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TOEFL BNC: 3592 COCA: 3167

discrimination

Word family 
di·scrim·i·na·tion /dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən/ ●●○ noun [uncountableU]  
1  SARUNFAIRthe practice of treating one person or group differently from another in an unfair way 歧视
 laws to prevent discrimination
防止歧视的法律
discrimination against
 widespread discrimination against older people in the job market
就业市场上普遍存在的对年长求职者的歧视
discrimination in favour of
 discrimination in favour of university graduates
对大学毕业生的优待
racial/sex/religious etc discrimination (=treating someone unfairly because of their race, sex etc) 种族/性别/宗教信仰等歧视
→ positive discrimination, reverse discrimination► see thesaurus at prejudice
2  DECIDEthe ability to recognize the difference between two or more things, especially the difference in their quality 鉴别力，识别力，鉴赏力
 shape discrimination
形状识别力
n COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + discrimination
racial/race discrimination
Laws have been passed banning racial discrimination.
sex/sexual discrimination (also gender discrimination formal)
She claimed she’d been the victim of sex discrimination.
age discrimination
Age discrimination disadvantages older workers.
religious discrimination
There must be an end to religious discrimination.
job/employment discrimination (=not giving someone a job because of their race, sex etc)
Progress has been made in eliminating job discrimination.
workplace discrimination (=at the place where people work)
The new law aims to bring an end to workplace discrimination.
unlawful discrimination (=not allowed by law)
The European Court of Justice decided that she had been the subject of unlawful discrimination.
verbs
experience/face discrimination
Government figures suggest that ethnic minorities face discrimination looking for jobs.
end/outlaw discrimination
The purpose of the law is to end discrimination in the workplace.
phrases
a victim of discrimination (=someone who has experienced discrimination)
Victims of discrimination have the right to make a complaint.
discrimination on the grounds/basis of something
Discrimination on the grounds of nationality is prohibited.
Examples from the Corpus
discrimination• In the past few weeks the government has once again blocked an attempt to give disabled people legal protection against discrimination.• The most common victims of age discrimination are employees in their mid-50s.• He believed his boss had violated the age discrimination law.• Immigrants faced harassment and discrimination, and were paid considerably less than their white colleagues.• In 1974 IBM became the first American company to bar discrimination against gay workers.• The result continues to be discrimination.• The Department was notorious for its blatant discrimination against non-U.S. citizen employees.• No legal framework prevails to enable disabled people to counteract discrimination, unfair employment practices, problems of access, etc.• Federal law forbids discrimination on the basis of race, sex, or color.• It did not outlaw indirect discrimination and indeed the concept of indirect discrimination did not appear in the legislation.• The policy forbids any form of discrimination against gay and lesbian students.• Political repression and racial discrimination were at a high point.• The company was found guilty of racial discrimination, and was ordered to renew Ms. Jayalalitha's employment contract.• a plan to tackle racial discrimination in the police force• racial discrimination• They managed to reform American law, and ban racial and religious discrimination in housing, schools, and the workplace.• White-male fears of reverse discrimination have been widely exaggerated.• a sex discrimination case• Many women still face sex discrimination in the military.• The truth is that social discrimination continues, somewhat attenuated in the North, but hardly at all attenuated in the South.• Laws have got to be tougher to stop discrimination against the disabled.• But unfair discrimination can keep women from the opportunity to become a boss.
racial/sex/religious etc discrimination• Co. have sued the securities firm for alleged racial discrimination over an electronic mailing they said contained racist jokes.• Brown demonstrated that courageous leadership can make a difference in ending racial discrimination, perhaps more so than bureaucratic bean-counting exercises.• Boer nationalism merely erected a massive legislative panoply for racial discrimination.• With the increase came growing racial discrimination and unrest between blacks and whites.• New Hanover executives have denied requests for comment on the charges of racial discrimination.
From Longman Business Dictionary
discriminationdi·scrim·i·na·tion /dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən/ noun [uncountableU]
1ECONOMICS the process of treating one market, country, type of product etc differently from another
the discrimination in favour of imported wine when it comes to excise duty
→ price discrimination
2HUMAN RESOURCESLAWwhen a worker in a company is treated unfairly because of their race, sex, age etc, especially by not being considered for a job. This is illegal in many countries
The survey showed that there was unofficial discrimination against women in the engineering industry.
The Bill prohibits employment discrimination against qualified disabled persons on the grounds of their disability.
→ age discrimination → genetic discrimination → positive discrimination → race discrimination → sex discrimination
di·scrim·i·na·tion noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus

