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IELTS BNC: 178 COCA: 213

hold

Word family 
hold1 /həʊld $ hoʊld/ ●●● S1 W1 verb (past tensepst and past participlepp held /held/)  
1  hold.jpg in your hand/arms 在手中/怀抱中
a) [transitiveT]HOLD to have something in your hand, hands, or arms 握住，抓住；抱住
 Could you hold my bag for me?
你能帮我拿着包吗？
hold something in your hand/arms
 He was holding a knife in one hand.
他手中拿着一把刀。
 I held the baby in my arms.
我把宝宝抱在怀里。
hold hands (=hold each other’s hands) 手拉着手
 They sat holding hands under a tree.
他们手拉着手坐在树下。
hold somebody close/tightly (=with your arms around someone) 紧抱某人
 Max held her close and wiped away her tears.
马克斯抱紧她并给她擦去眼泪。
b) [transitiveT always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]MOVE something OR somebody to move your hand or something in your hand in a particular direction 使〔手、手持之物〕处于某种位置
hold something out/up etc
 He held out his hand to help her to her feet.
他伸出手帮助她站起来。
 Hold the picture up so we can see it.
把图片举高好让我们看到。
2  event 事件 [transitiveT] to have a meeting, party, election etc in a particular place or at a particular time 召开；举行；进行
 This year’s conference will be held at the Hilton Hotel.
今年的会议将在希尔顿酒店召开。
 A thanksgiving ceremony was held to mark the occasion.
举行了一个感恩仪式以庆祝这一特别的时刻。
 The funeral was held on a grey day in November.
葬礼在11月的一个阴天举行。
 In April, the president held talks with Chinese leaders.
4月，总统和中国领导人举行了会谈。
3  keep STH in position 使某物保持在某种位置上 [transitiveT] to make something stay in a particular position 使〔某物〕保持〔在某种位置上〕
hold something open/up etc
 We used rolled-up newspapers to hold the windows open.
我们用卷起的报纸抵住窗户让它们开着。
 Remember to hold your head up and keep your back straight.
记住要抬头挺胸。
hold something in place/position
 A couple of screws should hold it in place.
几个螺钉就可以把它固定住了。
 Lift your head off the floor and hold this position for five seconds.
把头抬离地面，保持这个姿势五秒钟。
4  job/title 工作/头衔JOB/WORK [transitiveT]
a) to have a particular job or position, especially an important one 担任〔尤指重要职位〕
 Do you really think he’s capable of holding such a responsible position?
你真的认为他能担任这个责任重大的职位吗？
hold the post/position/office etc (of something)
 She was the first woman to hold the office of Australian state premier.
她是第一位担任澳大利亚州总理的女性。
 The governor had held the post since 1989.
那位州长自1989年起一直在任。
 Whoever is elected will hold office (=have an important political position) for four years.
当选者任期为四年。
b) to have a particular title or record, because you have won a competition, are the best at something etc 拥有〔头衔、称号〕；保持〔纪录〕
 The programme still holds the record for the longest running TV series.
该节目仍然保持着播放时间最长的电视系列节目这一纪录。
 The last Briton to hold the title was Bert Nicholson.
最后一名拥有该称号的英国人是伯特•尼科尔森。
5  keep/store 保留/保存 [transitiveT] to keep something to be used when it is needed 保存，保留〔以备后用〕
6  keep STH available for SB 为某人保留某物 [transitiveT] to agree not to give something such as a ticket, a place at a restaurant, a job etc to anyone except a particular person 〔为某人〕保留〔票、餐厅座位、工作等〕
7  keep SB somewhere 把某人关在某处 [transitiveT] to keep someone somewhere, and not allow them to leave 关押，扣留
8  opinion 观点 [transitiveT not in progressive] to have a particular opinion or belief 持有，怀有〔某种观点或信念〕
9  hold somebody responsible/accountable/liable (for something) to say or decide that someone should accept the responsibility for something bad that happens 认为某人应该（为某事）负责，要某人（对某事）负责
Examples from the Corpus
hold somebody responsible/accountable/liable (for something)• Then he told Hepzibah he'd hold her responsible!• She would have been held personally responsible and would almost certainly have fallen from office.• He was held not liable as there was a real and imminent danger and he had done what was reasonably necessary.• The jury that held Simpson liable consisted of six men and six women, ranging in age from mid-20s to mid-70s.• You can not learn team performance without being part of a team that holds itself mutually accountable for achieving specific performance goals.• I hold the police responsible for my son's death Voice over Police denied any knowledge of who was on the bike.• In the past, juries have usually sided with the industry, holding smokers liable for the damage they inflict on themselves.• Please, however, do not think that I hold you responsible, in any way, for my own uncertainty.
10  own STH 拥有某物 [transitiveT]OWN to officially own or possess money, a document, a company etc 持有，拥有〔金钱、证件、公司等〕
11  contain a particular amount 容纳某一数量 [transitiveT not in progressive] to have the space to contain a particular amount of something 容纳
12  support 支撑 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] to be strong enough to support the weight of something or someone 能承受，支撑〔重量〕
13  stay at same level 保持相同水平 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] to stay at a particular amount, level, or rate, or to make something do this （使）保持〔某种数量、水平或速度〕
14  not change 不改变 [intransitiveI] to continue to be true, good, available etc 继续适用[有效]
15  stop/delay 停止/拖延 [transitiveT] spoken used in particular phrases to tell someone to wait or not to do something 〔用于某些短语中〕停止；别做〔某事〕
16  hold your head up  (also hold your head high) to behave as if you are proud of yourself or respect yourself 抬起头来，不垂头丧气
Examples from the Corpus
hold your head up• As a baby she may have had a hard time holding her head up, for example.• However, Linfield can hold their heads up high.• How else could a girl hold her head up in her family?• Her own cheeks had gone pale; her lids drooped over her eyes; she held her head up in her hand.• Just holding my head up like that.
17  hold your breath 
Examples from the Corpus
