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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1826 COCA: 1798

estimate

Word family 
es·ti·mate1 /ˈestəmət/ ●●○ W2 AWL noun [countableC]  
1  CAREFULa calculation of the value, size, amount etc of something made using the information that you have, which may not be complete 估计，估算
 We just need an estimate of the number of people who will come.
我们只需估算一下有多少人会来。
2  COUNT/CALCULATEa statement of how much it will probably cost to build or repair something 〔对建造或修理费用的〕估价，报价
estimate for
 The garage said they’d send me an estimate for the work.
汽车修理厂说他们会给我寄来维修报价。
 COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2
verbs
make an estimate 作估计
Insurers have to make an estimate of the risk involved.
保险公司须评估所涉及的 风险。
give an estimate 作估算
The builder gave me an estimate of £10,000.
承建人给我作的估价是10,000英镑。
provide (somebody with) an estimate (向某人)提供估价
Could you ask him if he can provide us with an estimate?
请你问问他能否给我们一个估价？
put an estimate on something (=say the amount that you think something is) 估计某事物的数量[价值]
It is impossible to put an estimate on the value of the manuscript.
这部手稿的价值无法估量。
an estimate puts something at something 估计某事物的数目为
Independent estimates put the number of refugees at 50,000.
据独立估计，难民人数为50,000。
base an estimate on something (=use something as information to give an estimate) 依据某事物作出估计
nThe government based its estimate on data from the 2008 census.
adjectives
a rough/approximate estimate (=not exact) 粗略/大致估计
Can you give me a rough estimate of how much the repairs will cost?
你能不能替我粗略估算一下修理费用？
an accurate/reliable estimate (=fairly exact) 准确/可靠估计
It’s hard to put an accurate estimate on the number of people affected.
很难准确估计受影响人数。
a conservative estimate (=deliberately low) 保守估计
By conservative estimates, 2.5 million people die each year from smoking cigarettes.
据保守估计，每年有250万人死于吸烟。
an official estimate (=accepted by people in authority) 官方估计
According to official army estimates, more than 500 rebels had been killed.
据军方估计，有五百多名叛乱分子丧命。
current/recent estimates (=ones that are accepted now) 目前的/最近的估计
nAccording to current estimates, the country can expect 200,000 visitors in the next three years.
the latest estimates (=the most recent ones) 最新的估计
nThe latest estimates are that sea levels could rise by about 20 cm by 2050.
earlier/previous estimates 早先的/先前的估计
nThese amounts are much higher than those given in previous estimates.
the original estimate (=the one given at the beginning of a process) 最初的估计
nThe final cost was nearly three times the original estimate.
phrases
according to an estimate 据估计
According to some estimates, an acre of forest is cleared every minute.
据估计，每分钟有一英亩森林消失。
estimates range/vary from ... to ... 估计数目在…至…范围内
Estimates of the number of homeless people in the city range from 6,000 to 10,000.
该市无家可归者的人数估计在6,000至10,000之间。
Examples from the Corpus
estimate• I'm allowing $300, but that's only an estimate.• This leads immediately to an estimate of about 360,000 heavily employed trainers needed in addition to school, college and tertiary education staff.• I've asked the builders to give us an estimate for fixing the roof.• Q: Could you give us an estimate as to how many people were in the ditch?• December sales will put earnings for the fourth quarter and all of fiscal 1996 below Wall Street analysts' estimates.• The paintings have been valued at $3.5 million, which is probably a conservative estimate.• We're predicting a 10% rise in oil prices -- and that's a conservative estimate.• According to a government estimate, the number of refugees is at least 18 million.• A number of estimates have been made of the effects of regional policy in terms of new jobs created directly and indirectly.• Lovech was open from 1959 until April 1962 and interned 12,035, people according to official estimates.• The final cost was £2000 higher than the original estimate.• At a rough estimate, staff are recycling less than a quarter of the paper we buy.• These are the figures, but they're only a rough estimate.• This proposal represents a rough estimate of the cost of materials and labor.• Officials said Huntcor's estimate of building costs was about $3 million more than expected.• According to some estimates, almost two thirds of the city has been destroyed by the earthquake.• But outside observers have been sharply scaling back their estimates.• This was done by giving subjects a maximum number of accidents which their estimates could not exceed.• We got two or three estimates on the car.• With estimates as high as $ 200 billion, this is a very important question.
es·ti·mate2 /ˈestɪmeɪt/ ●●○ S3 W2 AWL verb [transitiveT]  
GUESSto try to judge the value, size, speed, cost etc of something, without calculating it exactly 估计，估算
be estimated to be/have/cost etc
 The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.
