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IELTS BNC: 139 COCA: 186

case

Word family 
Related topics: Law, Daily life, Tourism, Grammar
ldoce_042_fcase1 /keɪs/ ●●● S1 W1 noun  
1  example 例证 [countableC]EXAMPLE an example of a particular situation or of something happening 事例，实例
case of
 There were 16 cases of damage to cars in the area.
该地区有16起汽车受损事件。
in the case of something
 The amount of fruit in fruit juices must be 6% in the case of berries and 10% in the case of other fruits.
果汁中的水果含量，如果是浆果须占6%，如为其他水果须占10%。
in some/many/most etc cases
 In many cases standards have improved.
在许多情况中标准已经提高了。
 Tom’s career is a case in point (=a clear example of something that you are discussing or explaining).
汤姆的事业就是个明证。
 a classic case (=typical example) of poor design
蹩脚设计的典型例子
► see thesaurus at example →5  See picture of violin case 小提琴盒, briefcase 公文包, glasses case眼镜盒 ...
2  situation 情况 [countableC usually singular]SITUATION a situation that exists, especially as it affects a particular person or group 〔尤指影响某个人或群体的〕状况，情形；场合
in somebody’s case
 Like the others, he produced a written explanation, but in Scott’s case this was a 30-page printed booklet.
斯科特和其他人一样也写了份书面说明，但他的是一本打印出来30页的小册子。
 Changing men’s and women’s traditional roles is not easy, but in our case it has been helpful.
转变男女的传统角色并不容易，但对于我们这个情况来说，这种转变却很有帮助。
it is the case (that)
 It may be the case that the scheme will need more money.
这个计划可能会需要更多的资金。
 We tend to think of these people as untrustworthy, but that is not the case.
我们往往会认为这些人不可靠，但事实并非如此。
in this case
 In this case, several solutions could be tried.
遇到这种情况，可以尝试几种解决办法。
in which case
 He won’t want to eat it unless he’s really hungry, in which case he’ll eat almost anything.
除非很饿，否则他不会吃这东西，一旦饿了他几乎什么都吃。
3  (just) in case 
a) IFas a way of being safe from something that might happen or might be true 以防万一
 Take an umbrella, in case it rains.
带把伞吧，以防下雨。
 He had his camera ready, just in case he saw something that would make a good picture.
他把照相机准备好，万一看到什么值得拍的就可以拍下来。
b) American EnglishAmEIF if 如果，假使
 In case I’m late, start without me.
假如我来晚了，你们就别等我先开始吧。
5 GRAMMAR 语法
In case is followed by the simple present, the simple past, or ‘should’. in case 后面跟一般现在时、一般过去时或should
Write it down in case you forget (NOT 不说 in case you will forget).
写下来，免得你忘了。
They locked themselves in their houses in case there was (NOT 不说 would be) more trouble.
他们把自己锁在家里，以防还会有麻烦。
Here’s a contact number, in case there should (NOT 不说 will/would) be a problem.
万一出现什么问题，可以打这个联络电话。
n GRAMMAR: Choosing the right tense
Use the simple present tense with in case to talk about a possible future event. Don’t use ‘will’. You say:
Write it down in case you forget.
写下来，免得你忘了。
✗Don’t say: in case you will forget
Use the simple past tense with in case when talking about the past. Don’t use ‘would’. You say:
I took my umbrella in case it rained.
✗Don’t say: in case it would rain
In more formal English, you can say in case something should happen:
Here’s a contact number, in case there should be a problem.
万一出现什么问题，可以打这个联络电话。
Examples from the Corpus
(just) in case• In case you missed the last program, here's a summary of the story.• In case a dish fails to appease a customer, Steve Carrasco can always make a flying getaway.• In case you're wondering-for the hospital form-this is how you spell tetanus.• A few latecomers are nosing gloomily around in case the professionals have left anything worth having.• Deep tendon reflexes are usually diminished, but in cases with prominent lateral column disease may be hyperactive with extensor plantar reflexes.• Viral cultures during an attack will give the diagnosis in cases such as these.• They had delivered the correct total quantity of tins but half of them were packed in cases of 24 tins each.• There are spare batteries in there, in case you need them.• Not typical in cases like this.• How can an individual get permission to photocopy or videotape in cases where there is no fair use exception?
4  in any case BUTwhatever happens or happened 无论如何，不管怎样
Examples from the Corpus
