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TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865

proof

Word family 
Related topics: Newspapers, printing, publishing, Maths, Drink
proof1 /pruːf/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun  
1  evidence 证据 [countableC, uncountableU]PROVE facts, information, documents etc that prove something is true 证明；证据
proof of
 proof of the existence of life on other planets
其他星球上存在生命的证据
 This latest interview was further proof of how good at her job Cara was.
最近的这次面谈进一步证明了卡拉的工作有多出色。
proof (that)
 Do you have any proof that this man stole your bag?
你有什么证据证明这个男人偷了你的包吗？
 There is no proof that the document is authentic.
没有证据证明这份文件是真的。
2  copy 校样 [countableC usually plural] technicalTCN a copy of a piece of writing or a photograph that is checked carefully before the final printing is done 校样
 Can you check these proofs?
你能核对一下这些校样吗？
3  mathematics 数学 [countableC]
a) HMa test in mathematics of whether a calculation is correct 〔数学〕验算，验证
b) HMa list of reasons that shows a theorem (=statement) in geometry to be true 〔几何定理等〕证（明），证法
4  the proof of the pudding (is in the eating) PROVEused to say that you can only know whether something is good or bad after you have tried it 布丁好不好，吃了才知道〔只有通过体验才能判断事物的好坏〕
5The proof of pudding will be team’s performance this season.
好坏还得看本赛季球队的表现。
5  alcohol 酒精 [uncountableU]DFD a measurement of the strength of some types of alcoholic drink, especially spirits 〔酒类的〕标准酒精度
 70% proof vodka (=that contains 70% pure alcohol) British EnglishBrE
酒精度为70%的伏特加酒
 70 proof vodka (=that contains 35% pure alcohol) American EnglishAmE
酒精度为35%的伏特加酒
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
have proof 有证据
The newspaper claimed it had proof that I worked for the CIA.
那份报纸声称有证据证明我为中央情报局工作。
provide/give proof 提供证据
You will be required to provide proof of your identity.
会要求你提供身份证明。
need proof 需要证据
He needed proof to back up those allegations.
他需要为那些指控提供证据。
there is proof 有证据
There is now proof that giant squid do exist.
现在有证据证明巨型鱿鱼确实存在。
adjectives
further proof (=additional proof) 进一步的证据
He showed his driving licence as further proof of his identity.
他出示了驾驶执照作为身份的进一步证明。
scientific proof 科学证据
They say they have scientific proof that the treatment works.
他们说有科学证据证明那种疗法有效。
living proof (=someone whose existence or experience proves something) 活生生的证明
She is living proof that stress need not necessarily be ageing.
压力不一定会让人变老,她就是活生生的证明。
clear proof 清晰的证据
His indecision is clear proof of his inability to handle the situation.
他的优柔寡断就是他没有能力处理这种情况的明证。
conclusive/tangible proof (=definite proof) 确凿的证据
nThere is no conclusive proof that your son is dead.
phrases
proof of identity (=something that proves who you are) 身份证明
Do you have any proof of identity, such as a passport?
你有什么身份证明吗,比如说护照之类？
proof of purchase (=something that proves you bought something from a particular place) 购物证明
nWe will give a refund only if proof of purchase is provided.
proof of ownership 所有权证明
nTake photos of anything unusual you own as proof of ownership.
proof positive (=definite proof that cannot be doubted) 确凿证据
Here is proof positive that she's wrong.
这里有表明她错了的确凿证据。
the burden/onus of proof law (=the need to prove that you are right in a legal case) 举证责任
The burden of proof is on the prosecution.
举证责任在控方。
Examples from the Corpus
proof• It justifies the move as proof that it is taking the independent platform integration business seriously.• Such actions were virtually undetectable, and on several occasions suspicion there might be, but proof was impossible.• It was alleged that he was stealing money from the till, but we never had any conclusive proof.• Of course, she reminded herself sternly, that was just proof that she had not had many sensual encounters.• He was the only person in the room when the money disappeared - what more proof do you want?• The police knew she was guilty, but they had no proof.• There is no proof that he did it.• If that is not proof of lack of investment, what is?• That play was some proof that I was all right.• You can't drink in bars without some proof of your age.• A key ingredient of this proof was to represent the complex numbers geometrically, and then to use a topological argument.• Even my highly regrettable tendency to react positively whenever the fridge door is opened was proof against that.• The examining magistrate will decide to send the case to trial, except when proof of innocence is clear.
proof (that)• The guilt is established by proof of facts.• Niels Bohr pointed it out to him and he had to add a note in proof to deal with the question.• Moreover both counsel would shortly before the summing-up have reminded the jury of the burden of proof.• The burden of proof in establishing the defence is upon the defendant on the balance of probabilities.• For the proof is that we still read the book.• The children seemed terrified by the noise and by the visible proof of how close it had come.• A marine regiment was equipped with plasma cannon, and the marine battle armour was proof against most weapons.
proof2 adjectiveadj  
be proof against something literary to be too strong or good to be affected by something bad 能抵抗某物；能对抗某物；能防御某物
 Their defences are proof against most weapons.
他们的防卫工事可以抵挡大多数武器的攻击。
Related topics: Clothes & fashion
proof3 verb [transitiveT] British EnglishBrE  
1  DCPROTECTto treat a material with a substance in order to protect it against water, oil etc 把〔某材料〕作防水[油]处理
be proofed against something
 climbing gear proofed against water
经防水处理的登山用具
n Grammar
Proof is usually passive in this meaning.
2  to proofread something 校对，校阅
n Do you want me to proof those documents for you?
Examples from the Corpus
proof• It also controls the background batch machines used to support proofing.• This yeast is added directly to the dough, with-out need for proofing.• The first part of proofing is as simple as creating white space.• Any lexicographer may obtain entry text for read only or for proofing regardless of ownership or the status of the on-loan flag.
-proof /pruːf/ suffix  
1  [in adjectives]PROTECT used to describe something which a particular thing cannot harm or pass through, or which protects people against that thing 耐…的，防…的，抗…的
 a bulletproof car
防弹汽车
 a waterproof jacket
防水上衣
 an ovenproof dish (=that cannot be harmed by heat)
耐热盘子
2  [in adjectives] used to describe something which cannot easily be affected or damaged by someone or something 不易受到…影响［破坏］的
 a childproof container
防儿童开启的容器
 vandal-proof
防止破坏的
3  [in verbs]PROTECT to treat or make something so that a particular thing cannot harm it or pass through it, or so that it gives protection against it 防…，抗…，使不受…影响
 soundproof a room (=so that sound cannot get into or out of it)
给房间隔音
Examples from the Corpus
-proof• a bulletproof vest• tamper-proof packages
Origin proof1
(1200-1300) Old French preuve, from Late Latin proba, from Latin probare; → PROBE2
proof1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1proof2 adjectiveadjproof3 verb →n GRAMMAR1-proof suffix
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus

