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TOEFL BNC: 3556 COCA: 3556

nail

Word family 
Related topics: Technology, Daily life, Human
ldoce_229_dnail1 /neɪl/ ●●● S3 noun [countableC]  
1  nails.jpg TDa thin pointed piece of metal with a flat top, which you hit into a surface with a hammer, for example to join things together or to hang something on 钉子
 The key was hanging on a nail by the door.
钥匙挂在门边的一颗钉子上。
hammer/bang/hit a nail into something
 She hammered a nail into the wall.
她往墙上敲进一颗钉子。
→5  See picture of nail clippers 指甲刀[钳], manicure kit 美甲用具, nail file 指甲锉 ... →4  See picture of 见图 nail →5 see picture at 见图 screw1
2  HBHyour nails are the hard smooth layers on the ends of your fingers and toes 指甲；趾甲
 I’ve broken my nail.
我弄断了指甲。
 Stop biting your nails!
别咬指甲！
 She sat painting her nails (=putting a coloured substance on them).
她坐着涂指甲油。
 He still had dirt under his nails.
他的指甲里还有脏东西。
→ fingernail, toenail
3  nail in somebody’s/something’s coffin DESTROYone of several bad things which help to destroy someone’s success or hopes 导致某人/某事物失败的因素
 Observers fear that this strike will be another nail in the coffin of the industry.
观察家担心这次罢工将是对该行业的又一次致命打击。
 the final nail in his coffin
他的催命符
Examples from the Corpus
nail in somebody’s/something’s coffin• Another loss would be another nail in Branfoots managerial coffin.• Industry observers fear that this would be another nail in the coffin of the independent record industry.• It is another nail in the coffin of deterrence even if the first generation of cruise will be slow for such a role.• Was not the film's very name, Last Resort, another nail in Margate's coffin?• A final nail in the coffin had been hammered in by Wrede.• For me this was the final nail in the coffin of a terminally dull product.• It also is one more nail in the coffin of formal decor.• In the end, it was also the issue which secured a vital nail in the coffin of Britain's nuclear dream.
4. as hard/tough as nails very tough and not easily frightened, or not caring about the effects of your actions on other people 铁石心肠的，冷酷无情的；非常坚强的
Examples from the Corpus
as hard/tough as nails• Willie O'Connor is as hard as nails and Liam Simpson takes no prisoners.
5  on the nail 
a) British EnglishBrEPAY FOR if you pay money on the nail, you pay it immediately 当即，当场〔付款〕
b) especially American EnglishAmECORRECT completely correct 准确地
 They got it absolutely on the nail.
他们完全正确。
Examples from the Corpus
on the nail• I bet they paid their £1.80 on the nail when they got the magazine.• The Tories got it absolutely on the nail.• The first one mounted the runway and briskly walked its length, barefoot on the nail points.• She brought the hammer down on the nail.• The lavatories also had a birthday, and Dad left ours unlocked with plenty of fresh newspaper on the nail.• Not paying on the nail could be extremely expensive.
→ hit the nail on the head at hit1(26)
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: your nails are the hard smooth layers on the ends of your fingers and toes
adjectives
long
Her long nails were painted a pearly pink.
short
Her nails were short and uneven.
dirty
How did you get such dirty nails?
clean
His nails were neat and clean.
finger nail (also fingernail)
She had small hands with polished finger nails.
toe nail (also toenail)
His toenails were long and dirty.
verbs
cut your nails
You should cut your nails more often!
trim your nails (=cut a small amount off)
His nails were neatly trimmed.
file your nails
A girl was filing her nails on the bus.
bite your nails
Eddie bit his nails nervously.
paint/polish/varnish your nails (=to put coloured liquid on your nails)
Don't paint short nails in dark colours.
manicure your nails (=to make your nails look attractive by cutting them and making the skin around them neat)
She had manicured nails and expensive clothes.
do your nails informal (=to cut or paint your nails)
She sat at her desk, doing her nails.
break a nail (=to accidentally damage a nail on one of your fingers)
Oh, no, I've broken a nail.
Examples from the Corpus
nail• His Dad kept it hanging on a nail in the shed and he'd have noticed right away if it was missing.• Nurse Duckett sat buffing her nails.• She came again, her body wracked with spasms, her nails tearing into his arms.• The deeply incised DE/ED made with a red-hot nail was visible for anyone to see.• I took something from the land and buildings, pieces of bottles and some nails.• Always use a base coat to even out the nail surface and to prevent dark polishes staining.• There will be skin and blood under the nails.• Police Minister Avigdor Kahalani said the explosives were pipe bombs packed with nails.