hold your breath• An anxious nation holds its breath.• It gave her the feeling that the whole world was holding its breath.• He discovered that he was holding his breath, and gulped for air.• Rachel held her breath as she waited for his answer.• We held our breaths, covering our nostrils and mouths with our hands.• She held her breath on another quick dart of guilt.• The art world will be holding its breath to see how much these paintings sell for at auction.• It stinks so bad you have to hold your breath until you come out.• Patrice held her breath, waiting for Lettie's reply.• Benjy rang the doorbell, then held his breath, waiting.
18  hold (your) fire 
19  telephone 电话 [intransitiveI] (also hold the line) spoken to wait until the person you have telephoned is ready to answer 不挂断电话（等着）
20  army 军队 [transitiveT]DEFEND if an army holds a place, it controls it or defends it from attack 防守，保卫；〔用武力〕占据
21. musical note 音符 [transitiveT]APMCONTINUE/NOT STOP to make a musical note continue for a particular length of time 继续唱[奏]〔某音符〕
22  future 未来 [transitiveT] formal if the future holds something, that is what may happen 〔未来〕发生
23  have a quality 具有特质 [transitiveT] formal to have a particular quality 具备〔某种特质〕
24  hold your own (against somebody) GOOD ATto successfully defend yourself or succeed in a difficult situation, competition etc 〔在困境、比赛等中〕固守阵地，（与某人）针锋相对
Examples from the Corpus
hold your own (against somebody)• And he is bound to hold his own.• Well and nobly did... his gallant troops hold their own...• He and his government colleagues were confident they could hold their own against the mujahedin.• In many areas, Whigs clearly continued to hold their own amongst the squirearchy.• Then, holding her own breath and moving stealthily on tiptoe, she began to ease her way towards the exit.• Chaparral and forests resisted the invasion, and in some places they have held their own even against fire and development.• You hold your own life together.• Sharpe was holding his own sword low beside his stirrup, almost as if he could not be bothered to fight.
25. not hold a candle to somebody/something to be much worse than someone or something else 远比不上某人/某物，无法与某人/某物相比
Examples from the Corpus
not hold a candle to somebody/something• Dry herbs don't hold a candle to fresh ones.
26  be left holding the baby British EnglishBrE, be left holding the bag American EnglishAmE to be left as the only person responsible for dealing with a difficult situation, especially something someone else started 得独自收拾烂摊子
Examples from the Corpus
be left holding the baby• The difference is that you were left holding the baby.• Then he does something stupid with a television researcher and is left holding the baby.
27  hold sway to have a lot of influence or power 具有重大影响[权力]
Examples from the Corpus
hold sway• This of course benefits the income of the less expensive factor of production, as is inevitable when capital holds sway.• His reputedly Herculean virility long remained a byword throughout the district over which he held sway.• It's a place for Comici's drop-of-water philosophy to hold sway.• Suddenly new possibilities are springing to life where previously deadlock and despair held sway.• That is why we feel justified in saying that Realism has held sway for the last forty years.• The old communist party still holds sway in many rural areas.• The Marsh End at that time had at least two moles who held sway in their different ways over moles of their generation.• Nearly 10 years later, she still holds sway on Wall Street.• That romantic notion held sway over me, and probably delayed my perception of Clarisa as some one with a medical problem.• This all happened long ago, when priests held sway over the majority of the Irish people.
28  hold court to get the attention of everyone while you are talking, especially when you are trying to entertain people 吸引所有人的注意力
Examples from the Corpus
hold court• Artists who have arrived at that position are expected to sit still and hold court.• For hour after hour, without a break, clearly relishing the attention, Kevorkian holds court.• Somewhere in the smoky crowd the authoress and photographer, Jill Freedman from New York, was holding court.• Ken Bradshaw was holding court among a handful of Waimea veterans.• Baseball raconteur Bill Rigney is holding court at a window table.• Instead, he could hold court for his many buyers in his studio garage.• In one corner, the Grand Duchess held court; in another, her husband, as befitted the challenger.• I am holding court, lady of the mansion.
29  hold your tongue  spoken used to tell someone to stop talking or to not tell someone about something 闭上嘴；保持沉默
Examples from the Corpus
hold your tongue• If he was a count he would be doubly arrogant and she would not be able to hold her tongue.• She tried to talk him into letting her go, but he ordered her sharply to hold her tongue.• Out of sheer curiosity I held my tongue, and waited.• Learn to hold your tongue, Mistress Philippa, else grief will come of it.• You have to avoid being Nellie-know-all and hold your tongue to allow a younger generation to enjoy the fun of discovery.• Chastised, Elder Brother held his tongue, turning to look at Jinju as if to seek her support.• Jim was struggling to hold his tongue when Carole knocked on his door and walked in.• Stella was forced to hold her tongue when Dotty or Babs Osborne spoke slightingly of Meredith.
30  hold all the cards to have all the advantages in a situation in which people are competing or arguing 占绝对上风，占尽优势
Examples from the Corpus
hold all the cards• In areas such as research, larger well-financed firms hold all the cards.• Politically, the logging industry holds all the cards.• Men still held all the cards.• Nowhere else does the evolutionary battle take place in an arena where, in effect, one player holds all the cards.• He held all the cards and it would be an upset if he lost.• It seemed that he held all the cards and that there was nothing she could do but say 'yes'.• But it just seemed that he held all the cards, he made all the decisions.• Ross did hold all the cards, she acknowledged bitterly.
