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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5128 COCA: 3927

metaphor

Word family 
Related topics: Literature
met·a·phor /ˈmetəfə, -fɔː $ -fɔːr/ ●●○ noun [countableC, uncountableU]  
1  ALa way of describing something by referring to it as something different and suggesting that it has similar qualities to that thing 隐喻，暗喻 → simile
 She uses some wonderful images and metaphors in her writing.
她在作品中用了一些绝妙的比喻和暗喻。
 a very creative use of metaphor
隐喻的独到运用
► see thesaurus at language
2. mixed metaphor ALthe use of two different metaphors at the same time to describe something, especially in a way that seems silly or funny 混杂隐喻〔指同时运用两个不同的隐喻描写某物，尤指显得可笑或滑稽〕
Examples from the Corpus
mixed metaphor• I have mixed metaphors for all occasions.• Instances are quoted of highly contrived antithesis, of mixed metaphor and elaborate circumlocution.
3  SIGN/SYMBOLsomething that represents a general idea or quality 象征
metaphor for
 Their relationship is a metaphor for the failure of communication in the modern world.
他们的关系象征现代社会中存在的沟通障碍。
n COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2
verbs
use a metaphor
To use her own metaphor, she is a caged bird who wants to fly free.
extend a metaphor (=to use other metaphors with a similar idea)
The poem extends the metaphor of food still further.
borrow a metaphor from something (=use a metaphor from another subject, book etc)
To borrow an architectural metaphor, you cannot see the whole building if you focus on the individual bricks.
adjectives
a powerful metaphor (=one that works very well)
His election campaign used the powerful metaphor of ‘building a bridge to the next century’.
a vivid metaphor (=one that gives you a picture in your mind)
The book is full of vivid metaphors and powerful images.
an appropriate/apt metaphor (=a very suitable one)
Building on sand is an apt metaphor for the challenge we face.
a central metaphor (=one that a poem or book is based around)
The poet as something carried by the ocean is a central metaphor in the book.
a mixed metaphor (=the use of two different metaphors at the same time to describe something, especially in a way that seems silly or funny)
In a mixed metaphor, she said ‘he stepped up to the plate and took the bull by the horns.’
a religious/military/biological etc metaphor
He uses a military metaphor to describe these women as ‘storming’ the castle of male power.
Examples from the Corpus
metaphor• That is not a metaphor, it is the plain truth.• The rule of thumb for making good use of a metaphor is to compare what is said with what is meant.• There are more ways than one in which a metaphor can mislead.• There are only so many metaphors any choreographer can come up with for anomie.• She was a caged bird, to use her own metaphor, that had to break free.• We use this metaphor to characterize local authorities' responses to care programming.• Through metaphor and symbolism, Thoreau discusses the importance of nature.• Think of the torturous metaphors and similes that the readers would be spared.• Various metaphors have illustrated this fact of spiritual life.
Origin metaphor
(1400-1500) French métaphore, from Latin, from Greek metaphora, from meta- ( → META-) + pherein “to carry”
met·a·phor noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5128 COCA: 3927
metaphor

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + METAPHOR | METAPHOR + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤appropriate, apt, good, perfect貼切的比喻；恰當的比喻▸➤powerful, striking有力的／給人深刻印象的比喻➤useful有用的比喻➤central核心隱喻◇one of the central metaphors in the book該書中的核心隱喻之一➤extended延喻◇an extended metaphor for human existence對人類生存的延喻➤musical, spatial, visual音樂／空間／視覺隱喻▸➤mixed混雜隱喻VERB + METAPHOR➤employ, invoke, use使用比喻；借助隱喻◇He uses the metaphor of fire to represent hatred.他用火來比喻仇恨。➤mix混合隱喻➤develop, extend完善／擴展隱喻METAPHOR + VERB➤describe sth, represent sth隱喻描述⋯／象徵⋯➤imply sth, suggest sth隱喻暗示⋯➤work隱喻適用◇The ladder metaphor works in several ways.梯子的隱喻有幾重含義。PREPOSITION➤metaphor for⋯的隱喻說法◇'This vale of tears' is a metaphor for the human condition.“淚之穀”是塵世的隱喻說法。➤metaphor of⋯的隱喻◇the metaphor of life as a journey把人生比作旅程的隱喻
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5128 COCA: 3927
metaphor

