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BNC: 555 COCA: 982

necessary

Word family 
ne·ces·sa·ry1 /ˈnesəsəri $ -seri/ ●●● S2 W1 adjectiveadj
1  NEEDsomething that is necessary is what you need to have or need to do 必要的，必需的，必不可少的 → essential
The booklet provides all the necessary information about the college.
這本小冊子提供了關於那所學院的所有必需信息。
No further changes were considered necessary.
沒有必要作出進一步的改變。
absolutely/really necessary
The police are advising motorists to travel only if their journey is absolutely necessary.
警方建議駕駛員如非萬不得已不要駕車出行。
it is necessary (for somebody) to do something
It’s not necessary to wear a tie.
不一定要打領帶。
The doctor says it may be necessary for me to have an operation.
醫生說我可能需要做手術。
make it necessary (for somebody) to do something
Falling profits made it necessary to restructure the business.
利潤下滑使得公司必須重組。
necessary for (doing) something
A good diet is necessary for maintaining a healthy body.
想保持身體健康，合理飲食必不可少。
if/when/where necessary
I’ll stay up all night, if necessary, to get it finished.
如有必要，我會熬個通宵把這事做完。
 Register
In everyday English, instead of saying it is necessary for somebody to do something, people usually say that someone has to do something: 在日常英語中，人們一般不說it is necessary for sb to do sth，而是說someone has to do sth
The doctor says it might be necessary for me to have an operation. → The doctor says I might have to have an operation. 醫生說我可能必須得做手術 。
2  necessary connection/consequence etc MUSTa connection, result etc that must exist and cannot be avoided 必然的聯系/結果等
The closure of the factory was a necessary consequence of increased competition from abroad.
工廠倒閉是來自國外的競爭加劇的必然結果。
Examples from the Corpus
necessary connection/consequence etc• Normative positivism asserts what legal positivists deny, namely that there is a necessary connection between law and positive morality.• Men. come and go in their lives, but there is no necessary connection between motherhood and marriage.• It is further easy to see that there is no necessary connection between subsidy-free prices and Ramsey-optional prices.• The difficulty is finding any necessary connection between two cases.• That stratification would occur as a necessary consequence of the alienation of labour.• These are, however, necessary consequences of the division of labour and the consequent role of trust in social relationships.• In neither ease was the omission a necessary consequence of the intellectual stance of the two schools.• Neither is upward mobility, rising income or independence a necessary consequence of their diligence.
3  a necessary evil MUSTsomething bad or unpleasant that you have to accept in order to achieve what you want 〔爲實現目的不得不接受的〕不得已的事，難免的壞事
Mr Hurst regarded work as a necessary evil.
赫斯特先生把工作看成是迫不得已的事情。
Examples from the Corpus
a necessary evil• I, for one, consider yard work to be a necessary evil.• Mr Waldegrave's shambolic performance in the press conference was a necessary evil.• We do not look at government as a necessary evil.• It may be a necessary evil, but it is surely an evil.• However, the authors, like most others then and now, saw those shortcomings as a necessary evil in maintaining control.• They're a necessary evil, like the woman who sawed off all my lovely hair.• Lawyers are a necessary evil that I try to use as little as possible due to their cost.• Bureaucracy was also a necessary evil to cope with the ravages of war.• They viewed such methods as a necessary evil, unavoidable yet somehow beneath their dignity.
 THESAURUS
necessary used to describe something that you need to have or do 必需的，必要的
Make sure you bring the necessary documents with you.
一定要帶好所需的文件。
It may be necessary for you to have a small operation.
你可能需要做個小手術。
essential very important and necessary, especially in order to be healthy, successful etc 〔尤爲健康或取得成功〕非常必要的，必不可少的
Vitamins are essential for healthy growth.
維生素對於健康成長必不可少。
The tourist industry is an essential part of the Spanish economy.
旅遊業是西班牙的經濟支柱。
vital extremely important and necessary, especially in order to avoid serious problems 〔尤爲避免重大問題〕必不可少的，非常重要的
A vital piece of equipment on the spacecraft had stopped operating.
航天器上的一個重要設備停止了運轉。
It is vital that the aid is sent immediately.
必須馬上派出救援。
compulsory if something is compulsory, you must do it because of a rule or law 〔根據法律或法規規定〕必須做的，強制性的
Maths and Science are compulsory subjects.
數學和科學是必修課。
All new staff undergo a compulsory training course.
所有新員工都必須參加一個培訓課程。
obligatory if something is obligatory, you must do it because of a rule or law. Obligatory is more formal than compulsory 〔根據法律或法規規定〕必須做到的，義務的〔obligatory 比compulsory正式〕
The use of seatbelts is obligatory.
系安全帶是強制性的。
Safety regulations have made it obligatory for all competitors to wear fist protectors.
安全條例規定所有參賽者都必須戴拳套。
mandatory if something is mandatory, you must do it because it is the law. Mandatory is more formal than compulsory and sounds stronger 依法必須做的，強制性的〔mandatory比compulsory正式，語氣也更加強烈〕
School attendance is mandatory.
上課出勤是必須的。
a prisoner serving a mandatory life sentence
依法被終身監禁的犯人
requisite /ˈrekwəzət/ formal [usually before noun] the requisite things are the ones that you need to have in order to do something 〔爲了做某事〕需要的，必要的，必備的
The other candidates lacked the requisite skills.
其他求職者缺少必要的技能。
nthe requisite evidence needed for a successful prosecution
Examples from the Corpus
necessary• She explained why change was necessary.• Add a second layer if necessary.• Jennie told Katharine to be aware of this and to correct any fault as necessary.• Computers are as necessary as textbooks in schools.• They also make any necessary criticisms and suggestions more easily acceptable when they are offered.• He produced the necessary documents and handed them to her.• Fats in our diet are necessary for both heat and energy.• The doctor says it may be necessary for me to have an operation.• This was clearly necessary for their analysis since it allowed them to aggregate data over different drivers.• Much doubling, therefore, is necessary in the tutti.• It will be necessary to close the pool while the repairs take place.• On his eighteenth birthday, his parents had believed it necessary to commit the act that would decisively save their only child.• But take another step back and it is no longer necessary to preserve the species.• If necessary, we will have to employ some outside people to finish the job.
absolutely/really necessary• The approach to the tournament should be as low key as possible with changes being made only where absolutely necessary.• Use faxes and phones-only when absolutely necessary.• This is not absolutely necessary but it would stretch your imagination and further clarify the entire research process from beginning to end.• In truth, a guide wasn't really necessary for our party that good-weather day.• On the other hand, honesty is an absolutely necessary policy as a matter of principle and also credibility.• All of the changes have been absolutely necessary to keep Sparta alive.• It is not really necessary to locate the degree of premeditated dishonesty involved in the politics of policy formulation.
necessary2 noun
1. necessaries [plural] things such as food or basic clothes that you need in order to live (生活)必需品
2  do the necessary British EnglishBrE spokenNEED to do what is necessary 做必要的事
Leave it to me – I’ll do the necessary.
交給我吧，我會把該辦的事都辦好的。
Origin necessary
(1300-1400) Latin necessarius, from necesse “necessary”, from ne- “not” + cedere “to give up”
BNC: 555 COCA: 982
necessary