broken ... nail• Every person born female eventually experiences the annoyance of a broken nail, the peculiar agony of a bad haircut.• She began to pick a broken nail on her left foot.• Her erratic gaze paused briefly on the broken nail she was picking with her other hand.• The moulded plastic capping prevents the broken nails which occur when changing belts on some sanders.
Related topics: Technology, Police
nail2 verb [transitiveT]  
1  [always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]TATTACH to fasten something to something else with nails 钉，将…钉牢
nail something to something
 A sign saying ‘No Fishing’ had been nailed to the tree.
树上钉着一块写有“禁止钓鱼”的牌子。
nail something down
 The lid was firmly nailed down.
盖子被钉得牢牢的。
nail something up (=permanently close a window or door by fixing something across it using nails) 〔用钉子〕封死〔门或窗〕
 The windows had been nailed up.
窗户被封死了。
2  informalSCPCATCH to catch someone and prove that they are guilty of a crime or something bad 抓住，逮住
 It took us 10 years to nail the guy who killed our daughter.
我们花了十年时间，终于将杀害我们女儿的那个家伙绳之以法。
nail somebody for something
 The state police finally nailed him for fraud.
州警方最终以诈骗罪逮捕了他。
3  informal if you nail something, you succeed in getting it, after a lot of time or effort 〔花费很多时间或精力而〕得到
 She finally nailed her dream job.
她终于找到了理想的工作。
n4  informal to do something perfectly, especially when singing or performing
 I thought that song might be too big for you, but you absolutely nailed it!
5. nail a lie/myth British EnglishBrE informalLIE/TELL A LIE to prove that what someone has said is completely untrue 揭穿谎言
6. nail your colours to the mast British EnglishBrE to say clearly and publicly which ideas or which people you support 明确表态
7. nail somebody to the wall/cross especially American EnglishAmE to punish someone severely 严惩某人
Examples from the Corpus
nail somebody to the wall/cross• He set this aside, nailing it to the cross.• Poverty hung about the place like they'd framed it and nailed it to the walls.
8 nail somebody/something ↔ down phrasal verbphr v informal 
a) DECIDEto reach a final and definite agreement or decision about something 最终确定，对…作出定论
 Two days isn’t enough time to nail down the details of an agreement.
要把协议的所有细节都确定下来，两天的时间是不够的。
b) TELL/ORDER somebody TO DO something nail somebody down to force someone to say clearly what they want or what they intend to do 迫使某人表明意图
nail somebody down to
 Before they repair the car, nail them down to a price.
修车前先让他们把价钱讲明白。
Examples from the Corpus
nail• Boitano nailed a superb triple axel jump.• For their sins, they were both nailed and all but crucified on the reef.• I got a hammer and nailed down the floorboards.• Myers was nailed for selling marijuana.• The windows had been nailed shut.• Landry said his radar gun had nailed Soares going 82 m. p. h. on I-93.• Police use radar to nail speeding drivers.• We watched as Dad nailed the fence panels together.• Someone nailed the kitchen cabinets shut.• So how did we nail the opportunist without resorting to high-level warfare?• She nails the quips and finds extra laughs between the lines.• The desks in all the classrooms were nailed to the floor.• These need to be screwed or nailed to the floorboards below.• A large American flag is nailed to the wall above the bed.• The door to the servants' quarters in the attics had been nailed up.
nail something to something• A letter of protest had been nailed to the post.
nail somebody for something• Williams was nailed for burglary.
From Longman Business Dictionary
nailnail1 /neɪl/ verb [transitiveT]
informal to catch someone and prove that they are guilty of a crime or of doing something bad
The government spent vast resources in an unsuccessful effort to nail him on felony charges.
→ nail down
nailnail2 noun
on the nail British EnglishBrE informal if you pay for something on the nail, you pay for it immediately
Not paying on the nail could be extremely expensive.
Origin nail1
Old English nægl
nail1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1nail2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL BNC: 3556 COCA: 3556
nail

