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BNC: 1562 COCA: 1400

afraid

a·fraid /əˈfreɪd/ ●●● S1 W2 adjectiveadj [not before noun]  
1  FRIGHTENEDfrightened because you think that you may get hurt or that something bad may happen 害怕的，恐惧的 SYN scared
be/feel afraid
 There’s no need to be afraid.
没有必要害怕。
afraid of something
5 kids who are afraid of the dark
怕黑的孩子
n Many children are afraid of the dark.
nafraid of somebody
n I was a little afraid of him when I first met him.
afraid of doing something
5 He was afraid of being caught by the police.
他怕被警察抓住。
n Some old people are afraid of going out alone.
afraid to do something
 Zoe was afraid to go back into the house.
佐伊有点害怕回到那幢房子里。
► see thesaurus at frightened
 Register
In everyday English, people often say scared rather than afraid: 在日常英语中，人们一般说scared，而不说afraid
I’m scared of heights.
我恐高。
2  WORRIEDworried that something bad will happen as a result of your actions 担心的，忧虑的
afraid (that)
 He was afraid that the other kids would laugh at him.
他担心其他孩子会嘲笑他。
n She was half afraid that he would say no (=a little afraid).
afraid of doing something
 I didn’t tell her because I was afraid of upsetting her.
我没有告诉她，因为怕她不高兴。
afraid of something
 The government was afraid of the reaction from the public.
政府担心民众强烈抗议。
afraid to do something
 Don’t be afraid to ask for help.
不要怕寻求帮助。
3  afraid for somebody/something worried that something bad may happen to a particular person or thing 为某人/某事担心
 Her father looked ill and she was suddenly afraid for him.
她父亲似乎不舒服，她一下子为他担心起来。
 Many of us were afraid for our jobs.
我们许多人为自己的工作担心。
Examples from the Corpus
afraid for somebody/something• Louise said Harry made her afraid for her personal safety around the house.
4  I’m afraid spokenFRIGHTENED used to politely tell someone something that may annoy, upset, or disappoint them 恐怕，很遗憾
 That’s the most we can offer you, I’m afraid.
恐怕我们最多只能给你这些了。
I’m afraid (that)
 I’m afraid you’ve come to the wrong address.
恐怕你找错地址了。
 ‘Is she very ill?’ ‘I’m afraid so (=yes).’
“她病得很厉害吗？”“恐怕是的。”
 ‘Did you see him?’ ‘I’m afraid not (=no).’
“你见到他了吗？”“很遗憾，没有。”
Examples from the Corpus
I’m afraid not• "Have you got change for £20?" "No, I'm afraid not."• "Are you coming to the barbecue tomorrow?'' "No, I'm afraid not. I've promised to go and see my Mum.''
5 GRAMMAR 语法
Afraid to do something means 'unwilling to do something, because you are frightened or worried' afraid to do something的意思是害怕做某事
They are afraid to express their political views.
他们不敢表达自己的政治观点。
Afraid of doing something can also mean this afraid of doing something也有此含义
When I was a child, I was afraid of going to sleep.
我小时候害怕睡觉。
However, it more often means 'frightened or worried that something might happen as a result of your action' 但它更多的时候是“担心会发生某事”的意思
They were afraid of damaging their careers.
他们担心会毁掉自己的事业。
n GRAMMAR: Comparison
afraid, frightened, scared
You feel afraid of someone or something:
A lot of people are afraid of snakes.
✗Don’t say: afraid about something
You feel afraid to do something:
I was afraid to tell anyone.
You can use the same patterns with frightened and scared:
I was frightened of my father.
She was too scared to talk.
worried
You feel worried about someone or something:
I was worried about my father.
You feel worried by something that has happened:
Many people were worried by the news.
Examples from the Corpus
afraid• Now that he could do nothing, he felt afraid.• I could see she was afraid.• For centuries, no one had come along who could make him afraid.• Billy was afraid his aunt would punish him if he owned up.• I am afraid I don't know his second name, but I have been his friend since he was a boy.• Don't be afraid. I won't hurt you.• I didn't tell anyone, because I was afraid of being punished.• I have learned not to be afraid of fire.• He had a terrible temper and everyone was afraid of him.• It's amazing how many people are afraid of spiders.• We were afraid that this proud and energetic man might be forced to lie there paralyzed and helpless until his death.• I am afraid there will be a good deal of suffering among the poor this winter.• She was afraid to speak up in front of all these important people.• He was not afraid to throw less-touted Charlie Garner into the running-back mix.• I was afraid to turn around and look at all the others being kept out.
afraid to do something• We have been all around Britain to put to them the intimate questions teachers and parents were too afraid to ask.• She was tense, almost afraid to breathe, almost afraid to meet his gaze.• Most women are basically too afraid to leave.• Could he be afraid to put them into words?• Bennett called her chicken, said she was afraid to race the newcomer.• Maybe-and this he feared more than anything-he would be afraid to seize such a moment when it came.• Gays afraid to speak out thank her for speaking for them.• We were afraid to use the buckets behind one of the partitions as we did during the air raids.
afraid to do something• We have been all around Britain to put to them the intimate questions teachers and parents were too afraid to ask.• She was tense, almost afraid to breathe, almost afraid to meet his gaze.• Most women are basically too afraid to leave.• Could he be afraid to put them into words?• Bennett called her chicken, said she was afraid to race the newcomer.• Maybe-and this he feared more than anything-he would be afraid to seize such a moment when it came.• Gays afraid to speak out thank her for speaking for them.• We were afraid to use the buckets behind one of the partitions as we did during the air raids.
Origin afraid
(1300-1400) Past participle of affray “to frighten” ((14-19 centuries)), from Old French affreer; → AFFRAY
a·fraid adjectiveadj →5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
→REGISTER1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
BNC: 1562 COCA: 1400
afraid