in any case• Roxborough was a colleague not a friend; and, in any case, Pascoe wanted no-one's company but his own.• And in any case, the more that people take out, the more can be put in.• Under political pressure, and inpart because the banks are in any case controlled by their customers, the banks usually comply.• None of us here has ever been bitten, but in any case the spider's bite is not very poisonous.• About the necessity and effectiveness of surgeries there can in any case be reservations.• It was always easier to wind down at home, in any case.• It is in any case interesting that one from outside the circle of the Seven Houses can rise so high.• Lil in any case has a breakfast meeting with those Fox Ghosts I saw snooping around Mephistco on my last trip back.• Actually, the public is not very interested in the issue right now in any case.
5  in that case IFif that is the situation 既然那样，那样的话
Examples from the Corpus
in that case• And in that case the epistemological asymmetry which depends on it falls to the ground.• Before the appeal in that case came before your Lordships' House, the Conforama and Marchandise decisions were published.• Tizhe and his partners were arrested in that case last year.• But in that case why had he insisted that she come?• Even in that case, though, it is doubtful that Black could have obtained serious winning prospects.• A trial in that case is scheduled to begin in Houston on April 8.• "I'll be home late tonight." "Well, in that case, I won't cook dinner."• Well, in that case, he told himself, there are ways of quieting kids down.• Well, in that case, there's no more to be said.
6  reason/argument 理由/论据 [countableC usually singular]PROVE a set of reasons why something should happen or be done 理由，论据
7  law/crime 法律/罪行 [countableC]
8  box/container 箱子/容器 [countableC]
9  it’s a case of something spokenTRUE used before describing a situation 情况是…，问题是…
Examples from the Corpus
it’s a case of something• It's a case of pushing the float up until it holds and doesn't drag under.• But it's a case of when you're down, anything goes.• Police say they're almost certain it's a case of murder followed by suicide.• Clearly it's a case of the further the distance, the better Captain Dibble gets.• Maybe it's a case of all these important people getting free drinks in the George Best Suite after the match.• Really it's a case of head versus heart.• I think it's a case of what we have, we hold.• Overall, though, it's a case of spreading a good idea a little too thinly this time around.
10  disease 疾病 [countableC] an example of a disease or a person who has a disease 病例，病案
11  in case of something IFused to describe what you should do in a particular situation, especially on official notices 要是…，在…的时候〔尤用于官方告示〕
Examples from the Corpus
in case of something• In case of fire, break the glass and push the alarm button.• He seized the assets of all those he held, doubtless exceeding his authority in cases of the very wealthy.• Does not the court indicate that it is necessary to inquire into the adequacy of the consideration in cases of this type?• It was held that the contract requirement that they be packed in cases of 30 was part of the contract description.• Mubsan is a legal concept; it comes into play in cases of adultery, where it can increase the penalty.• But buy some reserve seeds in case of crop failures or for successive sowings of fast-maturing varieties such as lettuce and radishes.• They also requisitioned rice, storing it for their troops in case of Allied landings.• The time has come when, in cases of new import, we should decide them according to the reason of the thing.• At the same time, fever can make us worse in cases of widespread blood infection, or sepsis.
12  grammar 语法 [countableC, uncountableU]SLG technical the way in which the form of a word changes, showing its relationship to other words in a sentence 格
13  be on somebody’s case informalCRITICIZE to be criticizing someone constantly 数落某人
Examples from the Corpus