adjective

VERBS | ADVERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES VERBS➤appear, be, prove, seem顯得必要；必要；證明必要；看似必要▸➤become變得必要▸➤remain仍然必要▸➤make sth使⋯成為必要◇The cold weather has made it necessary to protect the crops.天氣寒冷，莊稼必須加以保護。➤believe sth, consider sth, deem sth, feel sth, find sth, regard sth as, see sth as, think sth相信⋯必要；認為⋯必要；視⋯為必要；感覺⋯必要；發現⋯很必要◇Make any alterations you consider necessary.你認為有必要的都可以修改。◇You may find it necessary to readjust the wheels from time to time.你可能會發現不時調整輪子很有必要。ADVERB➤really, strictly確實／完全必要◇I was determined not to stay in the hospital for any longer than was strictly necessary.我決定，除非極為必要，否則決不在醫院多待一天。➤absolutely絕對必要➤hardly幾乎無需▸➤logically邏輯上必要▸➤medically醫學上必要PREPOSITION➤for對⋯必要◇qualifications which are necessary for work with the under-fives照顧 5 歲以下兒童必需的資格PHRASES➤if necessary如果必要的話◇These measures will be enforced, if necessary, by the army.如果必要，軍隊會強制執行這些措施。➤as necessary, when necessary, where necessary需要時；必要處◇We are here to give help and support when necessary.如有需要，我們隨時提供幫助和支援。◇Editorial changes have been made where necessary.在必要之處作了編輯上的改動。
BNC: 555 COCA: 982
necessary adj.
⇨ necessary (necessary to do sth) ⇨ inevitable (a necessary condition/consequence) necessary

