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IELTS BNC: 1260 COCA: 1298

understanding

Word family 
un·der·stand·ing1 /ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ $ -ər-/ ●●○ W3 noun  
1  [singular, uncountableU]UNDERSTAND knowledge about something, based on learning or experience 了解；熟悉
understanding of
 How does this add to our understanding of the problem?
这对我们理解这个问题有何益处？
 If you know the neighbourhood, you have an understanding of what the children are like.
假如你熟悉这个街区，你就会知道这里的孩子是什么样子的了。
 Linguists currently have little understanding of the exact cause of language change.
目前，语言学家对语言变化的真正原因知之甚少。
 How can we gain an understanding of other cultures?
我们怎样才能了解其他文化呢？
 Over time, you will get a far better understanding of the job.
经过一段时间以后，你对这个工作的了解会多得多。
 Success depends on a clear understanding of the problem.
认清问题才能成功解决问题。
 a basic understanding of AIDS prevention
对艾滋病预防的基本了解
2  [countableC usually singular]AGREE an unofficial or informal agreement 〔非正式的〕协议，协定
come to/reach an understanding (=stop arguing and agree) 达成协议
 My father was furious at first, but eventually we came to an understanding.
起初爸爸很生气，不过我们最后取得了一致意见。
 We had an understanding that Jean-Claude should never be mentioned.
我们有一个共识，永远不提让－克洛德。
3  [singular, uncountableU]UNDERSTANDSYMPATHIZE the ability to understand people’s behaviour and to forgive them when they do something wrong 理解；体谅，谅解
 The principal listened to the boy’s story with sympathy and understanding.
校长满怀同情和理解地倾听那个男孩的讲述。
4  somebody’s understanding (of something) the way in which someone judges the meaning of something 某人(对某事)的理解
 According to my understanding of the letter, it means something quite different.
根据我对这封信的理解，它的意思完全是另外一回事。
Examples from the Corpus
somebody’s understanding (of something)• My understanding is that none of us are required to attend.• What's your understanding of the letter?
5  on the understanding that if you agree to something on the understanding that something else will be done, you agree to it, believing that it will be done 以…为条件，在认为…的情况下
 Jack lent Sarah the money on the understanding that she would pay it back next month.
杰克把钱借给了萨拉，相信她会在下月归还。
Examples from the Corpus
on the understanding that• Darrel had mysteriously signed Littlecote over to Sir John in 1586 on the understanding that he would still be allowed to remain.• This reaction was based on the understanding that atomic bombs cause widespread death and destruction and extreme human suffering.• They hanged the couple on the understanding that Combe would become part of Berkshire and remain so.• The reader who has bought your book has bought it on the understanding that this is what will happen.• They forget I took the job on the understanding that management of a national team can only be part-time employment.• It was possible for a person to be given a legacy on the understanding that he would manumit a slave.• The work would be carried out on the understanding that the resulting products would be returned to the country of origin.• This expedition was sanctioned on the understanding that there was good money to be won at wrestling.• We said he could stay with us on the understanding that it would just be temporary.
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
have an understanding
The authorities don’t seem to have a clear understanding of the problem.
gain/get/develop an understanding
Scientists continued to gain a greater understanding of the effects of radiation.
deepen/broaden an understanding
It is hoped that the research will broaden our understanding of the disease.
increase/improve/enhance somebody’s understanding
The classes really helped to increase our understanding of the subject.
adjectives
a better/greater/deeper understanding
All of this will lead to a better understanding of the overseas market.
a clear understanding
Before you begin, it is vital that you have a clear understanding of what you want to achieve.
a complete/thorough/full understanding
The degree gives students a thorough understanding of issues relating to housing.
a proper/real understanding
They lacked any real understanding of the subject.
a good understanding
The sales force has a good understanding of the market.
a basic understanding
The aim of the examination is to test basic understanding of the written language.
a limited understanding
We have only a limited understanding of how the brain processes this information.
Examples from the Corpus
understanding• Adams and the police have an understanding -- he gives them information and they don't ask any questions about his activities.• The book gave me an understanding of what it must be like to be addicted to drugs.• We came to an understanding that I would find a job and my husband would stay home with the baby.• Demonstrate your empathy and understanding of your children's problems.• We didn't have any understanding of the business colleges.• The research may lead to a better understanding of how the disease develops.• The training had been successful, he said, in bringing about alignment of different skills and improving business understanding.• Creating a greater understanding of what the school is about?• He seems to have very little understanding of economics.• Mutual understanding is important in all relationships.• That was not my understanding of the regulations, and I resent your accusation that I failed to follow them correctly.• There seems to be a lack of understanding on the part of managers when it comes to employees' personal problems.• A much greater level of understanding is required to carry out more complex experiments.• This is the only way in which indoctrination can be avoided and any real understanding of religion conveyed.• Too often all that is at fault is the observer's understanding of what other people's statements and actions mean.• Marryat's readers would bring at least some associations and some understanding to this piece of special pleading.• At field level, this implies a sufficient understanding of the contribution which different parties can make.• It was an unspoken understanding between Stu and me that I was going to be a lawyer and he was going to be an engineer.
have an understanding of• If you can understand characteristic curves and have an understanding of what's happening mathematically or chemically it will help.• How, for example, is one to know that the students have an understanding of therapeutic diets?• Many people seem to have an understanding of faith which borders on superstition.• Just think what that means to people who have an understanding of what is really their present position.• Firstly, he or she will have an understanding of primary care, especially clinical presentations in general practice.
come to/reach an understanding• But perhaps we can waive our definitions and come to an understanding on the basis of an adjustment in the rent.• He was glad he and Betty had come to an understanding.• This present body of work is the closest that he has come to understanding what it is that attracts him to travel.• It would be very convenient if we succeeded in coming to an understanding as to how the matter stands.• Based on this experience they came to an understanding of a fundamental problem of flight: control.
understanding2 adjectiveadj  
UNDERSTANDSYMPATHIZEsympathetic and kind about other people’s problems 能谅解的，宽容的
 Luckily, I have a very understanding boss.
幸运的是，我有一个非常通情达理的上司。
► see thesaurus at sympathetic
Examples from the Corpus
understanding• I'm sorry I've been so bad-tempered lately. Anyway, thank you for being so understanding.• He's funny, energetic, understanding, and a great teacher.• They rate themselves as very understanding and believe that women also value shyness.• The bank was usually very understanding, and generally gave us some leeway until we were able to sell something.• He would have been very understanding and would have helped us to find the right specialist.• In the first place, the rhetorical perspective advocates understanding attitudes in terms of the wider social context.• Irene often has to take time off work. Fortunately she has a very understanding boss.• Your local drug project may be able to put you in touch with an understanding dentist or specialist dental clinic.• Now I don't call that being very understanding, do you?• Matt is a very understanding guy.• My parents were wonderfully understanding throughout my divorce.• What it is to have an understanding wife!
un·der·stand·ing1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1understanding2 adjectiveadj
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus

See also: understand

IELTS BNC: 1260 COCA: 1298
understanding

noun¹

 1knowledge of a subject, of how sth works, etc.認識；理解ADJECTIVE | ... OF UNDERSTANDING | VERB + UNDERSTANDING | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤complete, comprehensive, full完全瞭解；全面瞭解◇He showed a full understanding of the sequence of events.他對事情的來龍去脈一清二楚。➤growing逐漸增加的瞭解▸➤accurate, clear, deep, detailed, fundamental, in-depth, intimate, keen, profound, proper, real, solid, sophisticated, thorough, true準確的理解；清楚的瞭解；深入的瞭解；詳細的瞭解；根本的認識；深刻的認識；敏銳的理解；恰當的瞭解；真正的理解；可靠的認識；高深的理解；完全理解◇You need to read more widely to gain a proper understanding of the issue.要準確理解這個問題，你需要進行更廣泛的閱讀。➤adequate, basic, broad, general, sufficient充分的／基本的／寬泛的／大概的／足夠的理解▸➤limited, rudimentary, superficial有限的／初步的／表面的認識◇She has only a limited understanding of what the job involves.她對這份工作所涉內容的瞭解十分有限。➤incomplete, poor不完全的／很少的瞭解◇He had a poor understanding of international law.他對國際法瞭解甚少。➤better, deeper, greater, improved, increased, richer更好的瞭解；更深的瞭解；更多的認識；增加的認識；更豐富的認識◇an improved understanding of the mechanisms involved對所涉機制的更多瞭解➤conceptual, critical, rational, theoretical概念上的／批判性的／理性的／理論上的理解▸➤historical, musical, scientific, etc.歷史角度、音樂角度、科學角度等的理解➤contemporary, modern當代的／現代的認識➤conventional, traditional傳統的理解▸➤instinctive, intuitive本能的／憑直覺的理解▸➤collective, common集體的／共同的理解◇Some religions have a common understanding of the nature of a divine being.一些宗教對神的本質有同樣的認識。➤popular, public大眾的／公眾的理解◇with a view to increasing public understanding of the functions and institutions of government旨在增進公眾對政府職能和制度的瞭解... OF UNDERSTANDING➤degree, level理解程度／水平◇It allowed him to deepen his degree of understanding even further.這進一步加深了他的理解。◇The students seem to have a reasonable level of understanding of how genes work.學生們似乎對基因的作用原理有一定的理解。VERB + UNDERSTANDING➤have, possess理解▸➤demonstrate, show證明／表示理解▸➤reflect反映出理解◇This change of policy reflects a growing understanding of the extent of the problem.政策的這一改變反映出對這個問題的理解日益加深。➤lack缺乏理解▸➤achieve, acquire, arrive at, gain, obtain得到理解；達成理解➤create, provide有助於理解◇This creates a better understanding of organic farming.這有助於更好地理解有機農業。➤give sb使某人瞭解⋯➤facilitate有助於理解➤inform, shape有助於理解⋯；形成對⋯的理解◇All of this research informs our understanding of how disease processes work.所有這些研究有助於我們理解疾病的發展過程。➤alter, change改變對⋯的理解▸➤advance, broaden, deepen, develop, enhance, enrich, expand, extend, further, improve, increase, refine增進理解；拓寬理解；加深認識；完善認識◇a book that will deepen your understanding of global warming會加深對全球變暖理解的一本書➤seek力圖瞭解◇Scientists are seeking a better understanding of the process.科學家們試圖更好地認識這一過程。PREPOSITION➤understanding about理解⋯➤understanding of對⋯的理解◇The book aims to give children a balanced understanding of food and the environment.這本書旨在使孩子們對食物和環境有一個全面的理解。PHRASES➤a lack of understanding缺乏理解
understanding