be on somebody’s case• Dad's always on my case about getting a job.• First you are on this case, then you are off.• In fact there was not much of a feeling that anyone was on my case at all.• And the National Guard were on the case now.• I dreamed I was on a case.• But Jack MacFarland was on the case.• Around 50 police officers are on the case.• And Rathbone would be on the case, with his bloodhound and magnifying glass.
14. be on the case spoken if someone says they are on the case, they know about a problem and are going to try to solve it 负责处理某问题，负责解决某事
Examples from the Corpus
be on the case• And the National Guard were on the case now.• But Jack MacFarland was on the case.• Around 50 police officers are on the case.• And Rathbone would be on the case, with his bloodhound and magnifying glass.
15  get off my case spokenCRITICIZE used to tell someone to stop criticizing you or complaining about you 别再批评[埋怨]我了
Examples from the Corpus
get off my case• OK, OK, just get off my case, will you?
16. person 人 [countableC] someone who is being dealt with by a doctor, a social worker, the police etc 病人，患者；社会工作者的工作对象；由警方监管的人 → basket case, lower case, nutcase, → I rest my case at rest2(9), → upper case
 COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 7a:
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + case
a court case 官司
There was a lot of publicity surrounding the court case.
关于这场官司有很多报道。
a murder case 凶杀案
He had been a witness in a murder case.
他是一场凶杀案的目击者。
a libel case (=against someone who has written a bad statement about someone else) 诽谤案
damages awarded by juries in libel cases
诽谤案中陪审团判处的损害赔偿金
a criminal case 刑事案件
It was the longest and most expensive criminal case in US history.
这是美国史上历时最久、耗费最大的刑事官司。
a civil case (=not a criminal case) 民事案件
nHe is involved with civil cases, not criminal ones.
a test case (=one that will establish a principle for the first time) 判例案件
nIf the dispute goes to court it could be an important test case.
a landmark case (=one that established a principle for the first time) 指导性案件,标志性判例
na landmark case about copyright protection for computer software
a high-profile case (=one that gets a lot of attention) 备受瞩目的官司
na defense lawyer who has handled some high-profile cases
verbs
bring a case (against somebody) 起诉（某人）
There was not enough evidence to bring a case against him.
没有足够证据起诉他。
hear/try a case (=listen to the evidence before making a judgment) 审理案件
The case will be heard by a federal judge.
这起案件将由联邦法官审理。
win/lose a case (=be successful or unsuccessful in proving someone guilty or not guilty) 打赢/打输官司
Lomax was a brilliant lawyer who had never lost a case.
洛马克斯是一名优秀的律师，他从没输过官司。
settle a case (=end it finally) 结案
He paid a $15,000 fine to settle the case.
他支付了15,000美元罚金了结此案。
adjourn a case (=stop it for a short time) 暂停审理案件
The case was adjourned until next month for further reports.
案件审理延至下月，等待进一步的调查报告。
dismiss/throw out a case (=officially stop it from continuing) 驳回案件
nThe case was thrown out by New York state’s highest court.
drop a case (=not continue with it) 撤诉
nThe case was dropped because of a lack of evidence.
a case comes/goes to court 案件被法庭受理
nWhen the case finally came to court, they were found not guilty.
a case comes/goes to trial 案件被受理
nBy the time her case went to trial, her story had changed.
a case comes before a judge/court 案件被法官/法庭受理
nThe case came before the federal courts.
Examples from the Corpus
case• 72-hour airport visas can be extended, but decisions are made on a case-by-case basis.• In any case, Mr Collor has only one week before the election on December 17, to put this message across.• Recent government spending on schools is a classic case of too little, too late.• a court case• Convictions in criminal cases are pronounced by the courts, yet to a large extent they are the product of police action.• Smaller pillows with decorative cases range from about $ 30 to $ 60.• Government sources said they would not remove the right to early retirement from genuine cases.• The exhibits were all in glass cases.• The law limits work in underground mines to eight hours per day, except in cases of emergency.• In cases like this, the company has to be sold off to someone who can cope with the debt.