adjective

  ➡ See also the entry for essential 另見essential條necessary ♦︎ compulsory ♦︎ mandatory ♦︎ requisite ♦︎ obligatory ♦︎ forced ♦︎ involuntaryThese words all describe sth that sb has to do or have. 這些詞均表示必須做的、必要的、強制性的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆it's necessary / compulsory / mandatory / obligatory for sb to do sth◆it's necessary / compulsory / mandatory / obligatory to do sth◆forced / involuntary repatriation◆almost / legally compulsory / obligatory■ necessary that is needed for a purpose or a reason 必需的；必要的◆It may be necessary to buy a new one.也許有必要買個新的了。◆Only use your car when absolutely necessary.不得已時才開車。◆If necessary, you can contact me at home.必要的話，我在家時你也可以和我聯系。◆I'll make the necessary arrangements.我會做一些必要的安排。OPP unnecessary ⇨ unnecessary   see also necessary ⇨ inevitable , necessitate ⇨ mean verb 3 ■ compulsory kəmˈpʌlsəri (rather formal) that must be done because of a law or rule （按法律或規定）必須做的，強制的◆It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmets.所有騎摩托車的人都必須強制戴頭盔。◆English is a compulsory subject at this level.英語在這一級别是必修科目。OPP voluntary , optional ⇨ voluntary 1   see also compulsion ⇨ pressure 2 ■ mandatory ˈmændətəri; NAmE ˈmændətɔːri, BrE also mænˈdeɪtəri (formal) that must be done because of a law （按法律）必須做的，強制的◆It is mandatory for blood banks to test all donated blood for the virus.血庫一律要按規定檢查所有捐獻的血液是否含有這種病毒。◆The offence carries a mandatory life sentence.這種罪行依照法律要判無期徒刑。■ requisite ˈrekwɪzɪt [only before noun] (formal) necessary for a particular purpose 必需的；必備的；必不可少的◆She lacks the requisite experience for the job.她缺少做這份工作所必需的經驗。■ obligatory əˈblɪgətri; NAmE əˈblɪgətɔːri (formal) that must be done because of a law or rule （按法律或規定）必須做的，強制的◆It is obligatory for all employees to wear protective clothing.所有員工必須強制穿防護服。ⓘ Obligatory is sometimes used humorously before a noun to talk about sth that often exists or is done, but that is not really necessary at all. * obligatory有時用於名詞前，描述常有的或常做的但根本無甚必要的事，爲幽默用法◆The hotel has a terrace with comfy chairs for that obligatory cocktail.這家旅館有個露台，擺放着舒適的椅子，供人們喝上一杯那似乎是不可或缺的雞尾酒。 OPP optional ⇨ voluntary 1 NOTE 辨析 Compulsory, mandatory or obligatory? Compulsory is used especially in the contexts of education, business and employment. * compulsory尤用於教育、商務和職業語境◆compulsory education / schooling / reading / subjects義務教育；必讀材料；必修科目◆compulsory insurance / liquidation / purchase / redundancy / retirement強制性保險；強制清算／購買／裁員／退休 Mandatory is used especially in the context of the law. * mandatory尤用於法律語境◆a mandatory sentence / penalty / duty / requirement法定判決；依法懲處；法定義務／條件 Obligatory is often used to talk about rules and laws relating to safety, for example in sport or the workplace. * obligatory常用於描述跟安全相關的規定和法律，如體育運動的規則或工作場所的規章◆Recently safety regulations have made it obligatory for all competitors to wear fist protectors.最近，所有參賽者都必須按安全規定戴拳套。 ■ forced [usually before noun] happening or done without you wanting it to 被迫的；不得已的；非自願的◆Many are unhappy about the forced repatriation of the refugees.很多人對強制遣返難民感到不滿。◆I hope there will be no need for the forced sale of any property.我希望不會有強行變賣財産的必要。■ involuntary ɪnˈvɒləntri; NAmE ɪnˈvɑːlənteri [usually before noun] (rather formal, written) happening or done without you wanting it to 被迫的；不得已的；非自願的◆The distinction between voluntary and involuntary unemployment is often blurred.自願失業和非自願失業之間的區分往往很模糊。OPP voluntary ⇨ voluntary 1 NOTE 辨析 Forced or involuntary? Forced often suggests that sb is forcing sb to do sth; involuntary suggests that it is circumstances, not another person, that forces sb to do or be sth. * forced常指受他人所迫，involuntary指受環境所迫或所限◆forced unemployment However, involuntary can also be used when it is in fact the actions or decision of another person that forces sb to do sth, as a more formal and less direct (or less honest) way of saying forced. 不過，involuntary可用於指事實上是另一個人的行爲或決定迫使某人做某事，是forced較爲正式和不太直接（或不太坦率）的說法◆the forced / involuntary repatriation of the refugees對難民的強制性遣返
BNC: 555 COCA: 982
necessary
Necessary: necessary, essential, vital...
Certain or likely to happen: certain, likely, probable...
Important thing or detail: feature, priority, element...

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