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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5528 COCA: 4474

shrink

Word family 
shrink1 /ʃrɪŋk/ ●●○ verb (past tensepst shrank /ʃræŋk/, past participlepp shrunk /ʃrʌŋk/)  
1  [intransitiveI, transitiveT]SMALL to become smaller, or to make something smaller, through the effects of heat or water （使）缩小，（使）收缩
 I’m worried about washing that shirt in case it shrinks.
我不太敢洗那件衬衫，怕它会缩水。
→ pre-shrunk, shrunken
2  [intransitiveI, transitiveT]VALUELESS to become or to make something smaller in amount, size, or value （使）〔数量、体积或价值〕变小，减少，缩小 OPP grow
 The city continued to shrink.
这座城市继续缩小。
shrink to
 The firm’s staff had shrunk to only four people.
这家公司的员工缩减到只剩四个人了。
 Treatment can shrink a tumour.
治疗能够使肿瘤萎缩。
 We want to expand the business, not shrink it.
我们要扩大业务，而不是缩小。
3  [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]BACK/BACKWARDS to move back and away from something, especially because you are frightened 〔尤指因恐惧而〕退缩，畏缩
 She listened, shrinking under the blankets, to their shouts.
她缩在毯子下面听他们咆哮。
 Meredith was scared of him and shrank back.
梅雷迪思害怕他，直往后退。
 His anger was enough to make the others shrink away from him.
他的怒火足以使别人退缩。
4 shrink from something phrasal verbphr v AVOIDto avoid doing something difficult or unpleasant 避免做，不做〔困难或不愉快的事〕
 The leadership too often shrinks from hard decisions.
领导层常常回避作困难的决定。
shrink from doing something
 We will not shrink from making the necessary changes in policy.
我们不会回避对政策作出必要的修改。
Examples from the Corpus
shrink• Don't wash that sweater in the machine - it'll shrink.• She was convinced he was shrinking.• Oh no! My skirt has shrunk!• After 5 months of chemotherapy treatment like this, the tumours shrank.• Its domestic share shrank from nearly 10 percent to just over 7 percent.• As we have already noted, he may well have been a militant nationalist who did not shrink from violence.• My sweater shrank in the dryer.• As the family has shrunk it has also lost some of its traditional functions to the public world.• Profits have been shrinking over the last year.• There has been a steadily shrinking supply of it.• We hope these reforms will shrink the nation's budget deficit.• This explains why even our most effective efforts to move people into jobs seem never to shrink the welfare rolls.• So mounds of snow never shrink, they turn into icebergs.
shrink2 noun [countableC] informal  
1.DOCTORa psychoanalyst or psychiatrist – used humorously 精神分析学家；精神科医生〔幽默用法〕
Examples from the Corpus
shrink• Willis returns as a criminal on the run, hunted by cops, believed only by a shrink played by Madeleine Stowe.• Richard saw a shrink, who gave him a prescription for antidepressants.• That guy's crazy - he ought to see a shrink.• He went to another shrink, who prescribed another set of antidepressants.• She was sorry for him, but she was no shrink.• The shrinks at the hospital said they think Gary needs therapy.
From Longman Business Dictionary
shrinkshrink /ʃrɪŋk/ verb (past tensepst shrank /ʃræŋk/, past participlepp shrunk /ʃrʌŋk/)
1[intransitiveI] to become smaller in amount, size, or value
The economy is expected to shrink slightly.
In the past decade, the number of employees has shrunk 30%.
Companies are battling for a share of the shrinking market.
2[transitiveT] to reduce the amount, size, or value of something
An 11% drop in imports helped shrink the trade deficit.
Origin shrink1
Old English scrincan
 shrink2
(1900-2000) head-shrinker “psychiatrist” ((1900-2000))
shrink1 verbshrink2 noun
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5528 COCA: 4474
shrink

verb¹

 1become smaller變小ADVERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤considerably, dramatically, significantly顯著／急劇／明顯變小▸➤a little, slightly, etc.有點兒／略有些收縮▸➤further進一步縮小▸➤fast, rapidly迅速／快速縮小◇We are competing in a market that is shrinking fast.我們在爭奪迅速萎縮的市場。➤gradually, slowly逐漸／慢慢收縮▸➤steadily穩步收縮PREPOSITION➤by縮小了⋯◇Their profits shrank by 4% last year.去年他們的利潤降低了 4%。➤from, to從⋯縮小；縮小到⋯◇Their share of the market has shrunk from 14% to 5%.他們的市場份額從 14% 縮小到 5%。PHRASES➤shrink in size在規模上縮小◇Households have been shrinking in size but increasing in number.家庭規模縮小了，但家庭數量增加了。
shrink

