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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2584 COCA: 2656

survival

Word family 
sur·viv·al /səˈvaɪvəl $ sər-/ ●●○ W3 AWL noun  
1  LIVING/ALIVE[uncountableU] the state of continuing to live or exist 继续生存；幸存
survival of
 Illegal hunting is threatening the survival of the species.
非法狩猎正威胁着物种的生存。
 The doctors gave him a one in ten chance of survival.
医生说他有十分之一的生存希望。
 A lot of small companies are having to fight for survival (=work hard in order to continue to exist).
很多小公司不得不挣扎求生。
2. survival of the fittest COMPETE WITH/TRY TO BEATa situation in which only the strongest and most successful people or things continue to exist 适者生存
Examples from the Corpus
survival of the fittest• We are now entering the era of strict personal accountability, value for money, and survival of the fittest.• It is survival of the fittest out there and if I had to do it again I believe I would.• They call it survival of the fittest, although it's their own survival they are now worried about.• And as all we fifths of six know, life is, ahem, strictly survival of the fittest.• These are metaphors of battle, struggle and the survival of the fittest.• Skiing involves the survival of the fittest.• The law of the survival of the fittest was not made by man.
3  a survival from something especially British EnglishBrEREMAIN/BE LEFT something that has continued to exist from a much earlier period, especially when similar things have disappeared 某事物的残存物 [遗风，遗迹] SYN relic
 The cult is a survival from the old Zoroastrian religion.
这种膜拜仪式是古老的拜火教遗留下来的。
Examples from the Corpus
a survival from something• These were a survival from his army days and, therefore, some way from being sexually provocative.
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
long-term survival
The long-term survival of polar bears is at risk.
continued survival
The continued survival of this species of dolphin seems unlikely.
economic survival
Both countries depend on wildlife-based tourism for their economic survival.
political survival
The prime minister is fighting for his political survival.
survival + NOUN
the survival rate
The survival rate of animals returned to the wild remains an unanswered question.
somebody’s survival instinct (=a natural ability to know how to survive)
My survival instinct told me to get up and run.
survival skills
They learned survival skills from the local Indian tribe.
a survival strategy
The best survival strategy is to avoid putting yourself in unnecessary danger.
verbs
fight/struggle for survival
Many construction companies are fighting for survival.
ensure the survival of something/somebody
Controlling land development would ensure the survival of many types of wildlife.
owe your survival to somebody/something
The frogs owe their survival to a conservation program.
phrases
somebody’s chance(s) of survival
He knew that his chances of survival were small.
somebody’s fight/struggle/battle for survival
Their lives had been one long struggle for survival.
Examples from the Corpus
survival• It has come to have a bearing on the larger questions of civilized survival.• It does not seem regressive to put it to use in the service of gay survival as well.• But if we think of our target as anything that would improve survival chances, the argument still works.• Doctors say his chances of survival are not good.• It was my own survival mechanism.• The important things are the genes, which are selfish, in seeking their own survival by any means.• This in itself is why the panda's survival is becoming more and more dubious every year.• However, subversive survival strategies were possible.
fight for survival• Two years ago, he arrived battered, beaten and fighting for survival in the face of Republican victories in 1994.• Time allowed 00:22 Read in studio Five puppies are fighting for survival after being left to die in a rubbish sack.• Now they are fighting for survival.• The old chairman still worries about them, about the continued fight for survival.• This argument is that the inverse relationship is a result of desperate families fighting for survival from too small pieces of land.• Transformation gave way to a grim fight for survival.• The deal, which is worth almost seventeen million pounds, depends on Morland winning its fight for survival.• The miners took their fight for survival to Downing Street yesterday with a 638,000-name petition opposing the closures.
From Longman Business Dictionary
survivalsur·viv·al /səˈvaɪvəlsər-/ noun
1[uncountableU] the state of continuing to exist, even though a situation is difficult
The change of strategy will ensure the firm’seconomic survival.
Survival in commercial business often depends on a company’s ability to expand its product line.
2survival of the fittest a situation in which only the strongest and most successful people, organizations etc continue to exist
In today’s business climate, survival of the fittest means survival of the fastest to respond to the changing market.
sur·viv·al noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus

See also: survive

TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2584 COCA: 2656
survival

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + SURVIVAL | SURVIVAL + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤long-term, short-term長期／短期生存▸➤continued, future延續的／未來的生存◇They are working to ensure the continued survival of this species.他們正致力於確保這個物種能繼續存活下去。➤day-to-day日常生存▸➤improved提高的存活率◇The study showed improved survival of patients using the drug.研究表明使用這種藥物的病人存活率有所提高。➤miraculous奇跡般的幸存▸➤business, economic, human, national, physical, political企業／經濟／人類／民族／物質／政治生存VERB + SURVIVAL➤fight for為生存而奮鬥▸➤assure, ensure保證／確保生存◇The campaign will hopefully ensure the survival of the tiger.這次宣傳運動有望確保老虎的生存。➤improve, prolong改善生存狀況；延長存活時間◇Chemotherapy can prolong survival in cancer patients.化療能延長癌症病人的生命。➤threaten威脅生存◇The arrival of this South American predator threatened the survival of native species.這種南美捕食者的到來威脅到了當地物種的生存。➤affect, influence影響生存▸➤be critical for/to, be crucial for/to, be essential to, be necessary for, be vital for/to對生存至關重要；對生存必不可少；生死攸關◇Adaptability is essential to survival in a changing environment.在多變的環境中，適應性對維持生存不可或缺。SURVIVAL + NOUN➤chances, rate幸存幾率；存活率▸➤skills, strategy生存技能／策略▸➤guide (= book) , kit生存指南；救生包◇The expedition members carried flares in their survival kit.探險隊員們帶了信號燈放在他們的救生包裏。➤instinct求生本能➤advantage, benefit生存優勢◇In rare cases, a mutation confers a survival advantage to the organism.在極少數情況下，基因突變會給生物帶來生存優勢。PREPOSITION➤survival against面對⋯生存◇the struggle for survival against such well-armed enemies與裝備精良的敵人進行的生死之戰➤survival as作為⋯繼續◇his survival as leader他的領導地位的維持PHRASES➤a battle for survival, a fight for survival, a struggle for survival生存之戰◇Here, life is a battle for survival.在這裏，活着就是為生存而戰。➤be a matter of survival, be a question of survival生死存亡的問題◇For the poorest people, life was merely a matter of survival.對最貧窮的人來說，生活只是爭取活命。➤a chance of survival, chances of survival生存幾率◇Doctors gave him only a 50% chance of survival.醫生說他只有 50% 的存活幾率。◇Her chances of survival are poor.她存活的幾率很低。➤the instinct for survival生存本能◇He lacked the common instinct for survival.他缺乏起碼的生存本能。➤survival of the fittest適者生存◇Darwin's theory of the survival of the fittest達爾文的適者生存理論◇Survival of the fittest means that only those who make the company a lot of money keep their jobs.適者生存意味着只有那些為公司賺了大錢的人能保住工作。➤a threat to the survival of sth對⋯生存的威脅◇The main threat to the survival of these creatures comes from their loss of habitat.棲息地的喪失是這些生物生存的最大威脅。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2584 COCA: 2656
survival noun
⇨ life 1
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2584 COCA: 2656
survival
Permanence and continuity: permanence, continuity, survival...

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