• Mathers called it the worst multiple murder case in the city's history.• Seat belts are supposed to prevent serious injury, but they didn't work in my case.• In my case, when I started teaching I enjoyed it right away.• She did not have remotely enough at the moment to make any kind of case.• In one case a man was charged $2000 for a simple medical check-up.• There were several food poisoning cases following the church picnic.• In Britain's case this requires a specific Act of Parliament.• There have been some cases of women employees being fired because they are pregnant.• In some cases, lots are made up of hundreds or even thousands of copies of the same item.• In some cases, mail carriers could not get to mailboxes surrounded by plowed snow.• In some cases, prices had gone up by 38 cents a gallon.• "It's supposed to rain tomorrow." "Well, in that case, we won't go."• Doctors have often achieved amazing results, as in the case of 11-year-old Jason.• They lost their case in the High Court and had to pay damages.• In this case it was not contended that the appellant had not acted dishonestly.
case of• a case of wine• Miller's actions were a clear case of sexual harassment.• Tara was treated for a slight case of frostbite.• Detroit police are investigating the case of a man found strangled on Tuesday.
it is the case (that)• It is the case that, in all organisations, instructions need to be communicated.• It is the case, of course, that terms of engagement for individual assignments will be agreed separately.• Again, it is the case. that in certain occupations older people are paid more than younger ones.• Now I believe it is the case that some Christians do project their own failings on to the Devil.• Part of it is the news focus, and part of it is the cases themselves.• That said, for many people it is the case that they are expected to take more responsibility for their work.• For to say something, to assert it, is to say that it is the case, that it is true.
put forward ... case• Bear with me, let me assemble the facts before I put forward a case.
had ... case• Everybody had a case of beer under his bunk.• This deprived litigants of access to the United States' courts, although some had cases already pending before the federal courts.• I would be wrong to discuss employment with firms that had cases before the commission.• In the Lords, they were represented by Equitable even though they had a case against the assurer.• We carried only suitcases and clothes and we had a case with our jewellery and the registry deeds to our lands inside.
case2 verb [transitiveT]  
1  be cased in something COVERto be completely surrounded by a material or substance 被某物包裹
Examples from the Corpus
be cased in something• But the discomfort is cased in rich, and even beautiful arrangements.• The reactor is cased in several feet of metal and concrete.
2. case the joint informalSCC to look around a place that you intend to steal from in order to find out information 〔为行窃而〕预先探察，踩点
Examples from the Corpus
case• All very good condition and cased.• Location was found and cased in Lant Street, SE1.
From Longman Business Dictionary
casecase /keɪs/ noun [countableC]
1TRANSPORTa large box or container in which things can be stored or moved
packing cases full of equipment
case of
a case of 10,000 cigarettes and several cases of spirits
→ see also basket case
2LAW a question or problem that will be dealt with by a court of law
those claiming damages in personal injury cases
The Council appealed to them to drop the case (=stop investigating it).
→ leading case → stated case → test case
3LAW all the reasons that one side in a legal argument can give against the other side
The prosecution case was that the victim was stabbed by Reid during a general disturbance.
The plaintiff needed legal representation in order to present her case properly.
Origin case1
1. (1200-1300) Old French cas, from Latin casus “fall, chance”, from cadere “to fall”
2. (1200-1300) Old North French casse, from Latin capsa “box, case”, from capere “to take”
case1 noun
→10-16