31. hold fast (to something) to keep believing strongly in something 坚信（某事）
Examples from the Corpus
hold fast (to something)• She tried to struggle, but she was held fast.• But ever since the day when she had faced her own fears she had held fast to her principles.• He kept his head, how-ever, and held fast to his golden apples.• Mr Buie held fast to his ground.• If the Court holds fast to its abnegation of this traditional role, it could mark a sea change in federal-state relations.• Bush urged the party to hold fast to its traditions.• Jeffries was trying to cut him to ribbons; and here was Gordon trying to hold fast to Jeffries' coattails.• I am like a shipwrecked survivor holding fast to the debris, awaiting the arrival of the scheduled liner.• Difficult to hold fast to time.
32. hold a conversation TALK TO somebodyto have a conversation 谈话，交谈
Examples from the Corpus
hold a conversation• This involved being around, or hanging around, just watching, recording, holding conversations.• She's getting better at speech now, and hold a conversation, but she doesn't understand some things.• In any case, she couldn't have held a conversation there.• What she did increasingly was to hold conversations with ha father from which Cara was carefully and deliberately excluded.• If you tried at all to hold a conversation with her, you found she was almost impossible to understand.• He just wouldn't hold a conversation with him.• If you can not hold a conversation with some one without getting out of breath then you are going too fast.• Aileen knew how to hold a conversation with twelve people and work hard at the same time.
33  hold the fort RESPONSIBLEto be responsible for something while the person usually responsible for it is not there 〔别人不在时〕代为处理事务
Examples from the Corpus
hold the fort• Junior Bryant has to hold the fort.• Filling the breach, holding the fort, and that kind of thing.• The evening was to take place as planned and Faith would hold the fort at Oaklands.• The three of you will be holding the fort in the kitchen tonight.• Just the three of you going to be holding the fort tonight.• You got us into this, was my uncharitable thought, now you hold the fort while we climb out of it.• It was Major Herriott's turn to get out of the office, having held the fort whilst his leader had been away.
34  hold the lead/advantage to be winning in a competition, game etc 〔在比赛等中〕领先
Examples from the Corpus
hold the lead/advantage• She held the lead and quietly plodded upward through the crisp snow that covered the long Baskan Glacier.• New Zealand held the lead for long periods and their frequent advantages depended on the only try of the match.• She held the lead in her gloved hands; behind her was Selene, with hers protected by a muff.• But this time Carlos Sainz, who had held the lead since Tuesday, came third in a Toyota.• In race one, Hodgson was able to get a better run through the backmarkers and hold the lead to the line.
35. there’s no holding somebody (back) spokenENTHUSIASTICENJOY/LIKE DOING something used to say that someone is so determined to do something that you cannot prevent them from doing it 无法阻止某人〔做某事〕
Examples from the Corpus
there’s no holding somebody (back)• For Casey, there was no holding back when it came to music.
36. can hold your drink/liquor/alcohol etc DRUNKto be able to drink a lot of alcohol without getting drunk or ill 酒量很大
37. not hold water UNTRUEif an excuse, a statement etc does not hold water, it does not seem to be true or reasonable 〔借口、陈述等〕站不住脚，不可信
Examples from the Corpus
not hold water• His account of events simply doesn't hold water.• It may seem logical, but his argument doesn't hold water.• But there are times when this theory just does not hold water.• This argument just does not hold water.
38  hold something/somebody dear IMPORTANT formal to care about something or someone a lot 珍视某物/某人
39. hold the road TTCif a car holds the road well, you can drive it quickly around bends without losing control 〔汽车急转弯时〕抓地性能良好
Examples from the Corpus
hold the road• Lucker has difficulty holding the road.
n40. hold that thought spoken used to tell someone to remember what has just been said and then continue discussing it or thinking about it later
→ hold a course at course1(8)
 THESAURUS
hold to have something in your hand, hands, or arms 握住，抓住；抱住
Maria came in holding a letter.
玛丽亚手里拿着一封信走进来。
Can I hold the baby?
我可以抱抱宝宝吗？
grip to hold something very tightly and not let it go 紧握，紧抓
He gripped her arm so she couldn’t walk away.
他紧紧抓住她的胳膊不让她走开。
Jenny gripped the side of the boat to steady herself.
珍妮紧紧抓住船帮来稳住自己。
clutch to hold something tightly, especially because you do not want to drop or lose it 紧握，紧抓〔尤因不想摔掉或失去某物〕
A businessman hurried past, clutching his briefcase.
一个生意人手中紧抓着公文包匆匆走过。
nThe little girl clutched onto his hand.
clasp written to hold someone or something tightly, closing your fingers or arms around them 握紧；抱紧
She was clasping a bunch of small summer flowers.
她紧紧握着一束夏天的小花。
He clasped her in his arms and kissed her.
他将她紧紧搂在怀里亲吻她。
get/take hold of something to take something in your hand or hands and hold it 抓住某物，握住某物
I took hold of the handle and pulled as hard as I could.
我抓住把手狠命一拉。
nQuickly – try and get hold of that frog!
grasp written to take hold of something firmly, especially in a determined way 〔尤指坚决地〕握紧
She grasped the lowest branch and pulled herself up into the tree.
她紧紧抓住最下面那根树枝，纵身一跃爬到树上。
grab to take hold of something suddenly and often violently 攫取，抓住
He grabbed my bag and ran off with it.
他抢过我的包就逃走了。
nThe other man grabbed hold of (=suddenly took hold of ) my arms and threatened me with a knife.
seize /siːz/ written to take hold of something suddenly and often violently 〔突然猛力地〕抓取，攫取