noun¹

 1on the fingers/toes手指；腳趾  ➡ see also fingernail , toenail ADJECTIVE | VERB + NAIL | NAIL + VERB | NAIL + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤long, short長指甲；短指甲➤sharp尖指甲➤healthy, strong健康的／堅硬的指甲▸➤brittle易折的指甲➤broken斷裂的指甲➤manicured修剪整齊的指甲➤acrylic, artificial, fake, false水晶指甲；人造指甲；假指甲◇I wore acrylic nails for two months.我接水晶指甲有兩個月時間。➤painted, polished塗了指甲油的指甲VERB + NAIL➤bite, chew咬指甲；啃指甲➤do, manicure修剪指甲；修指甲◇Do your nails after your bath as they will be softer.洗完澡再修剪指甲，因為那時的指甲較軟。➤clean清潔指甲➤clip, cut, trim剪指甲➤file銼指甲➤paint, polish, varnish (BrE) 塗指甲油；上指甲油➤grow留指甲◇I was trying to grow my nails.我那會兒正要把指甲留長。➤examine, inspect, study檢查／查看／端詳指甲◇She inspected her nails casually.她漫不經心地看了看自己的指甲。➤break弄斷指甲➤dig, sink用指甲戳；用指甲摳◇He screamed as she dug her nails into his shoulders.她的指甲摳進他的肩膀時，他大叫起來。➤drag將指甲滑過➤tap用指甲輕叩◇I tapped my nails against the glass.我輕輕地用指甲敲玻璃杯。NAIL + VERB➤grow指甲生長➤break, split指甲折斷／裂開➤scrape sth, scratch sth指甲刮掉⋯／劃破⋯➤bite into sth, dig into sth指甲摳進⋯NAIL + NOUN➤care指甲油 (see also nail polish) ➤brush指甲刷➤clippers, scissors指甲刀；指甲剪➤clippings剪下的指甲➤file指甲銼➤salon美甲店➤technician美甲師➤fungus, infection甲癬；指甲感染PREPOSITION➤under your nail在指甲縫裏◇There was dirt under his nails.他的指甲縫裏有污垢。
nail

noun²

 2piece of metal金屬ADJECTIVE | VERB + NAIL | NAIL + VERB | NAIL + NOUN ADJECTIVE➤long長釘子➤small短釘子➤six-inch, etc. * 6 英寸等長的釘子➤loose鬆動的釘子➤protruding突出的釘子➤bent彎釘子➤rusty生銹的釘子➤brass, iron, etc.銅釘、鐵釘等➤galvanized鍍鋅的釘子➤finishing飾面釘➤coffin, roofing棺材釘；瓦楞釘VERB + NAIL➤drive, hammer, knock釘釘子；用錘子釘釘子；敲釘子◇He knocked the nail into the wall.他把釘子敲進牆裏。➤drive in, hammer in, knock in釘進釘子；用錘子釘進釘子；敲進釘子➤pull out, remove拔出釘子NAIL + VERB➤stick out, stick up釘子突出NAIL + NOUN➤head釘頭➤hole釘眼➤bomb, gun長釘炸彈；射釘槍
TOEFL BNC: 3556 COCA: 3556
TOEFL BNC: 3556 COCA: 3556

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