→5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2 →COLLOCATIONS1case2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 139 COCA: 186
case

noun¹

 1example例子ADJECTIVE | VERB + CASE | CASE + VERB | CASE + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤classic, textbook, typical經典事例；範例；典型例子▸➤clear, obvious, simple清楚的例子；明顯的例子；簡單案例◇It was a simple case of mistaken identity.那是一個弄錯身分的簡單例子。➤borderline處於兩可的情況◇The teacher gave all borderline cases a spoken test.老師對那些在及格線上下的學生進行了一次口試。➤extreme極端例子▸➤isolated, rare孤立的／稀罕的事例◇Except in a few rare cases, bee stings are not dangerous.除極少數情況外蜂蜇一般是沒有危險的。➤exceptional, special, unusual例外／特殊／不尋常情況▸➤striking引起關注的情況➤documented, reported記錄在案的／報道的事例◇There have been documented cases of officials accepting bribes.有很多記錄在案的官員受賄的事例。VERB + CASE➤illustrate, show說明／表明例子➤cite, highlight援引／突出事例◇He highlighted the case of Harry Farr, who was executed in 1916.他特別舉出了 1916 年被處決的哈里・法爾的案例。➤consider考慮情況◇Let's consider the case of a dealer trying to make a sale.我們來考慮一下一個商人想要做成一筆生意的情況。CASE + VERB➤arise, occur情況出現；事情發生◇The committee has full powers to deal with any cases of malpractice that arise.該委員會全權處理出現的任何瀆職事件。CASE + NOUN➤study個案研究◇a case study of an Amazonian tribe亞馬孫河部落個案研究➤example案例PREPOSITION➤in sb's/this case就某人的情況來說／在這種情況下◇In her case, she failed the exam because she wasn't well.就她的情況來說，她是因為身體不好而沒有通過考試。➤case of⋯的例子◇a case of animal cruelty虐待動物的例子PHRASES➤case by case按個別情況◇Complaints are dealt with on a case by case basis.投訴要按個案情況具體處理。➤a case in point恰當的例子◇Many professions feel they deserve higher pay, and nurses are a case in point.許多專業人員認為他們應該得到更高的工資，護士就是一個例子。
case

noun²

 2the case true situation事實VERB + THE CASE➤be, remain是實情；仍然是事實◇It remains the case that not enough graduates are going into teaching.實際情況依然是畢業後從教的人數不夠。➤overstate, understate誇大事實；對事實輕描淡寫◇I agree with him, but don't you think he slightly overstates the case?我同意他的說法，但你不覺得他有點兒誇大事實嗎？
case

noun³

 3of a disease疾病ADJECTIVE | VERB + CASE | CASE + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤acute, chronic急性病；慢性病▸➤advanced, bad, serious, severe晚期的病；重症◇He had a bad case of appendicitis.他得了嚴重的闌尾炎。➤mild輕症➤AIDS, flu, SARS, etc.艾滋病、流感、非典等病例◇About 25% of AIDS cases are linked with the sharing of needles.大約 25% 的艾滋病病例與共用針頭有關係。➤confirmed, reported確診／報告病例◇There have been no confirmed cases of BSE in the US.美國還沒有瘋牛病的確診病例。VERB + CASE➤diagnose診斷病例◇Two million new cases of hypertension are diagnosed each year.每年診斷出 200 萬新增高血壓病例。➤report報告病例◇The Department of Health reported five human cases of bird flu.衞生部報告了 5 起人感染禽流感的病例。CASE + NOUN➤history病歷◇Medical students study the case histories of many patients.醫學院學生研究許多病人的病歷。➤notes, records病歷記錄PREPOSITION➤case of⋯的病例◇a severe case of food poisoning嚴重食物中毒病例
case

noun⁴

 4police investigation警方調查ADJECTIVE | VERB + CASE | CASE + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤notorious臭名昭著的案件◇the notorious case of the Botley strangler臭名昭著的博特利殺人案➤tragic慘案▸➤assault, homicide, molestation, murder, rape, robbery襲擊案；殺人案；性騷擾案；謀殺案；強姦案；搶劫案VERB + CASE➤handle, investigate, work on處理／調查／偵破案件◇Four officers are investigating the case.4 名警察在調查該案件。➤crack, solve破案◇They never solved the Jones murder case.他們一直未能偵破瓊斯謀殺案。➤close結案➤reopen重新開始調查案件CASE + NOUN➤file, report案件卷宗／報告◇He was looking through some homicide case files.他在查閱一些殺人案的卷宗。➤officer案件調查警員◇Carter was the senior case officer on the investigation.卡特是調查該案的高級警官。PREPOSITION➤on the case處理案件◇A detective is on the case at the moment.目前一名探員正在處理該案。➤case of⋯的案件◇a case of theft盜竊案
case