A police officer ran after him and seized the gun.
一名警察在后面追他，并夺下他的枪。
hang on (to something) to hold on to something or someone tightly to support yourself 紧紧抓住某物〔以免自己跌倒〕
He hung on to the rail at the back of the motorbike.
他紧紧抓住摩托车的后扶手。
nHang on tight!
keep hold of something to continue to hold something 抓着某物
Greg was struggling to keep hold of the dog.
格雷格拼命抓着那条狗不松手。
nShe tried to take her hand away but he kept hold of it.
 PHRASAL VERBS
Examples from the Corpus
hold• Each carton holds 113 oranges.• Militant prisoners held 24 guards hostage on Friday, as jail unrest spread throughout the country.• No one knows where the kidnapped woman is being held.• She held a baby in her arms.• A smiling woman holding a can of beer came over to us.• In the photograph there was a small boy holding a flag.• No state yet to hold a primary has as many major media markets as Ohio.• She works for Le Monde, where the staff hold a significant stake in the company.• A blank data disk can hold about 360,000 characters.• Galvanized metal buckets, filled with ice, can hold beverages such as small bottles of ice tea, juices and water.• Twenty-four solar systems held by the enemy had recently been destroyed.• Several tourists were being held captive by rebels in Kashmir.• Lost items will be held for thirty days.• So she rode slowly through them, mostly holding her breath and praying that they wouldn't charge at her.• I held her until she went to sleep.• I held him under the spigot and squeezed his chest as the icy water ran over him.• I got the post office to hold our mail while we were on vacation.• I took a glass of champagne from the tray the waiter held out.• a situation in which a husband and wife both hold shares in a family company• IBM still holds shares in the new company.• I just want a shelf that will hold some plants.• Heat the stock in a pot large enough to hold the fish.• I held the money tightly in my hand.• The Van Gogh holds the world auction price record of $ 82.5m.• Plans are well advanced to hold two-day Workshops for staff of colleges invited to progress their Pilot Proposals to Stage 2.• Police are holding two men for questioning in connection with the robbery.• As long as the mild weather holds, you can keep planting.
hold something in your hand/arms• He longed to be holding one in his hands.• The next moment he held Iphigenia in his arms.• I held him in my arms as he clutched at me, then relaxed, then shuddered into sleep.• If you hold it in your hands it gets warm.• One of us takes the tiniest moment and holds it in our hands, recalling it in all its particulars.• Cara held it in her hands, staring at it, unbelieving.• Was it because the man who held her in his arms was a confident and easy dancer?• Now she held it in her hand with the cross, a silent pleading for Rob's return.
held talks with• The company also has held talks with Apple Computer about a technology sponsorship that could include kiosks at the facility.• On Feb. 21 Kravchuk held talks with opposition representatives on the possibility of forming a coalition government.• Councillors have already held talks with the town's bus operators with a view to reducing the number of vehicles using the centre.
hold something in place/position• Bone, plastic, wood or pearl-handled cutlery Exposure to very hot water can soften the glue holding the handle in place.• I was also told that I have to put plywood on the ceiling to hold the tiles in place.• Impale each stack with a bamboo stick to hold the bales in place.• The former system involved the operative having to attach more than 20 bands at a time to hold a mould in position.• The nearby industry of the war years held the community in place.• A sturdy retaining wall will hold everything in place and you can use soil taken from other areas to fill in gaps.• It will need to have a ledge to support the reading material and strong clamps to hold pages in place are useful.• I held it in place, clutched at my side.
hold the post/position/office etc (of something)• A Republican held the office of County Board president, easily second only to the office of mayor in political power.• He held the post during Milosevic's authoritarian rule.• He also holds the posts of Prime Minister and Defence Minister.• He currently holds the post of chief operating officer.• He has also held the position of factory manager.• In both cases Black might still be able to hold the position.• None of these men held the office over three months.• The Federals held the position nearer the coveted town.
be widely/generally/commonly held• The belief that if you are over twenty-five you are too old is commonly held.• Scarman identified two views that were commonly held as to the causation of the disorders.• It was generally held on or about the feast day of the patron saint to whom the church was dedicated.• Informal briefings and seminars are generally held over the lunch-time period, which is only flexible for scientific and administrative staff.• But it is commonly held that Mind and Matter both have existence, separately, one from the other.• Thus it is commonly held that services are economic activities whose output is not a physical product.• In the city a bold and beautiful young man named Bellerophon was generally held to be his son.• Particular substances were commonly held to possess magical and even medical potential.
privately-held• Most recently, he was chief executive officer of Cibus Pharmaceutical Inc., a privately held drugdelivery company.• Never having designed anything like this before Cusick privately held many worries about the cost and ease of manufacturing these props.• P., his privately held company, of $ 2 billion.• Pursue is a privately held energy company.• S., most timber is grown on privately held land and is sold at auction.• The privately held company, founded in 1989, is one of the fastest-growing technology startups.• Y., it remains privately held.
