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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1826 COCA: 1798

estimate

Word family 
es·ti·mate1 /ˈestəmət/ ●●○ W2 AWL noun [countableC]  
1  CAREFULa calculation of the value, size, amount etc of something made using the information that you have, which may not be complete 估计，估算
 We just need an estimate of the number of people who will come.
我们只需估算一下有多少人会来。
2  COUNT/CALCULATEa statement of how much it will probably cost to build or repair something 〔对建造或修理费用的〕估价，报价
estimate for
 The garage said they’d send me an estimate for the work.
汽车修理厂说他们会给我寄来维修报价。
 COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2
verbs
make an estimate 作估计
Insurers have to make an estimate of the risk involved.
保险公司须评估所涉及的 风险。
give an estimate 作估算
The builder gave me an estimate of £10,000.
承建人给我作的估价是10,000英镑。
provide (somebody with) an estimate (向某人)提供估价
Could you ask him if he can provide us with an estimate?
请你问问他能否给我们一个估价？
put an estimate on something (=say the amount that you think something is) 估计某事物的数量[价值]
It is impossible to put an estimate on the value of the manuscript.
这部手稿的价值无法估量。
an estimate puts something at something 估计某事物的数目为
Independent estimates put the number of refugees at 50,000.
据独立估计，难民人数为50,000。
base an estimate on something (=use something as information to give an estimate) 依据某事物作出估计
nThe government based its estimate on data from the 2008 census.
adjectives
a rough/approximate estimate (=not exact) 粗略/大致估计
Can you give me a rough estimate of how much the repairs will cost?
你能不能替我粗略估算一下修理费用？
an accurate/reliable estimate (=fairly exact) 准确/可靠估计
It’s hard to put an accurate estimate on the number of people affected.
很难准确估计受影响人数。
a conservative estimate (=deliberately low) 保守估计
By conservative estimates, 2.5 million people die each year from smoking cigarettes.
据保守估计，每年有250万人死于吸烟。
an official estimate (=accepted by people in authority) 官方估计
According to official army estimates, more than 500 rebels had been killed.
据军方估计，有五百多名叛乱分子丧命。
current/recent estimates (=ones that are accepted now) 目前的/最近的估计
nAccording to current estimates, the country can expect 200,000 visitors in the next three years.
the latest estimates (=the most recent ones) 最新的估计
nThe latest estimates are that sea levels could rise by about 20 cm by 2050.
earlier/previous estimates 早先的/先前的估计
nThese amounts are much higher than those given in previous estimates.
the original estimate (=the one given at the beginning of a process) 最初的估计
nThe final cost was nearly three times the original estimate.
phrases
according to an estimate 据估计
According to some estimates, an acre of forest is cleared every minute.
据估计，每分钟有一英亩森林消失。
estimates range/vary from ... to ... 估计数目在…至…范围内
Estimates of the number of homeless people in the city range from 6,000 to 10,000.
该市无家可归者的人数估计在6,000至10,000之间。
Examples from the Corpus
estimate• I'm allowing $300, but that's only an estimate.• This leads immediately to an estimate of about 360,000 heavily employed trainers needed in addition to school, college and tertiary education staff.• I've asked the builders to give us an estimate for fixing the roof.• Q: Could you give us an estimate as to how many people were in the ditch?• December sales will put earnings for the fourth quarter and all of fiscal 1996 below Wall Street analysts' estimates.• The paintings have been valued at $3.5 million, which is probably a conservative estimate.• We're predicting a 10% rise in oil prices -- and that's a conservative estimate.• According to a government estimate, the number of refugees is at least 18 million.• A number of estimates have been made of the effects of regional policy in terms of new jobs created directly and indirectly.• Lovech was open from 1959 until April 1962 and interned 12,035, people according to official estimates.• The final cost was £2000 higher than the original estimate.• At a rough estimate, staff are recycling less than a quarter of the paper we buy.• These are the figures, but they're only a rough estimate.• This proposal represents a rough estimate of the cost of materials and labor.• Officials said Huntcor's estimate of building costs was about $3 million more than expected.• According to some estimates, almost two thirds of the city has been destroyed by the earthquake.• But outside observers have been sharply scaling back their estimates.• This was done by giving subjects a maximum number of accidents which their estimates could not exceed.• We got two or three estimates on the car.• With estimates as high as $ 200 billion, this is a very important question.