noun⁵

 5in a court of law法庭ADJECTIVE | VERB + CASE | CASE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤court訴訟案▸➤criminal刑事案▸➤civil民事案▸➤landmark, test意義重大的案件；判例案件◇This is a test case which will influence what other judges decide.這是一個會影響其他法官判決的判例案件。➤high-profile引人注目的案件◇As a lawyer he was involved in high-profile divorce cases.作為律師，他經辦過若干引人注目的離婚案。➤antitrust, divorce, libel, malpractice (especially NAmE) 反托拉斯案件；離婚案；誹謗案；瀆職案➤death-penalty (especially NAmE) 死刑案◇The jury are required to be unanimous in death-penalty cases.死刑案須要陪審團一致通過。VERB + CASE➤bring將案件提交審理◇He brought the case to the Supreme Court.他將案件提交到了最高法院。➤prosecute, pursue檢控／追查案件▸➤handle, litigate, take處理案件；提出訴訟；受理案件◇This was the hardest case she had handled since becoming a lawyer.這是她做律師以來碰到的最棘手的案子。◇No lawyer would take his case.沒有律師會接手他的案子。➤consider, hear, try審理案件◇The court will consider the case soon.法庭即將審理這個案件。◇The case will be heard in a higher court.更高一級法院將審理此案。➤rehear, retry, review複審案件▸➤adjourn延期審案▸➤dismiss, throw out駁回／不受理案件◇The case was thrown out for lack of evidence.該案因缺乏證據而不獲受理。➤drop撤回訴訟◇The prosecution decided to drop the case.控方決定撤訴。➤decide, settle裁決訴訟◇The case was settled out of court.該案庭外和解了。➤win勝訴▸➤lose敗訴CASE + VERB➤come before sb, come to court, go to court, go to trial案件交付某人審理；案件提交法庭；案件受理◇The case came before Judge Hales.案件已交給黑爾斯法官審理。◇He was so clearly innocent, the case should never have gone to court.很明顯他是無辜的，法院本來就不應該受理此案。➤collapse訴訟不成立◇The case against her collapsed when a key witness was proved to have lied.一名關鍵證人被證實撒謊，對她的指控就不成立了。➤involve sth案件涉及⋯◇a compensation case involving thousands of workers涉及數千名工人的賠償案➤centre/center on sth, hinge on sth, rest on sth, turn on sth訴訟集中在⋯；案子的關鍵在於⋯；案件依賴於⋯◇The case hinged on the evidence of the only witness.這個案子取決於唯一目擊證人所提供的證據。➤raise sth案件引起⋯◇The case raises a number of issues.該案件引發了許多問題。➤allege sth案件指控⋯◇cases alleging violations of international law指控違反國際法的案件➤challenge sth案件質疑⋯◇He brought a case challenging the legality of the war.他提起訴訟，質詢這場戰爭的合法性。PREPOSITION➤in a/the case案件中◇the evidence in the case案件的證據➤case against對⋯的指控◇The case against her was very weak.對她的指控證據非常不足。➤case of⋯案件PHRASES➤a case to answer, no case to answer (both BrE) 需要／無須答辯◇The judge ruled that the defendant had no case to answer.法官裁決，被告無須答辯。➤the circumstances of a case, the facts of a case案情
case