held steady• Bonds held steady and the dollar rose against the yen.• Standard's market price held steady at 430p.• Unemployment held steady at a low 5. 6 percent in December, Labor Department figures showed today.• The tow held steady, but the weight of it was forcing him further and further off the wind.• To pick up the reflected signals, the cellphone has to be held steady for a few seconds, says Lubecke.• Exports had doubled from 1700 to 1740 to a value of £1,164,000 which generally held steady until the 1760s.
hold true/good• In the event of a fuel pump failure the same reserve holds good.• If past experience holds true, about 10% of the injured will need immediate surgery.• The same trend holds true at the Capital Coin and Stamp Shop.• Some physicists argue that the need for an observer holds true even for such massive objects as the Moon.• The same holds true for all the other advice agencies in your area.• The same might hold true for every civilization.• What held good for Stoke Poges held good for the Western Isles.• The same holds true for the three P.wickerhamii introns.• But the Freudian maxim holds true: Laughter is just an expression of fear.
hold it!• Hold it a minute! I've just had a really good idea.• Hold it! Sara just lost a contact lens.
what the future holds• Hankin, as well as the players, press and supporters, do not know what the future holds.• It is important, however, to distinguish between the current situation and what the future holds.• Male speaker Because we don't know what the disorder is, we can't tell the family what the future holds.• They should settle with Clinton rather than gamble on what the future holds.• Tonight, we look at other memorable programmes from the archives and ask what the future holds?• Who knows what the future holds?• With the growth that seems likely over the next few years one can not help asking what the future holds.
hold (little) interest/appeal/promise etc• For the moment Christmas on the slopes holds little promise.• But, for the most part, the news surely held little interest for her.• Richard Branson holds little appeal for them.• The models of the last 30 years hold little interest for those in Bird Land.• The Group now holds interests in 20 fields in production.• Carso holds interests in a wide range of industries, including mining, auto parts, cigarettes and retail.• Others hold interests in racetracks, which depend on political goodwill for additional racing dates.• Clark's work clearly holds promise of a new class of antimalarials, even though there is much still to be done.
Related topics: Other sports, Water
hold2 ●●● S2 W3 noun  
1  holding STH 拿住某物 [singular]HOLD the action of holding something with your hands 抓住，拿住，握住 SYN grip
2  get hold of something  (also get a hold of something American EnglishAmE) to find or borrow something so that you can use it 找[借]来某物
Examples from the Corpus
get hold of something• Then you put a good big handle on it, so that everyone can get hold of it and pick it up.• Jack wouldn't shoot so long as he'd got hold of him.• It was as though something had got hold of her feet and was trying to pull them.• She was absorbedly prodding the aged melon, which she had somehow got hold of.• And the first day you arrive you contrive to get hold of this!• Wherever he was in the world he managed to get hold of all the important rugby results.• I think what happened was that Nick had been hanging around waiting to get hold of her.• Could you get hold of the kids, please?
3  get hold of somebody  (also get a hold of somebody American EnglishAmE) to find and speak to someone about something 找到某人，联系上某人
Examples from the Corpus
get hold of somebody• Then you put a good big handle on it, so that everyone can get hold of it and pick it up.• Jack wouldn't shoot so long as he'd got hold of him.• It was as though something had got hold of her feet and was trying to pull them.• She was absorbedly prodding the aged melon, which she had somehow got hold of.• And the first day you arrive you contrive to get hold of this!• Wherever he was in the world he managed to get hold of all the important rugby results.• I think what happened was that Nick had been hanging around waiting to get hold of her.• Could you get hold of the kids, please?
4  control/power 控制/力量 [singular] control, power, or influence over something or someone 控制，影响
5  on hold TCTWAIT
Examples from the Corpus
on hold• You're always on hold for about 10 minutes before you get to talk to anyone.• I put Dana on hold while I tried to find Steve.
6  take (a) hold EFFECT/INFLUENCEto start to have a definite effect 开始起作用，产生影响
Examples from the Corpus
take (a) hold• Whereas summer still lingered in Florence, winter had already taken hold in Cramer.• His hand came out and took hold of her ankle, gave it a squeeze and a shake.• There are usually reasons why some ideas take hold and persist while others fail to do so.• Her imagination took hold of the idea and terrorized her at the thought of the hospital catching fire.• As the weeks grew into months, a plan took hold of her.• If doctors could know for certain which individuals would develop the disease, they could treat potential diabetics before the process takes hold.• From the reforms that followed, a new life began to take hold, and more than one innovation was meritorious.• What do your instincts tell you about whether democracy will take hold after the votes are counted?
7  get hold of an idea/an impression/a story etc LEARNBELIEVEto learn or begin to believe something 得到[开始相信]某个想法/印象/说法等
8. fight 打斗 [countableC]DSO a particular position that you hold an opponent in, in a fight or a sport such as wrestling 〔摔跤等运动中的〕擒拿招式，擒拿技法
9  climbing 攀爬 [countableC]DSO somewhere you can put your hands or feet to help you climb something 支撑点；落脚点〔指攀爬时供手攀、脚踩之处〕