See also: discriminate

TOEFL BNC: 3592 COCA: 3167
discrimination

noun¹

 1treating a person/group unfairly不公平對待ADJECTIVE | ... OF DISCRIMINATION | VERB + DISCRIMINATION | DISCRIMINATION + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤gender, sex, sexual, sexual-orientation (especially NAmE) 性別歧視➤age, class, race, racial年齡歧視；階級歧視；種族歧視▸➤religious, social宗教／社會歧視➤disability殘疾歧視➤pregnancy (especially NAmE) 懷孕歧視➤viewpoint (NAmE) 觀點歧視◇the First Amendment's ban on viewpoint discrimination第一修正案禁止觀點歧視➤widespread廣泛存在的歧視◇There is widespread discrimination against doctors of Asian origin.對亞裔醫生存在着廣泛的歧視。➤active, blatant, direct, overt公然的歧視；顯而易見的歧視；直接的歧視◇evidence of active discrimination against black workers對黑人工人公然歧視的證據➤subtle不易覺察的歧視➤intentional故意的歧視▸➤direct, indirect (both BrE) 直接／間接歧視➤perceived感受到的歧視▸➤positive, reverse (NAmE) 特別照顧；逆向歧視◇positive discrimination in favour of disadvantaged racial groups對弱勢種族的特別照顧◇They claim to be the victims of reverse discrimination.他們聲稱是逆向歧視的受害者。➤illegal, unlawful非法歧視◇Overt sex or race discrimination is illegal.公然的性別或種族歧視是違法的。➤legal法律歧視▸➤employment, job, workplace (especially NAmE) 就業／職業／職場歧視➤housing (NAmE) 住房歧視▸➤government, institutional, institutionalized體制歧視；由來已久的歧視◇institutionalized discrimination against women in the police警界對女性習以為常的歧視... OF DISCRIMINATION➤level歧視程度◇Levels of discrimination against recent immigrants are high.對新移民的歧視很嚴重。VERB + DISCRIMINATION➤amount to, constitute相當於／構成歧視◇Racist remarks by an employer to an employee can amount to unlawful discrimination.雇主對雇員的種族主義言論可以等同於非法歧視。➤encounter, experience, face, suffer, suffer from遭遇／經歷／面臨／遭受／受到⋯的歧視◇Many disabled people suffer discrimination at work.許多殘疾人在工作中遭到歧視。➤practise/practice實行歧視▸➤allege, claim指控／聲稱受到歧視◇lawsuits alleging discrimination控告歧視的訴訟➤be opposed to, combat, fight反對歧視；與歧視作鬥爭➤ban, bar, forbid, outlaw, prohibit禁止歧視；宣佈歧視違法▸➤eliminate, end, stop消除／停止／結束歧視DISCRIMINATION + VERB➤occur歧視出現◇The discrimination occurred at the shortlisting stage, not the interviews.歧視出現在決定入圍名單時，而不是在面試階段。➤exist歧視存在◇Does racial discrimination still exist in the workplace?職場上還存在種族歧視嗎？PREPOSITION➤discrimination against對⋯的歧視◇discrimination against women對女性的歧視➤discrimination by根據⋯的差別對待◇discrimination by age / race根據年齡／種族區別對待➤discrimination in favour/favor of對⋯的優待◇Some companies practise discrimination in favour of older people. (BrE) 有一些公司優待年齡較大的人。◇Some companies practice discrimination in favor of older people. (NAmE) 有一些公司優待年齡較大的人。➤discrimination on the grounds of基於⋯的差別對待◇It's time we banned discrimination on the grounds of age.該是我們禁止年齡歧視的時候了。PHRASES➤an act of discrimination歧視行為▸➤discrimination based on sth基於⋯的歧視◇discrimination based on sexuality基於性別的歧視➤evidence of discrimination歧視的證據➤a form of discrimination歧視的一種形式➤racial and ethnic discrimination (NAmE) 種族和民族歧視◇The law now prohibits racial and ethnic discrimination.法律現在禁止種族和民族歧視。➤a victim of discrimination遭受歧視者
discrimination

