child受了驚嚇的小孩 ◆ She was frightened that the glass would break.她擔心玻璃會破碎。 ◆ I'm frightened for him (= for example, that he will be hurt) .我擔心他的安危。 frighten ⇨ frighten , frightening ⇨ frightening , fright ⇨ fear noun ■ scared (informal ) feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen 害怕的；擔心的 ◆ The thieves got scared and ran away.小偷害怕了，就跑掉了。 ◆ a very scared face / expression驚恐的臉／表情 scare ⇨ frighten , scary ⇨ frightening NOTE 辨析 Scared is more informal, more common in speech, and often describes small fears. * scared較非正式，更常見於日常口語，指有點害怕。 Afraid cannot come before a noun. * afraid不用於名詞前 ◆ an afraid child It can only take the preposition of , not about . * afraid只能與介詞of搭配，不與about搭配。 If you are afraid/frightened/scared of sb/sth/doing sth or afraid/frightened/scared to do sth , you think you are in danger of being hurt or suffering in some way. If you are frightened/scared about sth/doing sth , it is less a fear for your personal safety and more a worry that sth unpleasant might happen. * be afraid/frightened/scared of sb/sth/doing sth或be afraid/frightened/scared to do sth均表示擔心會受到傷害或受苦。be frightened/scared about sth/doing sth很少指擔心個人安全，多指害怕發生不快的事情 ◆ frightened about the exam tomorrow害怕明天的考試 ◆ frightened of the exam tomorrow ■ terrified ˈterɪfaɪd very frightened 恐懼的；很害怕的 ◆ I was terrified (that) she wouldn't come.我真害怕她不會來了。 ◆ She looked at him with wide, terrified eyes.她睜大驚恐的眼睛看着他。 terror ⇨ fear noun , terrify ⇨ frighten , terrifying ⇨ frightening ■ alarmed [not before noun ] afraid that sth dangerous or unpleasant might happen 擔心，害怕（危險或不快的事情發生） ◆ She was alarmed at the prospect of travelling alone.她一想到要獨自旅行就害怕。 alarm ⇨ fear noun , alarm ⇨ frighten verb ■ fearful (formal ) afraid and nervous 害怕的；憂慮的 ◆ Fearful of an attack, the government declared a state of emergency.政府擔心遭到襲擊，宣布進入緊急狀態。 ◆ Parents are ever fearful for their children.父母總是爲子女擔憂。 OPP fearless ⇨ brave fear ⇨ fear noun ▸ fearfully ◆ We watched fearfully.我們憂心忡忡地觀察着。 ■ paranoid ˈpærənɔɪd (informal ) afraid or suspicious of other people and believing that they are trying to harm you, in a way that is not reasonable 多疑的；妄想被害的 ◆ She's getting really paranoid about what other people say about her.她真的越來越猜疑别人對她有什麽議論了。 ◆ You're just being paranoid.你這是瞎疑心。 paranoia ⇨ fear noun ■ intimidated ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪtɪd [not before noun ] (formal ) feeling frightened and not confident in a particular situation 膽怯；怯場 ◆ We try to make sure children don't feel intimidated on their first day at school.我們努力確保孩子在上學的第一天不膽怯。 intimidate ⇨ threaten 1 ■ startled suddenly frightened or surprised 嚇一跳的；驚嚇的；震驚的 ◆ She looked at him with startled eyes.她用吃驚的目光看着他。 ◆ He seemed startled to see me.他看見我顯得很驚訝。 startle ⇨ surprise verb ■ petrified ˈpetrɪfaɪd extremely frightened, especially so that you cannot move or do anything 恐慌的；驚呆的 ◆ I'm petrified of snakes.我特别害怕蛇。 ◆ They were petrified with fear.他們都嚇呆了。
adjective
| startled | ➔ | afraid | ➔ | terrified | ➔ | petrified |
| alarmed | frightened | |||||
| intimidated | scared | |||||
| fearful | ||||||
| paranoid |
rather
rather
adverb
rather
rather
afraid
Afraid and frightened: afraid, frightened, scared...
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