这棵树估计至少有700年树龄。
estimate something at something
 Organizers estimated the crowd at 50,000.
组织者估计聚集人数有50,000。
estimate that
 Scientists estimate that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 12 years on average.
科学家估计吸烟平均缩短寿命约12年。
estimate how many/what etc
 It is not easy to estimate how many people have the disease.
很难估计有多少人患有这种病。
 Register
In everyday English, people often say put something at an amount rather than estimate something at: 在日常英语中，人们常说 put sth at an amount，而不说 estimate sth at
The damage was put at thousands of dollars.
损失估计有数千美元 。
n Grammar
In more formal English, you say it is estimated that something is true:
It is estimated that the statue weighs 60 tons.
—estimated adjectiveadj
 heroin with an estimated street value of £50,000
黑市价值估计为50,000英镑的海洛因
—estimator noun [countableC]
Examples from the Corpus
estimate• Up to 60,000 temporary jobs are expected to pump an estimated $ 2 billion in wages into the local economy.• The real amount at risk is perhaps only 1 percent to 1. 5 percent of the notional figure, bankers estimate.• His personal fortune is estimated at £150 million.• Can you estimate how much fabric you will need for the curtains?• Our staff will help you estimate how much fabric you will require.• The committee did not estimate how much such a program would cost.• Analysts estimate sales could reach $ 300 million a year once regulatory hurdles are cleared and full marketing gets under way.• Lambert said the state has estimated that 75,000 Texas families are educating their children at home.• He estimates that between 35- 41 percent of all useful land is affected by erosion.• Police estimate that over 10,000 people took part in the demonstration.• The police department estimates that the number of violent crimes will increase this year by about 15%.• Analysts estimate the business earned about $135 million last year.• The mechanic estimated the cost of repairs at $350.• At moderate speeds, Wade estimated, the topped-off tanks gave him a two-hundred-mile cruising range.• Industry sources estimate the value of the ranch at $7 million.• Ultimately biliary cirrhosis results and the median survival has been estimated to be 12 years.• At that point, the public sector deficit was estimated to be around £45 billion.• As much as £750,000 extra in investment from Manchester and other northern councils was estimated to be available if the paper moved.
be estimated to be/have/cost etc• Microsoft is estimated to be targeting the 50 million or so potential users of the Windows operating system.• School attendance for the age group seven to eleven years is estimated to be 40 percent.• The cost per day of medical, nursing, and hotel services on a ward was estimated to be £128.• The income from farming in Northern Ireland in 1992 is estimated to have amounted to £224.2m.• In 1987,2.2 million people over pension age are estimated to have had incomes below the level of Income Support.• Shining Path, which once was estimated to have more than 5,000 armed guerrillas, also is diminished.• This year, another 135,950 Californians are estimated to be diagnosed as having the disease.
From Longman Business Dictionary
estimatees·ti·mate1 /ˈestəmət/ noun [countableC]
1a calculation of what the value, size, amount etc of something will probably be
They were able to give us a rough estimate (=a not very exact one) of the cost.
Even the most conservative estimates (=deliberately low) suggest we need to build one million new homes.
2a statement of how much it will probably cost to build or repair somethingSYN QUOTATION, QUOTE
Get several estimates before starting any building work.
Nuclear power stations are notoriously unreliable and construction costs go way over original estimates.
estimatees·ti·mate2 /ˈestɪmeɪt/ verb [intransitiveI, transitiveT]
to calculate what you think the value, size, amount etc of something is or will probably be
Officials estimate that supply has exceeded demand by £7.5 billion since the beginning of 2005.
The value of the deal is estimated at £12 million.
Origin estimate2
(1500-1600) Latin past participle of aestimare “to think important”
es·ti·mate1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1es·ti·mate2 verb →n GRAMMAR1 →REGISTER1
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