noun⁶

 6arguments論據ADJECTIVE | VERB + CASE | CASE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤compelling, convincing, good, persuasive, powerful, strong令人信服的論據；充分的論據；有力的論據▸➤open-and-shut, unanswerable (BrE) 一目了然的／無可辯駁的論據◇With his current superb form, he presents an unanswerable case for selection in the team.他目前狀態極好，是隊裏理所當然的上場人選。➤prima facie (law法律) 表面證據◇There is a good prima facie case for believing what she says.她的話有初步的證據讓人信服。➤circumstantial, weak間接的／無力的論據▸➤defence/defense, prosecution被告方／控方理由VERB + CASE➤have有立論的依據◇Our lawyer didn't think we had a case (= a good enough case).律師認為我們沒有充足的論據可以勝訴。➤prepare準備論據◇The defendant requested more time to prepare his case.被告要求多給一些時間以準備論據。➤outline, set out略述／陳述論據▸➤make, make out, present, put, state闡明理由；述說理由◇You can make out a case for changing our teaching methods.你可以就改變教學方法說明理由。➤argue, plead辯論；辯護◇I thought she argued her case very well.我覺得她為自己辯護得很好。➤take up受理（個案）◇The union has taken up the case of the suspended worker.工會已受理那位被停職的工人的個案。➤judge判斷理由◇The teacher must judge each case according to its merits.教師必須根據每一件事情的實際情況來作判定。➤bolster, help, strengthen, support加強論據；支持論據◇What evidence do you have to support your case?你有什麼證據來支持你的論點？➤weaken削弱論據CASE + VERB➤exist論據存在◇A strong case exists for adopting a similar system in this country.有充分的證據表明這個國家也應該採取相似的體制。PREPOSITION➤case against反對⋯的論據◇a case against wearing business attire反對穿正裝的理由➤case for支持⋯的論據PHRASES➤the case for the defence/defense, the case for the prosecution有利於被告方／控方的理由陳述▸➤the merits of a case本身的情況◇The disciplinary committee considered the merits of his case before fining him.紀律委員會在對他罰款前考慮了他的實際情況。
case

noun⁷

 7container容器ADJECTIVE | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤carrying便攜盒◇He put the binoculars back in their carrying case.他把雙筒望遠鏡放回到便攜盒裏。➤packing包裝箱▸➤glass玻璃櫥櫃◇The room was full of stuffed animals in glass cases.那個房間裏滿是放在玻璃櫃裏的動物標本。➤CD, DVD光盤盒；數字影碟盒▸➤cartridge, cigarette, glasses, jewel, jewellery/jewelry, pencil彈殼；香煙盒；眼鏡盒；首飾盒；鉛筆盒▸➤guitar, violin, etc.吉他箱、小提琴盒等▸➤display, trophy (especially NAmE) 陳列櫃；獎品陳列櫃◇She kept all her trophies in a display case.她把自己所有的獎品放在陳列櫃裏。➤presentation展示櫃◇a gold watch in a presentation case展示櫃裏的金錶PREPOSITION➤in a/the case, inside a/the case, out of a/the case在盒子／箱子裏；在盒子／箱子外
case

noun⁸

 8a case手提箱  ➡ see also suitcase (for other collocates with case) ADJECTIVE➤attaché公文包▸➤overnight（適於短途旅行的）小提箱
IELTS BNC: 139 COCA: 186
case noun
⇨ case (a court case) ⇨ argument 2 (the case for/against sth) ⇨ box (a pencil/packing case) ⇨ example 1 (in this/sb's case) ⇨ investigation (a murder case) ⇨ patient (a case of pneumonia) ⇨ situation (It is not the case that…) ⇨ suitcase (pack your case) case

