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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1339 COCA: 1598

complex

Word family 
Related topics: Grammar
com·plex1 /ˈkɒmpleks $ ˌkɑːmˈpleks◂/ ●●○ W2 AWL adjectiveadj  
1  COMPLICATEDconsisting of many different parts and often difficult to understand 复杂的；难以理解的〔指由许多不同的部分或过程所构成〕 SYN complicated OPP simple
 a complex system of highways
复杂的公路网
 Photosynthesis is a highly complex process.
光合作用是一个非常复杂的过程。
 Peter seemed to have an instant understanding of the most complex issues.
再复杂的问题彼得似乎也是一看就明白。
 It was a very complex relationship between two complex people.
这是两个复杂的人之间非常复杂的关系。
► see thesaurus at complicated
2. SLG technical a complex word or sentence contains a main part and one or more other parts 〔词、句〕复合的 → compound
Examples from the Corpus
complex• The chemical processes involved in the experiment are extremely complex.• Alcohol is actually much more complex.• Yet not only was the urban population rapidly increasing, it was becoming ever more complex and articulate.• The issues here are complex and evolving.• During the past decade fundraisers' search for new donors has been increasingly complex and expensive.• And as I mentioned earlier, the social laws are more complex and less certain than the natural ones.• It is for building more and more complex bodies.• So the simplest explanation is the one that can include the whole range of complex elements within one integral and harmonious scheme.• Few people understand the complex issues of environmental science.• a complex mathematical formula• There is a complex network of roads connecting the two cities.• a complex personality• The seminar focuses on the complex relationship between government, the military, and the media.• Of course this is not necessarily the case in a more complex setting such as memory for driving situations.
highly complex• Technology transfer is highly complex and often misunderstood.• Some of the problems are highly complex and unique in that lives are at stake depending on their successful resolution.• The Aborigines have a highly complex civilization, one that has existed for 60,000 years.• All the evidence points to dreaming being a highly complex cognitive activity.• The establishment of a new political system based on law was a highly complex matter and needed careful consideration, he said.• However, most of these methods paid insufficient attention to the highly complex nature of landscape values, while overemphasizing scenic attractiveness.• Social psychology is clearly another large and highly complex topic.• But the components for Worldwide Plaza were already highly complex when they arrived on site.
Related topics: Buildings, Psychology, psychiatry
com·plex2 /ˈkɒmpleks $ ˈkɑːm-/ ●●○ AWL noun [countableC]  
1  TBBa group of buildings, or a large building with many parts, used for a particular purpose 〔有特定用途的〕综合楼群，综合大楼
 The town has one of the best leisure complexes in the country.
该镇拥有全国最好的娱乐休闲广场之一。
 a three-story apartment complex
三层的综合公寓大楼
2  a complex of something formalGROUP OF THINGS a large number of things which are closely related 〔某物的〕复合体，集合体，综合体
 China was a complex of different societies.
中国是一个复杂的多元社会。
Examples from the Corpus
a complex of something• In this light, a novel is not a single discourse, but a complex of many discourses.• They are dominated by a complex of chalk-rich till with many bodies of sand and gravel.• However, this does not mean that pentecostalism does not embody a complex of religious ideas and insights.• Some say they formed a complex of sites for religious rituals.• Now a state historic park, Fort Ross is a complex of reconstructed buildings situated on the headlands overlooking the ocean.• And this means the biosphere itself, a complex of interrelating systems that creates physical life as we know and love it.• The dig revealed a complex of three separate setts within the 2m-deep soil.• Now the Victors have replaced that living-room-turned-office of thirty-two years ago with a complex of offices and meeting rooms.
3  MPWORRIEDan emotional problem in which someone is unnecessarily anxious about something or thinks too much about something 情结；过度的情绪反应
 I used to have a complex about my looks.
我以前总是纠结于自己的长相。
→ inferiority complex, Oedipus complex, persecution complex
n COLLOCATIONS
types of complex
a leisure complex (=where you can play sports or relax)
The new leisure complex includes a swimming pool, a sauna and a gym.
a shopping complex
Some old buildings were pulled down to make space for a new shopping complex.
a sports complex
The sports complex also has six tennis courts.
an entertainment complex (=with cinemas, restaurants and other places to go)
There are plans for an entertainment complex with cinemas and a bowling alley.
a holiday complex (=one where people go for holidays)
The lively holiday complex has plenty of nightclubs, bars, and restaurants.
a housing/residential complex (=for people to live in)
Architects designed the residential complexes near the beach.
a retail/commercial complex (=for shops, businesses, or industries)
a ten-screen movie theater and retail complex
an office/museum/hospital etc complex
a 120-acre office complex near Las Vegas
an apartment complex American EnglishAmE
a luxury apartment complex on Fulton Street
Examples from the Corpus
complex• I don't think you fully understood the complexity of his argument.• Schneider manages an apartment complex in suburban Denver.• Driving through the mine is like visiting some futuristic industrial complex on another planet.• The military-industrial complex has been analysed from both of these perspectives.• Middlesbrough Council says the £1.2m Anchor International complex will provide 30 jobs and a valuable community facility.• Papp turned the old library into a huge six-screen movie complex.• Selection can be simple, based on the value of one key, or complex, based on a number of keys.• DNA-protein complexes were analysed on 5% polyacrylamide gels.• I call it the Stalingrad complex.• First, I would change the date to June 30 as a reminder of Tunguska and the Taurid complex.• The underground complex had been built in summer, the construction teams working in three shifts round the dock.
leisure complexes• Nowadays, prisons are like leisure complexes, with snooker tables and televisions.• For clubs in decent pitches though, offices or leisure complexes on part of their land can also provide cash.
Origin complex1
(1600-1700) Latin complexus, past participle of complecti “to include (many different things)”, from com- ( → COM-) + plectere ( → PLEXUS)
com·plex1 adjectiveadjcom·plex2 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1339 COCA: 1598
complex