10. ship 船只 [countableC]TTW the part of a ship below the deck1(1) where goods are stored 底舱，货舱
11  no holds barred LIMITwhen there are no rules or limits on what you are allowed to do 无规则的，无限制的，为所欲为的
Examples from the Corpus
no holds barred• There are no holds barred when it comes to making a profit.• He told me he was going to shoot the whole works, no holds barred.
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
a tight/firm hold
Rose had a tight hold of her hand.
verbs
tighten your hold
Maria winced as Luke tightened his hold on her fingers.
loosen/relax your hold
Laughing, he loosened his hold until she could pull her arms free.
release your hold (=stop holding something)
As soon as his fingers released their hold, Robyn turned and ran.
phrases
keep hold of something (=hold something without letting go)
I had to run to keep hold of the leather strap.
get/take hold of something (=start holding something)
Wallace took hold of Fred’s jacket and pulled him roughly backwards.
catch/grab/seize etc hold of something (=start holding something quickly and firmly)
She grabbed hold of the letter and tore it open.
have hold of something (=be holding something)
Nathan had hold of her hand again.
Examples from the Corpus
hold• The cliff is steep and it's difficult to find a hold.• Bowman caught hold of the short lever fastened to the valve and with his last strength pulled it down.• In this form of wrestling there are a number of different holds, each used in a different situation.• And I think I just might try to get hold of Mark.• But when you get hold of the document and look at the detail you're in for a nasty surprise.• It was a bit late for that, since the press had got hold of the story anyway.• Here was a gravity you could argue with; here was a horizon close enough to reach out and grasp hold of.• Prevost asked me if I still had hold of my camera.• My mother relaxed, and loosened her hold on my hand.• Kara tightened her hold on the bat.• I tightened my hold on the child as we crossed the busy road.• Analysts say the company has a potential to become extremely profitable if the technology takes hold.• The wine Adrienne had kept passing to her was taking hold of an empty stomach.
tight hold on• He had a tight hold on the audience, totally in command of his band.• He says you have to keep a tight hold on the nuts.• She would be keeping a tight hold on her feelings from now on.• Dominic crept carefully down the stairs, keeping a tight hold on the gleaming mahogany banister.• The purge reflects the party leadership's concern with keeping a tight hold on the political reins.• Keeping a tight hold on herself, she went in search of Helen and accepted with gratitude her invitation to lunch.
get/keep a hold on/of something• If I could get hold of him, I'd kill him.• She wanted to know how she could get hold of that poem, and maybe that whole book.• He simply can not bear the thought of his hated enemy getting hold of young Adam.• Do you know if such a list exists and if so where I might get hold of it?• They are swiftly-moving animals and not easy to get hold of.• And I think I just might try to get hold of Mark.• How on earth did you get hold of this?
From Longman Business Dictionary
holdhold1 /həʊldhoʊld/ verb (past tensepst and past participlepp held /held/)
1[transitiveT]FINANCE if you hold an investment, you own it
The group holds billions of dollars of junk bonds.
2[transitiveT]FINANCE to keep an investment, rather than sell it
I don’t sell anything. I buy stocks to hold.
3hold an interest/position/stake in somethingFINANCE to own part of company, asset etc
The company also holds a 25 percent interest in a German refinery.
4hold a patentLAW to own a PATENT (=the right to profits from a product based on a new idea)
Inventor Charles Fritz holds the patent to the Tripledge windshield wiper.
5[transitiveT] to have a meeting
This year’s conference will be held in Brighton.
6[transitiveT] to keep supplies in a particular place
The steel company holds stocks at the terminals in order to make just-in-time deliveries to local customers.
7[transitiveT]FINANCE to keep a price or other amount at a particular level
The bank is holding interest rates at 4%.
8[intransitiveI]FINANCE to remain at the same level
Since then, the pound has held steady against the dollar.
9hold (its) valueCOMMERCE if something holds value or holds its value, it does not lose its value, or it loses value more slowly than you might expect
The works of Magritte and Miro continue to hold their value at auctions despite the art-market slump.
In an increasingly disposable society, luxury cars are one of the few items that hold value.
10hold office if a political party holds office, it governs a country
11hold office to have an important job in the government or in a company
The original directors of the company would hold office only for the first year of privatization.
12hold a job/position/post etc formalJOB to have a particular job
She has held the position of Chief Financial Officer for five years.
→ hold something → down
→ hold out for something
→ hold up
holdhold2 noun [countableC]
1TRANSPORTthe part of a ship or plane where goods are stored for transport
The Mega Borg had 38 million gallons of crude in its hold.
2COMMERCE if a company has a hold on a market or a large part of a market, it makes it difficult for others to compete
hold on
They thought they had a pretty good hold on the computer market.
3FINANCE if someone says that an investment is a hold, they mean that people who have it should keep it and not sell it, but that they should not buy any more of it
He rates the stock a hold, but figures it ‘might go down before it goes up.’
Origin hold1
Old English healdan
 hold2
1. → HOLD1
2. hole
hold1 verb
→10-19
→20-29
→30-40