es·ti·mate2 /ˈestɪmeɪt/ ●●○ S3 W2 AWL verb [transitiveT]  
GUESSto try to judge the value, size, speed, cost etc of something, without calculating it exactly 估计，估算
be estimated to be/have/cost etc
 The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.
这棵树估计至少有700年树龄。
estimate something at something
 Organizers estimated the crowd at 50,000.
组织者估计聚集人数有50,000。
estimate that
 Scientists estimate that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 12 years on average.
科学家估计吸烟平均缩短寿命约12年。
estimate how many/what etc
 It is not easy to estimate how many people have the disease.
很难估计有多少人患有这种病。
 Register
In everyday English, people often say put something at an amount rather than estimate something at: 在日常英语中，人们常说 put sth at an amount，而不说 estimate sth at
The damage was put at thousands of dollars.
损失估计有数千美元 。
n Grammar
In more formal English, you say it is estimated that something is true:
It is estimated that the statue weighs 60 tons.
—estimated adjectiveadj
 heroin with an estimated street value of £50,000
黑市价值估计为50,000英镑的海洛因
—estimator noun [countableC]
Examples from the Corpus
estimate• Up to 60,000 temporary jobs are expected to pump an estimated $ 2 billion in wages into the local economy.• The real amount at risk is perhaps only 1 percent to 1. 5 percent of the notional figure, bankers estimate.• His personal fortune is estimated at £150 million.• Can you estimate how much fabric you will need for the curtains?• Our staff will help you estimate how much fabric you will require.• The committee did not estimate how much such a program would cost.• Analysts estimate sales could reach $ 300 million a year once regulatory hurdles are cleared and full marketing gets under way.• Lambert said the state has estimated that 75,000 Texas families are educating their children at home.• He estimates that between 35- 41 percent of all useful land is affected by erosion.• Police estimate that over 10,000 people took part in the demonstration.• The police department estimates that the number of violent crimes will increase this year by about 15%.• Analysts estimate the business earned about $135 million last year.• The mechanic estimated the cost of repairs at $350.• At moderate speeds, Wade estimated, the topped-off tanks gave him a two-hundred-mile cruising range.• Industry sources estimate the value of the ranch at $7 million.• Ultimately biliary cirrhosis results and the median survival has been estimated to be 12 years.• At that point, the public sector deficit was estimated to be around £45 billion.• As much as £750,000 extra in investment from Manchester and other northern councils was estimated to be available if the paper moved.
be estimated to be/have/cost etc• Microsoft is estimated to be targeting the 50 million or so potential users of the Windows operating system.• School attendance for the age group seven to eleven years is estimated to be 40 percent.• The cost per day of medical, nursing, and hotel services on a ward was estimated to be £128.• The income from farming in Northern Ireland in 1992 is estimated to have amounted to £224.2m.• In 1987,2.2 million people over pension age are estimated to have had incomes below the level of Income Support.• Shining Path, which once was estimated to have more than 5,000 armed guerrillas, also is diminished.• This year, another 135,950 Californians are estimated to be diagnosed as having the disease.
From Longman Business Dictionary
estimatees·ti·mate1 /ˈestəmət/ noun [countableC]
1a calculation of what the value, size, amount etc of something will probably be
They were able to give us a rough estimate (=a not very exact one) of the cost.
Even the most conservative estimates (=deliberately low) suggest we need to build one million new homes.
2a statement of how much it will probably cost to build or repair somethingSYN QUOTATION, QUOTE
Get several estimates before starting any building work.
Nuclear power stations are notoriously unreliable and construction costs go way over original estimates.
estimatees·ti·mate2 /ˈestɪmeɪt/ verb [intransitiveI, transitiveT]
to calculate what you think the value, size, amount etc of something is or will probably be
Officials estimate that supply has exceeded demand by £7.5 billion since the beginning of 2005.
The value of the deal is estimated at £12 million.
Origin estimate2
(1500-1600) Latin past participle of aestimare “to think important”
es·ti·mate1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1es·ti·mate2 verb →n GRAMMAR1 →REGISTER1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1826 COCA: 1798
estimate