noun¹

 1set of buildings一組建築ADJECTIVE | VERB + COMPLEX ADJECTIVE➤huge, large, vast巨大的建築群▸➤entertainment, holiday, leisure, shopping, sports娛樂中心；度假區；休閒娛樂中心；購物中心；體育中心➤apartment, factory, hospital, housing, museum, office公寓樓群；廠區；醫院綜合樓；住宅區；博物館樓群；辦公樓群➤industrial, military工業區；軍事區VERB + COMPLEX➤build修建綜合場所
complex

noun²

 2mental/emotional problem精神／感情問題ADJECTIVE | VERB + COMPLEX | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤real, terrible嚴重的／可怕的情結▸➤inferiority, superiority自卑感；優越感▸➤castration, guilt, Oedipus, persecution閹割情結；負罪感；戀母情結；受迫害妄想症VERB + COMPLEX➤have, suffer from有⋯情結；受⋯情結困擾▸➤develop, get形成情結◇Don't nag him about his handwriting or he'll get a complex.別總是指責他的書寫，要不然他一寫字就緊張。➤give sb令某人產生心理症結PREPOSITION➤complex about關於⋯的情緒誇大反應◇She has a complex about her big ears.她總是為自己的兩隻大耳朵感到不安。
complex

adjective

VERBS | ADVERB VERBS➤be, look, seem, sound複雜；看上去難懂；好像令人費解；聽起來複雜▸➤become變得複雜ADVERB➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.極其／相當／非常複雜▸➤enormously, exceedingly, extraordinarily, highly, hugely, immensely, incredibly, infinitely極其／出奇地／特別／高度／非常／無比／令人難以置信地／極度複雜◇This is a highly complex matter.這件事非常複雜。➤especially, exceptionally, particularly尤其／異常／特別複雜▸➤increasingly越來越複雜▸➤relatively相對複雜▸➤surprisingly出奇地複雜▸➤unnecessarily不必要地複雜▸➤technically技術上複雜◇technically complex surgery技術上複雜的外科手術
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1339 COCA: 1598
complex noun
⇨ building (a shopping complex) ⇨ obsession (a guilt complex) complex