See also: proofread

TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + PROOF | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤clear, convincing, direct, good, positive, real清楚的／令人信服的／直接的／有力的／明確的／確鑿的證據◇Do you have positive proof that she took the money?你有確鑿證據證明她拿了那些錢嗎？◇I have no real proof that he was in the country at the time.我沒有可靠的證據證明當時他在該國。➤concrete, empirical, solid, tangible具體的／經驗的／確鑿的／實物證據➤absolute, conclusive, definitive, incontrovertible, irrefutable絕對的／結論性的／決定性的／無可辯駁的／不容置疑的證據▸➤ample, sufficient充足的證據▸➤further進一步的證據▸➤final, ultimate最終的證據◇The photo was final proof of her husband's infidelity.這張照片最終證明了她丈夫的不忠。➤documentary, written書面證據➤photographic詳細準確的證據▸➤legal法律證據▸➤scientific科學證據➤formal, mathematical正式的／嚴密的證據▸➤living活生生的證明◇I am living proof that the treatment works.我是這一治療有效的活生生的證明。VERB + PROOF➤be, constitute是證據；構成證據▸➤have有證據▸➤give sb, offer (sb), present (sb with), produce, provide (sb with), show (sb)（向某人）提供證據；出示證明▸➤find, get, obtain, see找到／得到／獲得／看到證據▸➤need, require需要證據➤demand, want要求／想要證據PREPOSITION➤without proof沒有證據◇He is unlikely to make wild accusations without proof.沒有證據他不可能胡亂指控。➤proof of⋯的證據◇Her account gives us no concrete proof of his guilt.她的敍述並不能成為證明他有罪的確鑿證據。PHRASES➤the burden of proof, the onus of proof舉證責任◇The burden of proof lies on us to prove negligence.證明對方犯有疏忽罪的舉證責任落在我們身上。➤a lack of proof缺乏證據◇The men were acquitted for lack of proof.因為證據不足，這些人被宣告無罪。➤proof of identity, proof of purchase身分證明；購買憑證◇Proof of purchase must be provided before a refund can be made.退款前必須提供購買憑證。➤a standard of proof (law法律) 舉證標準◇Civil proceedings require a lower standard of proof than criminal cases.民事訴訟比刑事案件的舉證標準低。
TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof noun
⇨ evidence
TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof
Proof and evidence: evidence, sign, suggestion...
Relating to or associated with drinking alcohol: AA, abuse, Al-Anon...
Relating to writing and editing: authorial, authorship, censorship...
Safe and harmless: safe, harmless, secure...
To protect or defend someone or something: protect, defend, save...
Editing, adapting and proofreading: abridge, adapt, append...

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