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + ESTIMATE | ESTIMATE + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤official, unofficial官方／非官方估計▸➤current, recent目前／近期估計◇Current estimates suggest that supplies will run out within six months.據目前估計，供給品將在 6 個月之內用盡。➤early, initial, original, preliminary早期／最初／原先／初步估計➤latest最新估計◇Inflation could rise by 15% according to the latest estimate.據最新估計，通貨膨脹率可能上升 15%。➤accurate, inaccurate準確的／不準確的估計◇Inaccurate estimates can lead to overproduction.不精確的估計會導致生產過剩。➤fair, good, realistic, reasonable, reliable公正的／適當的／實事求是的／合理的／可靠的估計▸➤best最好的估計◇Flight times in the brochure are based on our best estimate, and will be confirmed as soon as possible.小冊子裏的航班時間是盡可能準確的估計，會盡快得到確認。➤approximate, rough大致的／粗略的估計➤precise精確的估計◇The manufacturers will not make precise estimates.製造商不會作出精確的估計。➤conservative, low保守的／偏低的估計◇I think 15 000 will turn out to be a very low estimate.我認為結果會證明 15,000 是非常低的估計。➤high, inflated偏高的／誇大的估計◇According to the highest estimate, over 100 000 men died in the battle.據最高估計，有 10 多萬人死於這場戰爭。➤optimistic, pessimistic樂觀的／悲觀的估計➤overall總體估計◇an overall estimate of test performance性能測試的總體估計➤annual年度估計◇annual estimates of total cost總成本的年度估計➤cost, earnings成本／收入估算◇The slump is causing analysts to revise earnings estimates for next year.經濟衰退使得分析家們修正了下一年的收入估算。➤population人口估計◇annual population estimates for small geographic areas小區域的年度人口估計➤casualty傷亡估計◇Casualty estimates vary considerably.不同傷亡估計的出入很大。VERB + ESTIMATE➤calculate, make估計◇Can you make an estimate of the numbers involved?您能估計一下參與人數嗎？➤generate, give (sb), produce, provide (sb with), submit形成估計；給（某人）估算；（給某人）提供預估；提交評估◇Three companies submitted estimates for the work.3 家公司呈交了這項工作的評估結果。➤obtain獲得預估◇How can one obtain the revised estimates?如何才能獲得修訂後的估算呢？➤adjust, refine, revise調整／精確調整／修正預估➤compare對比預估◇We compared estimates for various materials.我們比較了對各種不同材料的評估結果。➤exceed超過估計◇It appears that the total will exceed the estimate.總額好像要超過估計值。ESTIMATE + VERB➤be based on sth估計基於⋯▸➤indicate sth, predict sth, reflect sth, say sth, show sth, suggest sth估計表明⋯／預示⋯／反映⋯／顯示⋯／說明⋯／暗示⋯◇One estimate suggests that 30 000 jobs may be lost.一項估計認為有可能失去 3 萬個職位。➤put sth at估計⋯達到⋯水平◇Some estimates put the figure as high as 50%.有些估計認為這一數字高達 50%。➤differ, range, vary估計結果的幅度為⋯◇Cost estimates vary from $50 000 to $200 000.估計花費為 5 萬到 20 萬美元。PREPOSITION➤according to an/the estimate根據估計◇According to the revised estimate, four million people will be without homes.根據修正過的估計，400 萬人將無家可歸。➤at an estimate據某種估計◇Even at a conservative estimate, there is a lot of work to be done.即使保守估計，也有大量工作要做。➤in an/the estimate在估計中◇In his first estimate, he suggested a figure of £5 000.在他的最初估計裏，他提出的數額是 5,000 英鎊。➤estimate by, estimate from⋯作出的估計；來自⋯的估計◇By one estimate she earns $80 million a year.根據一項估計，她一年掙 8,000 萬美元。➤estimate for對⋯的估計◇We will send you an estimate for the repairs.我們會將這次修理的估價發送給你。➤estimate of關於⋯的估計◇an estimate of profits利潤估計◇an estimate of £300300 英鎊的估價
estimate