adjective

complex ♦︎ complicated ♦︎ elaborate ♦︎ intricate ♦︎ tortuous ♦︎ involved ♦︎ convoluted ♦︎ tangledThese words all describe sth that has many parts or details and is difficult to understand. 这些词均表示复杂的、难懂的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a complex / a complicated / an elaborate / an intricate system◆a complex / a complicated / an elaborate / an intricate / a convoluted story / plot◆a complex / a complicated / an elaborate / an intricate design / structure / network◆a complex / a complicated / an intricate / a tangled web / relationship◆complex / complicated / elaborate machinery◆a complex / complicated / tortuous process◆extremely complex / complicated / elaborate / intricate / involved◆highly complex / complicated / elaborate / intricate■ complex made of many different things or parts that are connected; difficult to understand 复杂的；难懂的；费解的◆This is a highly complex matter.这是一件非常复杂的事情。◆The mechanism involves a complex arrangement of rods and cogs.那个机械装置里杆和齿轮的布局很复杂。◆She managed to put over a fairly complex argument in a brilliantly simple way.她设法用极为简洁的方式将一个相当复杂的论证阐释清楚。OPP simple ⇨ easy 1 ■ complicated ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd; NAmE ˈkɑːmplɪkeɪtɪdcomplex 复杂的；难懂的；费解的◆The instructions look very complicated.这些操作指南看起来很难懂。◆This is where the story gets complicated.事情在这里变得复杂起来。◆It's all very complicated－but I'll try and explain.尽管这一切都很难理解，但我会尽力解释。OPP uncomplicated , straightforward ⇨ easy 1   see also complication ⇨ problem NOTE 辨析 Complex or complicated?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆a complex / complicated problem复杂的问题◆complex / complicated instructions复杂的操作指南 Complicated is used slightly more in conversation and to describe everyday situations. * complicated稍多用于谈话中，描述日常情况◆I'll send you map of how to get here. It's a bit too complicated to describe.我会把怎么到这里的地图发给你，这说起来有点复杂。 Complex is used slightly more in written English to describe serious, academic, scientific or technical issues. * complex稍多用于书面语，描述严肃的、学术的、科学或技术问题◆a complex mathematical equation / formula复杂的数学方程式／公式Both words can describe sth that is difficult to understand because of its nature or design. Complicated is often used to describe a situation that has become less simple, more messy and more difficult to understand or deal with over time because of events, changes or problems. 两个词均可指某事物因其性质或设计而难以理解。complicated常用来描述某种情况随着时间的推移，因发生事件、变化或问题而变得不那么简单、更加麻烦、更难以理解或处理。 ■ elaborate ɪˈlæbərət [usually before noun] having a lot of different parts and small details; carefully prepared and organized 复杂而精细的；详尽的；精心制作的◆The ceiling was tiled in an elaborate pattern.天花板的铺设做得很精致。◆She had prepared a very elaborate meal.她已经做了一顿精美的饭菜。◆This elaborate deception fooled his family for ages.这个精心设计的骗局愚弄了他家很长时间。OPP simple ⇨ easy 1 ■ intricate ˈɪntrɪkət having a lot of different parts and small details that fit together 错综复杂的◆The building has intricate geometric designs on several of the walls.这一建筑物的几面墙上有复杂的几何图案。◆It is difficult to describe the intricate network of loyalties and relationships.很难描述这个忠义与人情交织、错综复杂的关系网。▸ intricately

adverb

◆intricately carved / decorated / patterned精雕细刻的；精心装饰的；构图精美的■ tortuous ˈtɔːtʃuəs; NAmE ˈtɔːrtʃuəs [usually before noun] (written, usually disapproving) not simple and direct; long, complicated and difficult to understand 拐弯抹角的；含混不清的；冗长费解的◆the long, tortuous process of negotiating peace in the region该地区漫长而曲折的和平谈判过程■ involved having a lot of different parts or stages and difficult to understand or follow 复杂的；难懂的；费解的◆Avoid long, involved debates which could be just delaying tactics.避免长时间复杂的辩论，那可能只是拖延战术。OPP straightforward ⇨ easy 1 ■ convoluted ˈkɒnvəluːtɪd; NAmE ˈkɑːnvəluːtɪd (written, usually disapproving) extremely complicated and difficult to follow, especially more complicated than necessary （过于）错综复杂的，晦涩难懂的◆The book has a rather convoluted plot.这本书的情节过于错综复杂。■ tangled complicated and difficult to understand 复杂的；纠缠不清的◆The series involves the tangled relationships of two London families.这部系列剧是关于伦敦两个家庭之间错综复杂的关系。◆He spent the next few days wrestling with very tangled emotions.他接下来的几天全力解决纠缠不清的情感问题。ⓘ Something which was originally quite simple or straightforward often becomes tangled over time because of changes or problems which together make it more complicated and difficult to understand. * tangled可形容事物起初很简单或易懂，久之因发生各种变化或问题而变得复杂、难以理解。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1339 COCA: 1598
complex
Complicated and difficult to understand: complicated, difficult, complex...
Groups of buildings: barracks, block, centre...
Psychological processes: catharsis, complex, conditioning...
Large amounts or quantities of a specific kind: a froth of something, avalanche, blizzard...

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