→n GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2 →THESAURUS1 →PHRASAL VERBS1hold2 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 178 COCA: 213
hold

noun¹

 1act/way of holding sth緊握ADJECTIVE | VERB + HOLD | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤firm, tight牢牢的抓住◇He still had me in a tight hold.他仍然緊緊地抓着我。VERB + HOLD➤catch, get, grab, grasp, seize, take抓住；握住◇Take hold of the handle and give it a hard pull.握住把手，用力拉。➤have, keep握着◇He kept a firm hold on my hand.他緊緊握着我的手。➤lose鬆開◇He lost his hold on the rock and was swept away by the tide.他沒有抓牢岩石，被潮水捲走了。➤tighten握緊➤loosen, relax, release鬆手；放手；撒手◇She finally released her hold on me.她總算撒手放開了我。PREPOSITION➤hold on抓住⋯◇He tightened his hold on her.他把她抓得更緊了。
hold

noun²

 2influence/control over sb影響；控制ADJECTIVE | VERB + HOLD | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤firm, powerful, secure, strong, tight強有力的影響；緊緊的控制◇He still has a firm hold on the party.他仍然牢牢地控制着該黨。➤fragile, precarious, tenuous, weak微弱的影響；無力的掌控◇Her hold on power was now quite tenuous.她不再能牢牢掌握手中的權力。VERB + HOLD➤have掌控➤maintain保持掌控▸➤lose失控◇The allies lost their hold on the south of the country.盟軍喪失了對該國南部的控制。➤consolidate, increase, strengthen, tighten鞏固影響；收緊管制；加強控制◇Enemy forces have consolidated their hold on the northern province.敵軍已經鞏固了他們對那個省份北部的控制。➤break, loosen, weaken打破控制；削弱影響◇an attempt to break the hold of the Church衝破教會控制的嘗試PREPOSITION➤hold on對⋯的控制◇This had weakened his hold on power.此舉削弱了他手中的權力。➤hold over對⋯的影響◇He no longer had any hold over her.他對她再也沒有什麼影響力了。
hold

verb¹

 1in your hands/arms抓住；抱緊ADVERB➤firmly, securely, tightly緊緊抓住➤carefully小心拿着➤gently, loosely輕輕握住
hold

verb²

 2opinion, etc.觀點ADVERB➤commonly, widely通常／廣泛地認為⋯◇This view is not widely held.這種觀點沒有被廣泛接受。➤deeply, firmly, strongly堅信◇deeply held religious beliefs深深植根的宗教信仰➤privately, publicly個人／公眾認為⋯◇privately held views個人持有的想法
IELTS BNC: 178 COCA: 213
hold verb
⇨ hold (hold a box/baby) ⇨ have 1 (Employees hold 30% of the shares.) ⇨ have 4 (hold a meeting) ⇨ jail (hold sb prisoner) ⇨ keep 3 (held on computer) ⇨ reserve (hold a reservation) ⇨ support 2 (hold sb's weight) ⇨ think (hold views)hold noun
⇨ control (have a hold over sb) ⇨ take (a) hold ⇨ affect verb ⇨ get hold of sth ⇨ get 1 hold

verb

hold ♦︎ hold on ♦︎ cling ♦︎ clutch ♦︎ grip ♦︎ grasp ♦︎ clasp ♦︎ handle ♦︎ hang onThese words all mean to have sb/sth in your hands or arms. 这些词均表示抓住、抱住。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to hold / clutch / grip / clasp sth in your hand / hands / arms◆to hold / clutch / clasp sb / sth in your arms◆to hold / hold on to / cling to / clutch / grip / grasp / clasp / hang on to sb / sth by / with sth◆to hold / clutch / grip / grasp / clasp / hang on to sth◆to hold / cling / hang on◆to hold / clutch / clasp sth to you◆to hold / hold on to / cling on to / clutch / grip / grasp / clasp sb's hand◆to hold / hold on to / cling to / clutch / grip / grasp / clasp / hang on to sb / sth tightly◆to hold / hold on to / cling to / clutch / grip / grasp / clasp sb / sth firmly◆to hold / hold on to / clutch / grip / clasp / hang on to sb / sth tight■ hold (held, held) [transitive] to have sb/sth in your hand or arms 抓住；抱住◆She was holding a large box.她抱着一个大盒子。◆The captain held the trophy in the air.队长把奖杯高高举起。◆I held the baby gently in my arms.我轻轻地抱着宝宝。◆The girl held her father's hand tightly.那女孩紧紧抓着她父亲的手。◆They walked along the street, holding hands.他们手拉手在街上走。◆He held her by the shoulders.他搂着她的双肩。◆The lovers held each other close.这对恋人紧紧相拥。▸ hold

noun

 [singular, uncountable] ◆His hold on her arm tightened.他把她的胳膊抓得更紧了。◆She tried to keep hold of the child's hand.她用力抓住那孩子的手不放。■ ˌhold ˈon■ ˌhold ˈonto sb/sth