noun

case ♦︎ trial ♦︎ hearing ♦︎ appeal ♦︎ action ♦︎ suit ♦︎ lawsuit ♦︎ proceeding ♦︎ prosecution ♦︎ litigation ♦︎ court martialThese are all words for a formal legal dispute between people that is decided in court. 这些词均表示官司、诉讼、审判。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) legal case / hearing / appeal / action / proceedings◆(a) criminal case / hearing / appeal / action / proceedings / prosecution / litigation◆(a) civil case / hearing / appeal / action / suit / lawsuit / proceedings / litigation◆a murder / rape / fraud case / trial◆(a) libel case / trial / hearing / action / suit / proceedings◆to bring a case / an action / a suit / a lawsuit / proceedings / a prosecution (against sb / sth)◆to take action / proceedings (against sb / sth)◆to file an appeal / a suit / a lawsuit◆to face trial / a hearing / an action / a suit / a lawsuit / proceedings / prosecution / litigation / court martial◆to hear a case / an appeal◆to win / lose a case / an appeal / an action / a suit / a lawsuit■ case [countable] a question to be decided in court; the facts and evidence that are used to accuse or defend sb/sth in court 诉讼；待裁决的案件；（在法庭上用来控告或辩护的）论据，理由◆The case will be heard next week.此案下周审理。◆The new evidence weakened the case for the defence.新的证据削弱了被告的论据。◆Our lawyer didn't think we had a case (= had good enough arguments to win in court).我们的律师认为我们论据不足，赢不了官司。■ trial [uncountable, countable] a formal examination of evidence in court by a judge and often a jury, to decide if sb accused of a crime is guilty or not （法院的）审讯，审理，审判◆He's on trial for murder.他因涉嫌谋杀罪受审。◆She will stand trial for fraud.她因涉嫌诈骗将受审。◆The men were arrested but not brought to trial.这些人已被捕，但未移交法院审判。◆The case never came to trial.此案从未开庭审理。◆He did not receive a fair trial.他没有受到公正的审判。■ hearing [countable] an official meeting at which the facts about a crime, complaint, etc. are presented to the person or group of people who will have to decide what action to take 审讯；听审；听证会◆a court / disciplinary hearing庭审；纪律聆讯◆At a preliminary hearing the judge announced that the trial would begin on March 21.在预审时，法官宣布将在3月21日进行审理。◆She was granted a divorce in a five-minute hearing.经过五分钟的审理，法庭准许她离婚。■ appeal [countable, uncountable] a formal request to a court or to sb in authority for a judgement or decision to be changed 上诉；申诉◆ (BrE) to lodge an appeal提出上诉◆ (NAmE) to file an appeal提出上诉◆ (BrE) an appeal court / judge上诉法庭／法官◆ (NAmE) an appeals court / judge上诉法庭／法官◆He lost his appeal against the 3-match ban.他对禁赛3场的处罚提出申诉，但遭驳回。■ action [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) a legal process to settle a dispute or deal with a complaint 诉讼；起诉◆A libel action is being brought against the magazine that published the article.刊发该文章的杂志将受到诽谤诉讼。◆He is considering taking legal action against the hospital.他正考虑起诉这家医院。■ suit [countable] (rather formal) a claim or complaint against sb that a person or organization can make in court 起诉；控告◆His former business associate filed a suit against him claiming £5 million damages.他以前的生意伙伴对他提起诉讼，索要500万英镑的损害赔偿金。◆Their arguments grew worse and worse and ended with a divorce suit.他们吵得越来越凶，最终提出了离婚诉讼。■ lawsuit ˈlɔːsuːt, ˈlɔːsjuːt [countable] (rather formal) a suit 诉讼；起诉◆The opening of the factory was delayed because of a lawsuit brought by an environmental group.因为一个环保团体提起诉讼，工厂推迟开业了。■ proceeding prəˈsiːdɪŋ [countable, usually plural] (rather formal) the process of using a court to settle a dispute or to deal with a complaint 诉讼；诉讼程序◆The company has started legal proceedings against its competitor.那家公司对竞争对手提起了法律诉讼。■ prosecution ˌprɒsɪˈkjuːʃn; NAmE ˌprɑːsɪˈkjuːʃn [uncountable, countable] the process of trying to prove in court that sb is guilty of a crime; the process of being officially charged with a crime in court （被）起诉，检举；诉讼◆Prosecution for a first minor offence rarely leads to imprisonment.对轻罪初犯者的起诉很少判处监禁。◆He threatened to bring a private prosecution against the doctor.他威胁要对医生提起民事诉讼。   see also prosecute ⇨ accuse ■ litigation ˌlɪtɪˈgeɪʃn [uncountable] (rather formal) the process of making or defending a claim in court 诉讼；打官司◆The company has been in litigation with its auditors for a full year.那家公司和它的审计员已经打官司整整一年。■ ˌcourt ˈmartial ˈmɑːʃl; NAmE ˈmɑːrʃl(plural courts martial) [countable, uncountable] a military court that deals with members of the armed forces who break military law; a trial at such a court 军事法庭；军事法庭的审判；军法审判◆He was convicted at a court martial.他在军事法庭上被判有罪。◆All the soldiers now face court martial.现在，所有这些士兵都面临军事法庭的审判。
IELTS BNC: 139 COCA: 186

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