noun²

 2ability to recognize differences判斷ADJECTIVE | VERB + DISCRIMINATION | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤fine, great良好的／出色的判別能力➤colour/color顏色區分VERB + DISCRIMINATION➤make作出判別◇Young children find it difficult to make fine discriminations.小孩子很難作出細微的區分。➤show顯示出識別能力◇She showed great discrimination in rejecting the poor quality teas.她在剔除劣質茶方面顯示出高超的鑒別力。PREPOSITION➤discrimination between在⋯之間的辨別◇discrimination between right and wrong分辨是非
TOEFL BNC: 3592 COCA: 3167
discrimination

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for racism 另见racism条discrimination ♦︎ prejudice ♦︎ bias ♦︎ apartheid ♦︎ affirmative action ♦︎ intolerance ♦︎ favouritismThese are all words for the unfair treatment of a particular group in society, for example because of their race, sex or religion. 这些词均表示偏见、歧视。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆discrimination / prejudice / bias / intolerance / favouritism towards / toward sb / sth◆discrimination / prejudice / bias in favour of / against sb / sth◆sexual discrimination / prejudice / bias / apartheid◆racial / religious discrimination / prejudice / bias / intolerance◆race / class / age / political discrimination / prejudice / bias◆blatant / clear discrimination / prejudice / bias◆to have a prejudice / bias◆to show discrimination / prejudice / a bias / intolerance / favouritism◆to fight discrimination / prejudice / apartheid◆to reduce / eliminate discrimination / prejudice / bias■ discrimination dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn [uncountable] (disapproving) unfair treatment of a particular person or group in society, for example because of their race, sex or religion 区别对待；歧视◆This is blatant discrimination against people with disabilities.这是对残疾人的公然歧视。◆Our policy forbids discrimination on the grounds of a person's race, sex or sexuality.我们的政策禁止在种族、性别或性取向上加以歧视。◆ (BrE, approving) Some colleges feel there is a real need for positive discrimination in favour of applicants from poorer backgrounds (= more favourable treatment for that group).有些院校认为确有必要对那些来自较贫困家庭的申请人实行积极的特别照顾。ⓘ In American English this is usually called affirmative action (see below). Reverse discrimination, in both British and American English, is the same policy when it is considered to be a bad thing. 在美式英语中，这种积极的区别对待通常称作affirmative action（见下面的分词条）。如果这种区别对待被看作是一件坏事，英式和美式英语都称之为reverse discrimination◆ (disapproving) The court heard arguments that programs to reserve some public works contracts for minorities cause reverse discrimination.法院听审了有关将公共工程合同预留给少数族裔的方案会造成逆向区别对待的论据。   see also segregation ⇨ division 1 , discriminatory ⇨ biased ▸ discriminate