adjective

VERBS | ADVERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES VERBS➤be, feel害怕；感到畏懼▸➤look, seem, sound看上去害怕；好像擔心；聽起來害怕▸➤become, grow害怕起來；變得擔心▸➤make sb使某人畏懼◇What has made you so deeply afraid of your boss?是什麼讓你這麼害怕你的老闆？ADVERB➤extremely, rather, very極其／相當／非常害怕➤deeply, desperately, mortally, terribly十分害怕；怕得要死；極其恐懼➤really, truly的確／確實非常害怕▸➤almost幾乎害怕◇She was tense, almost afraid to open the letter.她很緊張，幾乎害怕打開那封信。➤a little, slightly, etc.有點兒／略有些害怕▸➤half有點兒害怕◇He was half afraid to look at her.他有點兒害怕看她。➤just, simply只是害怕◇You do know, don't you? You are just afraid to tell me.你知道，對吧？你只是不敢告訴我。➤genuinely真的害怕➤suddenly突然害怕起來◇He stopped abruptly, suddenly afraid to say the words out loud.他一下子停住了，突然害怕大聲說出那些話。➤physically身體上表現出恐懼PREPOSITION➤for為⋯擔憂◇Roger was very afraid for her.羅傑非常擔心她。➤of害怕⋯◇Charlie is afraid of marriage.查利害怕婚姻。PHRASES➤nothing to be afraid of沒什麼可怕的◇Don't worry. There's nothing to be afraid of.別擔心，沒什麼可怕的。
BNC: 1562 COCA: 1400
afraid adj.
⇨ afraid (afraid of the dark) ⇨ I'm afraid ⇨ sorryafraid