verb²

 2move away移開ADVERB | VERB + SHRINK | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤a little稍稍退縮◇He shrank a little at the sight of the blood.看到血他往後縮了一下。➤visibly明顯退縮➤instinctively本能地退縮▸➤away, back, down退開；往後退縮；退縮VERB + SHRINK➤try to試圖退縮PREPOSITION➤against退到背靠⋯處◇He shrank back against the wall.他向後退到了牆根。➤in因⋯退縮◇She shrank back in terror.她恐懼地往後退。➤into縮進⋯◇I shrank back into the shadows.我退回到了陰暗處。➤from躲開⋯◇She shrank from his touch.她躲開了他的觸摸。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5528 COCA: 4474
shrink verb
⇨ shrink (a market/sweater shrinks) ⇨ jump 3 (shrink back in terror) shrink

verb

shrink ♦︎ narrow ♦︎ contract ♦︎ shortenThese words all mean to become smaller or to be narrower at one end. 这些词均表示缩小、变短。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to shrink / narrow / contract / shorten (sth) to a particular size◆to shrink / narrow / contract / shorten (sth) by a particular amount◆a market / the economy shrinks / contracts◆shrink / narrow / contract (sth) slightly◆to shrink / narrow / shorten (sth) considerably◆to narrow / contract sharply■ shrink (shrank, shrunk or shrunk, shrunk) [intransitive, transitive] to become or make sth smaller in size or amount 缩小；收缩；减少◆The tumour had shrunk to the size of a pea.那肿瘤已收缩到豌豆大小。◆The market for their products is shrinking.市场对他们产品的需求在减少。◆Households have been shrinking in size but increasing in number.家庭的规模在缩小，可家庭的数量在增加。◆In some ways, the Internet has shrunk the world.从某种意义上说，互联网把世界给缩小了。ⓘ Shrink is the word to use when clothes or fabrics become smaller when they are washed in water that is too hot. 指衣服或布料洗涤时缩水用shrink◆My sweater shrank in the wash.我的毛衣洗涤时缩水了。 OPP grow ⇨ rise ▸ shrinkage ˈʃrɪŋkɪdʒ

noun

 [uncountable] ◆the shrinkage of heavy industry重工业的萎缩◆She bought a slightly larger size to allow for shrinkage.她买了一件尺码稍大的，以防缩水。■ narrow [intransitive, transitive] to become or make sth narrower 变窄；缩小；使变窄◆This is where the road narrows.这条路就是在这里变窄的。◆Her eyes narrowed (= almost closed) to slits.她的眼睛瞇成了两道缝。◆The gap between the two teams has narrowed to three points.两队之间的差距缩小到了三分。◆We need to narrow the health divide between rich and poor.我们需要缩小富人和穷人之间健康状况的差异。OPP widen , broaden ⇨ expand 1   see also narrow ⇨ narrow adj. ■ contract kənˈtrækt [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal) to become or make sth smaller in size or amount 收缩；缩小；减少◆Glass contracts as it cools.玻璃遇冷会收缩。◆The electrical market is forecast to contract by 2% this year.预计今年的电器市场将萎缩2%。◆The heart muscles contract to expel the blood.心肌收缩以挤压出血液。◆'I will' and 'I shall' are usually contracted to 'I'll'(= made shorter).I will和I shall通常缩写为I'll。OPP expand ⇨ expand 1 ▸ contraction

noun

 [uncountable] ◆the expansion and contraction of the metal金属的膨胀与收缩◆The sudden contraction of the markets left them with a lot of unwanted stock.市场的骤然收缩使他们剩下许多存货卖不出去。NOTE 辨析 Shrink or contract?Clothes and fabric shrink; other materials, such as glass and metal contract, especially as they become cooler. A market or the economy can shrink or contract, but contract is more formal. Muscles contract, and words can be contracted to their shorter forms. Most other things shrink. The opposite of shrink is grow; the opposite of contract is expand. 服装和布料缩水用shrink，其他材料（如玻璃和金属）因冷却而收缩用contract。主语是market或economy时用shrink或contract均可，但contract更正式些。肌肉收缩用contract，词语采用缩略式用be contracted to。大多数其他东西收缩用shrink。shrink的反义词是grow，contract的反义词是expand。■ shorten [transitive, intransitive] to make sth shorter; to become shorter 缩短；变短◆Injury problems could shorten his career.伤病可能会缩短他的职业生涯。◆They performed a shortened version of the play in just 40 minutes.他们上演了该剧的缩略版本，仅40分钟。◆Katherine generally shortens her name to Kay.凯瑟琳通常把自己的名字简称为凯。◆In November the temperature drops and the days shorten.11月气温下降，白天变短。OPP lengthen ⇨ expand 1   see also short ⇨ short 1 3
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5528 COCA: 4474

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