phrasal verb

(held, held) [no passive] to continue to hold sb/sth; to put your hand on sb/sth and not take your hand away 抓紧；不放开◆Hold on and don't let go until I say so.抓住别放，等我让你松手再松开。◆It's very windy－you'd better hold on to your hat.风很大，你最好按住帽子。◆He held onto the back of the chair to stop himself from falling.他扶着椅子后背，以免摔倒。■ cling (clung, clung) [intransitive] to hold on to sb/sth tightly, especially with your whole body （尤指全身）抱紧◆Survivors clung to pieces of floating debris.幸存者紧紧抱住漂在水面的残骸。◆Leaves still clung to the branches.叶子依然紧附在树枝上。◆Cling on tight!抱紧！◆They clung together, shivering with cold.他们紧紧抱在一起，冷得直发抖。■ clutch [transitive, intransitive] to hold sb/sth tightly, especially in your hand; to take hold of sth suddenly 紧握；抓紧；突然抓住◆She stood there, the flowers still clutched in her hand.她站在那儿，手里仍然紧握着那束花。◆He gasped, and clutched his stomach.他大口喘着气，紧紧按住自己的胃部。◆He felt himself slipping and clutched at a branch.他感觉自己正往下滑，急忙抓住一根树枝。■ grip (-pp-) [transitive, intransitive] to hold on to sth very tightly with your hand 紧握；紧抓◆'Please don't go,' he said, gripping her arm.“求求你别走。”他紧紧抓住她的手臂说道。◆Grip the rope as tightly as you can.用尽全力握紧绳索。◆She gripped on to the railing with both hands.她双手紧紧抓住栏杆。▸ grip

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆Keep a tight grip on the rope.紧紧抓住绳索别松开。◆The climber slipped and lost his grip.登山者滑了一下，手松开了。■ grasp grɑːsp; NAmE græsp [transitive] to take hold of sth firmly 抓紧；抓牢◆He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.他热情地抓住我的手握了起来。◆Kay grasped him by the wrist.凯紧紧抓住他的手腕。◆He grasped the pan by its handle.他握紧锅柄。ⓘ The object of grasp is often sb's hand or wrist. * grasp的宾语常常是某人的hand或wrist。▸ grasp

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆I grabbed him, but he slipped from my grasp.我紧紧抓着他，可他还是从我手里溜掉了。■ clasp klɑːsp; NAmE klæsp [transitive] (written) to hold sb/sth tightly in your hand or in your arms 握紧；攥紧；抱紧◆He leaned forward, his hands clasped tightly together.他俯身向前，双手十指紧扣。◆They clasped hands (= held each other's hands).他们紧握着对方的手。◆She clasped the children in her arms.她把那些孩子紧紧搂在怀里。◆He clasped her to him.他把她搂抱过来。ⓘ The object of clasp is often your hands, sb else's hand or another person. * clasp的宾语常常是自己或他人的hand或另一个人。▸ clasp

noun

 [singular] ◆He took her hand in his firm clasp.他紧紧地握着她的手。■ handle [transitive] to touch, hold or move sth with your hands （用手）触，拿，搬动◆Our cat hates being handled.我们的猫不喜欢被人摆弄。◆The label on the box said: 'Fragile. Handle with care.'箱子上的标签写着：“易碎，小心轻放。”■ ˌhang ˈon

phrasal verb

(hung, hung) [no passive] to hold on to sth very tightly, especially in order to support yourself or stop yourself from falling 抓紧（尤指以防摔倒）◆Hang on tight. We're off!紧紧抓好了，我们出发了！◆I hung on to him for support.我紧紧抓着他以防摔倒。
IELTS BNC: 178 COCA: 213
hold
To carry something or someone: carry, hold, bring...
To stop someone or something from moving: hold back, intercept, obstruct...
To change your position: balance, bear yourself, bend...
Expressing affection physically: mwah, kiss, hug...
To contain something: include, contents, contain...
To organize an event: organize, prepare, plan...
To have a particular quality or thing: seem, tend, possess...
To have an opinion or opinions: think, believe in, say...
To own something, or to be owned: belong to, own, possess...
To make someone feel a particular emotion or strong emotions: affect, provoke, inspire...
To show or express emotions: show, display, manifest...
To keep something: set aside, collect, set apart...
To put someone in a prison, or to keep them as a prisoner: jail, imprison, detain...
Booking on and travelling by transport: aboard, afloat, aisle seat...
To stop someone doing something: stop, prevent, check...
To feel an emotion: feel, experience, give up to...
To remember: remember, recall, think back...
To remain the same, or to keep something the same: maintain, withstand, stabilize...
To continue to exist or happen: go on, go along, persist...
To do physical exercise as a way of keeping fit: burn off, exercise, firm up...
To sing: sing, sing along, croon...
To believe or accept that something is true or exists: think, believe in, suppose...
Appearing in court: affirm, allow, all rise...
Using a telephone: answer, busy, call...
To be a candidate or winner in an election: campaign, canvass, run...
Invading and taking control by force: invade, occupy, suppress...
Instances of touching, holding and physical contact: touch, contact, hold...
Power, authority, influence and leadership: leadership, power, authority...
Parts of boats and ships: aft, amidships, bay...
Parts of aircraft: aerofoil, aft, aileron...
Mountaineering, rock climbing and caving: abseil, abseiling, ascend...
Permanence and continuity: permanence, continuity, survival...

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