verb

ADVERB | VERB + ESTIMATE | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤currently目前估計➤initially, originally最初估計➤previously先前估計◇substantially more than previously estimated遠遠超過先前的估計➤accurately, correctly, precisely, reliably準確地／正確地／精確地／可靠地估計➤roughly粗略估計◇how to roughly estimate your caloric intake如何粗略估計熱量攝入➤conservatively保守估計◇It is conservatively estimated that not less than half a million people died in the famine.據保守估計，死於這場饑荒的人數不下 50 萬。VERB + ESTIMATE➤be difficult to, be hard to, be impossible to難以估計；無法估計➤be easy to, be possible to容易／可以估計◇This made it possible to estimate the effect of workplace ventilation.這樣就能夠估計工作場所的通風效果。➤be used to用於估計◇The results of the survey were used to estimate the preferences of the population at large.調查結果已用於估計公眾的大致喜好。PREPOSITION➤at估計為⋯◇We estimated the cost at €50 000.我們估計費用為 5 萬歐元。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1826 COCA: 1798
estimate noun
⇨ estimate (a rough estimate of the size) ⇨ valuation (get estimates for the repair work) estimate

noun

estimate ♦︎ count ♦︎ calculation ♦︎ tally ♦︎ reckoningThese are all words for ways of using numbers to guess or find out an amount or total. 这些词均表示估计、计算。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a / an accurate / precise estimate / count / calculation◆a rough / quick / approximate estimate / count / calculation◆to make an estimate / a calculation◆to do a count / calculation◆to keep a count / tally of sth◆By my / his, etc. estimate / calculations / reckoning...■ estimate [countable] a judgement that you make about the size, amount, cost, etc. of sth, without having the exact details or figures （对大小、数量、成本等的）估计，估算◆I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need.我可以粗略估计一下你所需要的木材量。◆a ballpark estimate (= an approximate estimate) 大致的估算◆These are the official government estimates of traffic growth over the next decade.下面是政府对今后十年交通增长的官方估计。◆At least 5 000 people were killed, and that's a conservative estimate (= the real figure will be higher).至少5 000人丧生，而且是保守估计。■ count [countable, usually singular] an act of counting to find the total number of sth; the total number that you find; an act of saying numbers in order beginning with 1 数出总数；总数；（按顺序的）数数◆If the election result is close, there will be a second count.如果选举结果很接近，将进行第二次计票。◆ (BrE) At the last count she had 43 cats!根据最新数字统计，她有43只猫！◆ (NAmE) At last count she had 43 cats!根据最新数字统计，她有43只猫！◆The body count (= the total number of people who have died) stands at 24.死亡人数总计24人。◆I've lost count of the (= forgotten how many) times I've heard that joke.我已经记不清那个笑话听过多少回了。◆On the count of three, take one step forward.数到三，就向前迈一步。  see also count ⇨ count verb ■ calculation [countable, uncountable] the act or process of using numbers to find out an amount 计算◆She made a rough calculation in her head.她在脑子里粗略地算了算。◆By my calculations, we made a profit of £20 000 last year.我算了一下，我们去年的盈利达2万英镑。◆Our guess was confirmed by calculation.我们的猜测经计算得到了证实。  see also calculate ⇨ calculate NOTE 辨析 Count or calculation? Count refers to adding numbers together; calculation often refers to other mathematical functions such as multiplying and dividing numbers. * count指加总，calculation常涉及其他运算方式，如乘除等。■ tally [countable] a record of the number or amount of sth, especially one that you can keep adding to （数目的）记录；积分表；账◆Keep a tally of how much you spend while you're away.把你外出期间的花费都记录下来。◆She scored four more points, taking her tally to 15.她又得了四分，总计15分。   see also tally ⇨ count verb ■ reckoning [uncountable, countable] the act of using numbers to find out an amount, especially in a way that is not very exact 估算；估计；计算◆By my reckoning you still owe me £5.我算过了，你还欠我5英镑。 estimate