noun

metaphor ♦︎ imagery ♦︎ image ♦︎ allegory ♦︎ simile ♦︎ figure of speechThese are all words for a word or phrase used in an imaginative way to describe sb/sth else. 这些词均表示修辞手法。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) striking metaphor / imagery / image / simile◆(a) powerful / vivid / poetic metaphor / imagery / image◆an appropriate / apt metaphor / image◆to use a metaphor / imagery / an image / a simile / a figure of speech■ metaphor ˈmetəfə(r) [countable, uncountable] a word, phrase or idea used in an imaginative way to describe sb/sth else, in order to show that the two things have the same qualities and to make the description more powerful; the use of such words, phrases and ideas 暗喻；隐喻◆In the story, the game of football is used as a metaphor for the competitive struggle of life.在这篇小说里，足球比赛用来喻指人生中的激烈竞争。◆The writer's use of metaphor is striking.这位作家对隐喻的运用非常引人注目。ⓘ Examples of metaphors include 使用了metaphor手法的例子有◆She has a heart of stone.她铁石心肠。◆All the world's a stage.世界是一个大舞台。 ▸ metaphorical ˌmetəˈfɒrɪkl; NAmE ˌmetəˈfɔːrɪkl, ˌmetəˈfɑːrɪkl

adjective

◆metaphorical language比喻的语言 OPP literal ⓘ The literal meaning of sth is the basic or original meaning, that does not rely on metaphor or imagination. * literal指“字面意义的、本义的”◆The literal meaning of 'petrify' is 'turn to stone'.petrify的字面意思是变成石头。 ▸ metaphorically

adverb

◆I'll leave you in Robin's capable hands－metaphorically speaking, of course!我要把你交到罗宾能干的手上－当然，这只是打个比方。■ imagery ˈɪmɪdʒəri [uncountable] language that produces pictures in the minds of people reading or listening; the use of images 形象的描述；意象；意象的运用◆The poem is full of religious imagery.这首诗里充满了宗教意象。■ image [countable] a picture in the mind that is produced when you read sth 意象◆Her writings are full of poetic images of the countryside.她的作品里充满了富有诗意的乡村意象。■ allegory ˈæləgəri; NAmE ˈæləgɔːri [countable, uncountable] a story, play or picture in which each character or event is a symbol representing an idea or quality, such as truth, evil, death, etc.; the use of such symbols 寓言；讽喻；寓言体；讽喻法◆He gave the example of Orwell's political allegory 'Animal Farm'.他举了奥威尔的政治讽喻小说《动物庄园》的例子。◆We discussed the poet's use of allegory.我们讨论了那位诗人的讽喻手法。▸ allegorical ˌæləˈgɒrɪkl; NAmE ˈæləˈgɔːrɪkl, ˌæləˈgɑːrɪkl

adjective

◆an allegorical figure / novel寓言人物；讽喻小说■ simile ˈsɪməli [countable, uncountable] (technical 术语) a word or phrase that compares sth to sth else, using the words 'like' or 'as'; the use of such words and phrases 明喻；明喻的运用◆The General liked to apply military similes to a very wide variety of matters.这位将军喜欢把军事上的比喻广泛应用于各种事情。◆the writer's use of simile作家对明喻的运用ⓘ Examples of similes include 使用了simile手法的例子有◆a face like a mask面具似的脸◆as white as snow像雪一样白 ■ ˌfigure of ˈspeech (plural figures of speech) [countable] (technical 术语) a word or phrase used in a different way from its usual meaning in order to create a particular mental image or effect 修辞；修辞格◆Children and foreign language learners sometimes take figures of speech literally.儿童和外语学习者有时按字面意义理解修辞手法。▸ figurative ˈfɪgərətɪv, NAmE also ˈfɪgjərətɪv

adjective

 [usually before noun] ◆figurative language比喻的语言 OPP literal ▸ figuratively

adverb

◆She is, figuratively speaking, holding a gun to his head.打个比方说，她正拿枪对着他的脑袋。NOTE 辨析 Which word? Metaphor, allegory and simile are all types of figure of speech. These words all refer to the words, phrases, figures or ideas used to create an image in the mind of the reader. * metaphor、allegory和simile均为figure of speech的一种，运用这些修辞手法都是为了使读者在头脑中形成image。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5128 COCA: 3927
metaphor
Types of word or phrase: acrostic, adjacency pair, Americanism...
Processes in fiction: allegory, anthropomorphic, bathos...
Replacements: assignee, replacement, substitute...

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