adjective

  ➡ See also the entry for worried 另见worried条afraid ♦︎ frightened ♦︎ scared ♦︎ terrified ♦︎ alarmed ♦︎ fearful ♦︎ paranoid ♦︎ intimidated ♦︎ startled ♦︎ petrifiedThese words all describe feeling or showing fear. 这些词均表示害怕、惧怕。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达害怕的程度
startled➔afraid➔terrified➔petrified
alarmedfrightened
intimidatedscared
fearful
paranoid
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆frightened / scared / fearful / paranoid about sth◆afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / fearful / petrified of sb / sth◆terrified / alarmed / intimidated / startled by sb / sth◆afraid / frightened for sb◆afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / fearful / petrified that...◆afraid / frightened / scared to do sth◆Don't be afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / intimidated.◆There's no need to be afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / paranoid / intimidated.◆to feel afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / paranoid / terrified / petrified◆to look afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / alarmed / startled / petrified◆to sound afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / alarmed◆to get frightened / scared / paranoid◆frightened / scared / terrified out of your wits◆frightened / scared to death■ afraid [not before noun] feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen 害怕；担心（不好的事会发生）◆There's nothing to be afraid of.没什么可怕的。◆Aren't you afraid (that) you'll fall?你不担心会跌倒吗？◆Don't be afraid to ask if you don't understand.要是不懂，尽管问好了。OPP unafraid ⓘ Unafraid is rather formal and only used in written English; it is much more frequent to say not afraid. * unafraid相当正式，只用于书面语，更常用not afraid◆I'm not afraid of you!我不怕你！◆ (rather formal, written) He felt calm and unafraid.他既不慌张也不害怕。 ■ frightened feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen 害怕的；担心的◆a frightened child受了惊吓的小孩◆She was frightened that the glass would break.她担心玻璃会破碎。◆I'm frightened for him (= for example, that he will be hurt).我担心他的安危。   see also frighten ⇨ frighten , frightening ⇨ frightening , fright ⇨ fear noun ■ scared (rather informal) feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen 害怕的；担心的◆The thieves got scared and ran away.小偷害怕了，就跑掉了。◆a very scared face / expression惊恐的脸／表情  see also scare ⇨ frighten , scary ⇨ frightening NOTE 辨析 Afraid, frightened or scared? Scared is more informal, more common in speech, and often describes small fears. * scared较非正式，更常见于日常口语，指有点害怕。 Afraid cannot come before a noun. * afraid不用于名词前◆an afraid child It can only take the preposition of, not about. * afraid只能与介词of搭配，不与about搭配。If you are afraid/frightened/scared of sb/sth/doing sth or afraid/frightened/scared to do sth, you think you are in danger of being hurt or suffering in some way. If you are frightened/scared about sth/doing sth, it is less a fear for your personal safety and more a worry that sth unpleasant might happen. * be afraid/frightened/scared of sb/sth/doing sth或be afraid/frightened/scared to do sth均表示担心会受到伤害或受苦。be frightened/scared about sth/doing sth很少指担心个人安全，多指害怕发生不快的事情◆frightened about the exam tomorrow害怕明天的考试◆frightened of the exam tomorrow ■ terrified ˈterɪfaɪd very frightened 恐惧的；很害怕的◆I was terrified (that) she wouldn't come.我真害怕她不会来了。◆She looked at him with wide, terrified eyes.她睁大惊恐的眼睛看着他。  see also terror ⇨ fear noun , terrify ⇨ frighten , terrifying ⇨ frightening ■ alarmed [not before noun] afraid that sth dangerous or unpleasant might happen 担心，害怕（危险或不快的事情发生）◆She was alarmed at the prospect of travelling alone.她一想到要独自旅行就害怕。   see also alarm ⇨ fear noun , alarm ⇨ frighten verb ■ fearful (formal) afraid and nervous 害怕的；忧虑的◆Fearful of an attack, the government declared a state of emergency.政府担心遭到袭击，宣布进入紧急状态。◆Parents are ever fearful for their children.父母总是为子女担忧。 OPP fearless ⇨ brave   see also fear ⇨ fear noun ▸ fearfully

adverb

◆We watched fearfully.我们忧心忡忡地观察着。■ paranoid ˈpærənɔɪd (rather informal) afraid or suspicious of other people and believing that they are trying to harm you, in a way that is not reasonable 多疑的；妄想被害的◆She's getting really paranoid about what other people say about her.她真的越来越猜疑别人对她有什么议论了。◆You're just being paranoid.你这是瞎疑心。   see also paranoia ⇨ fear noun ■ intimidated ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪtɪd [not before noun] (rather formal) feeling frightened and not confident in a particular situation 胆怯；怯场◆We try to make sure children don't feel intimidated on their first day at school.我们努力确保孩子在上学的第一天不胆怯。   see also intimidate ⇨ threaten 1 ■ startled suddenly frightened or surprised 吓一跳的；惊吓的；震惊的◆She looked at him with startled eyes.她用吃惊的目光看着他。◆He seemed startled to see me.他看见我显得很惊讶。   see also startle ⇨ surprise verb ■ petrified ˈpetrɪfaɪd extremely frightened, especially so that you cannot move or do anything 恐慌的；惊呆的◆I'm petrified of snakes.我特别害怕蛇。◆They were petrified with fear.他们都吓呆了。
BNC: 1562 COCA: 1400
afraid
Afraid and frightened: afraid, frightened, scared...

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