verb

  ➡ See also the entries for calculate and count 另见calculate条和count条estimate ♦︎ guess ♦︎ judge ♦︎ reckon ♦︎ calculate ♦︎ gauge ♦︎ figure ♦︎ extrapolateThese words all mean to form an idea of the cost, size, value, etc. of sth but without calculating it exactly. 这些词均表示估计、估算。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to estimate / guess / judge / reckon / calculate / gauge / extrapolate sth from sth◆to estimate / reckon / calculate sth at sth◆to estimate / guess / judge / reckon / calculate / figure / extrapolate that...◆to estimate / guess / judge / figure / calculate / gauge how much / how many / how far, etc.◆to estimate / guess / judge / reckon / calculate / gauge / figure sth to be sth◆to estimate / guess / judge / calculate / gauge the amount / value / size / distance◆to estimate / guess / calculate sb / sth's age◆to estimate / judge / gauge the depth■ estimate [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to form an idea of the likely cost, size, value, etc. of sth, but without calculating it exactly 估计；估算◆Police estimated the size of the crowd at 50 000.警方估计人群约有5万人。◆Estimate the time it will take to complete each section.估算一下完成每一部分需要的时间。◆The satellite will cost an estimated $500m.估计这颗卫星将耗资5亿元。◆It is estimated that the project will last about four years.据估计，这项工程将历时四年。  see also estimate ⇨ valuation noun ■ guess [transitive] to find the right answer to a question or the truth about sth without knowing all the facts 猜对；猜中；猜到◆She guessed the answer straight away.她一下子就猜中了答案。◆I guessed, rightly, that the keys would be under the doormat.我猜对了，钥匙在门垫下面。◆You'll never guess where they've gone.你绝对猜不到他们去哪儿了。  see also guess ⇨ speculation noun ■ judge [transitive] to estimate the size, amount, etc. of sth without measuring it exactly 估计，猜测（大小、数量等）◆Young children are unable to judge the speed of traffic.小孩子不懂得估算车辆的速度。◆I judged him to be about 50.我估计他约莫50岁左右。NOTE 辨析 Estimate or judge? Estimate is used especially to talk about things such as costs, which you would have to calculate to know exactly. Judge is used more for things such as distances, depths and speeds, which you would have to measure to know exactly. People often estimate future costs and lengths of time which cannot be calculated exactly, by thinking carefully about what is likely, given the information that they have. People often have to judge distances and speeds quickly, not by thinking carefully about all the available information, but by using their past experience as a guide. * estimate尤指对须计算才能得到准确数值的事物进行估算，如cost（成本）。judge多与distance、depth、speed搭配，指对需要测量才能得出具体数据的距离、深度、速度等方面进行判定。estimate常指根据已有信息，对所需的费用和时间等不能确切计算的概念进行仔细评估。judge常指凭借经验迅速对距离和速度作出判断，而不是对所有的信息仔细考量后再作出判定。■ reckon [transitive, often passive] to estimate an amount or time approximately 估算；估计◆The age of the earth is reckoned to be about 4 600 million years.估计地球的年龄大约为46亿年。◆They reckon (that) their profits were down by 30%.他们估计利润减少了30%。◆The trip was reckoned to take over two days.这次旅行估计要花两天多。ⓘ An amount or time that is reckoned may be more approximate than one that has been estimated. * reckon对时间的估算要比estimate更准确。■ calculate [transitive] to guess sth or form an opinion by using all the information available 预测；推测◆It's impossible to calculate the extent of his influence on her.无法估计他对她的影响有多大。◆Environmentalists calculate that hundreds of plant species may be affected.环保主义者预测数百种植物可能受到影响。  see also calculate ⇨ calculate ■ gauge (NAmE also gage) geɪdʒ [transitive] (rather formal) to estimate the level or amount of sth approximately 估计，估算（水平或数量）◆We were able to gauge the strength of the wind from the movement of the trees.我们可以根据树的摆动估算风力强度。  see also gauge ⇨ criterion noun ■ figure [transitive] (especially NAmE, rather informal) to estimate the amount, cost or age of sb/sth, especially approximately 估计，估算（数量、成本或年龄）◆If we can figure roughly how much it will cost, we can decide what to do.如果我们能大致估算出费用是多少，就能决定怎么走下一步了。ⓘ In American English figure can also be used to talk about calculating sth exactly. 在美式英语中，figure还可表示准确计算。   see also figure ⇨ calculate ■ extrapolate ɪkˈstræpəleɪt [intransitive, transitive] (formal) to estimate sth or form an opinion about sth, using the facts that you have now and that are valid for one situation and supposing that they will be valid for the new one 推断；推知；推算◆The figures were obtained by extrapolating from past trends.这些数据是根据过去的趋势推断出来的。◆These results cannot be extrapolated to other patient groups.这些结果不能够推及到其他患者群。▸ extrapolation

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆Their age can be determined by extrapolation from their growth rate.它们的年龄可以从它们的生长速度来推定。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1826 COCA: 1798
estimate
To calculate or count: calculate, count, estimate...
To guess: guess, estimate, gauge...
Describing and introducing guesses: about, around, at a guess...
Guesses and estimates: guess, estimate, speculation...
Bills: billing, bill of exchange, bill of sale...

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