verb

 [intransitive] ◆practices that discriminate against women歧视妇女的做法◆It is illegal to discriminate on grounds of race, sex or religion.因种族、性别或宗教信仰而进行歧视是违法的。■ prejudice ˈpredʒudɪs [uncountable, countable] (disapproving) an unreasonable dislike or negative attitude towards a particular person or group of people, especially when it is based on their race, religion, sex, etc. （尤指因种族、宗教或性别等形成的）偏见，成见◆Prejudice towards new immigrants meant that many were unable to find work.对新移民的偏见导致他们很多人找不到工作。◆He was just talking out of blind prejudice.他所说的话完全是出于盲目的成见。◆I'm afraid all the debate did was confirm my own prejudices.这次辩论的作用恐怕只是证实了我自己的偏见而已。ⓘ You can also have a prejudice in favour of a particular person or group, but this is less common than its negative meaning. * prejudice也可表示对特定的个人或群体的偏爱，但不如其负面意义常用◆I must admit to a prejudice in favour of British universities.我得承认我对英国大学有所偏爱。   see also prejudiced ⇨ biased ■ bias ˈbaɪəs [uncountable, countable, usually singular] (disapproving) a strong feeling in favour of or against a particular group or side in an argument, often not based on a fair judgement 偏见；偏心；偏向◆There is plenty of evidence of gender bias in the classroom.大量证据表明课堂上存在性别偏见。◆Employers must consider all candidates without bias.雇主必须毫无成见地考虑所有求职者。◆There is a systematic bias in favour of employers in this country.这个国家体制上存在偏袒雇主的问题。  see also biased ⇨ biased ■ apartheid əˈpɑːtaɪt, əˈpɑːteɪt; NAmE əˈpɑːrtaɪt, əˈpɑːrteɪt [uncountable] the former political system in South Africa in which only white people had full political and social rights and other people, especially black people, were forced to live away from white people, go to separate schools, etc. 种族隔离（昔日南非的政治制度）◆Under apartheid, white people were not allowed to marry non-white people.种族隔离制度不允许白人与非白人通婚。◆He was jailed for advocating the violent overthrow of the apartheid system.他因倡导武力推翻种族隔离制度而入狱。ⓘ Although the apartheid system no longer exists in South Africa, the word apartheid is sometimes used about other situations in which one group of people is treated much worse than a more powerful group. 虽然种族隔离制度在南非已不复存在，但apartheid一词有时会用于其他场合，表示某个群体相对于另一更强势的群体而受到严重不公正的待遇◆ (disapproving) It was a system of educational apartheid in which children were divided, at the age of eleven, into 'achievers' and 'non-achievers'.孩子们在11岁时就被划分为成功者和失败者，这是一种教育隔离制度。   see also segregation ⇨ division 1 ■ afˌfirmative ˈaction əˈfɜːmətɪv; NAmE əˈfɜːrmətɪv [uncountable] (usually approving) (in the US) the policy of giving special treatment or preference to members of groups likely to suffer discrimination, especially on the grounds of race 积极区别对待（美国对可能遭受种族歧视的人给予特别照顾的政策）◆The City Council implemented the affirmative action hiring plan in response to critics' charges that the police department did not reflect the city's racial make-up.针对警察局的人员构成不能体现该城市种族结构的批评，市政委员会实施了一项积极区别对待的雇用计划。■ intolerance ɪnˈtɒlərəns; NAmE ɪnˈtɑːlərəns [uncountable] (rather formal, disapproving) the refusal to accept ideas or ways of behaving that are different from your own 偏执；褊狭；不容异见◆Refugees are people whose lives have been shattered by intolerance, persecution, torture and fear of death.所谓难民，就是那些生活被偏执、迫害、折磨和对死亡的恐惧所摧毁的人们。 OPP tolerance ⇨ patience   see also intolerant ⇨ biased ■ favouritism (BrE) (NAmE favoritism) ˈfeɪvərɪtɪzəm [uncountable] (disapproving) a situation in which sb, especially sb in authority, treats one person better than others; the act of doing this 偏爱；偏袒◆She tries not to show any favouritism towards her own children.她尽量不对自己的孩子表现出偏心。
TOEFL BNC: 3592 COCA: 3167
discrimination
Equal rights: human rights, equal, basic...
Intelligence, intuition and ability to understand: intelligence, intuition, intellect...
Knowledge and understanding: knowledge, understanding, information...

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