noun²

 2intelligence領悟力ADJECTIVE | VERB + UNDERSTANDING | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤human人類智慧VERB + UNDERSTANDING➤pass令人無法理解◇a level of cruelty that passes human understanding令人無法理解的殘忍PREPOSITION➤beyond (your) understanding無法理解◇How children change so quickly is beyond my understanding.我無法理解孩子們怎麼會變得這麼快。◇Such attitudes are beyond understanding.這種態度難以理解。
understanding

noun³

 3ability to feel sympathy and trust體諒ADJECTIVE | VERB + UNDERSTANDING | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤deeper, great進一步的／更深的諒解▸➤common, mutual, shared共同理解；相互理解➤sympathetic帶有同情的諒解◇She gave me a look filled with sympathetic understanding.她看了我一眼，目光中充滿同情。➤international國際間的諒解➤cross-cultural, cultural跨文化的／文化上的諒解VERB + UNDERSTANDING➤show表現出諒解◇He didn't show much understanding towards / toward her when she lost her job.她失業的時候他並沒有對她表現出多少體諒。➤bring, bring about, develop, lead to達成諒解；促成諒解◇Greater contact between the two groups should lead to a better mutual understanding.兩個集團更多的接觸應該會增進彼此的諒解。➤have有了諒解▸➤gain, grow in增進瞭解◇After spending a month living together, they have gained a better understanding of each other.一起生活了一個月之後，他們增進了對彼此的瞭解。➤build達成諒解◇Our goal was to build shared understanding between the two communities.我們的目標是在兩個社群之間達成共識。➤foster, promote促進瞭解PREPOSITION➤understanding among⋯之間的理解◇a force for understanding among the races促進不同種族之間相互理解的力量➤understanding between⋯之間的瞭解◇The association fosters a deeper understanding between prisons and the public.該協會致力於促進監獄和公眾之間加深瞭解。➤understanding for對於⋯的理解◇She suddenly had a new understanding for her mother.她突然對媽媽有了新的認識。
understanding

noun⁴

 4informal agreement非正式協議ADJECTIVE | VERB + UNDERSTANDING | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤written書面協議▸➤verbal口頭協議▸➤implicit, tacit, unspoken心照不宣的協議；默契◇There is an unspoken understanding that Hugh will be in charge while Jane is away.大家有了默契，簡不在的時候由休來負責。VERB + UNDERSTANDING➤have有協議▸➤come to, reach達成協議◇They came to an understanding on when final payment was to be made.他們就最後付款日期達成了協議。PREPOSITION➤understanding between⋯之間的協議◇an understanding between the companies to fight against the proposed tax reform公司之間達成的反對稅制改革提案的協議➤understanding on關於⋯的協議◇a tacit understanding on the need for a pay rise加薪需求方面的默契➤understanding with與⋯之間達成的協議◇I have a clear understanding with any lawyer I hire.我與我雇用的所有律師都有明晰的協議。➤on the understanding在⋯條件下◇I thought you gave me the book on the understanding that I could keep it.我以為你給我這本書就是讓我留着。
IELTS BNC: 1260 COCA: 1298
understanding noun
⇨ understanding (show great understanding of sth) ⇨ agreement 1 (come to an understanding with sb about sth) ⇨ definition (sb's understanding of the situation) ⇨ sympathy (show understanding towards sb)understanding adj.
⇨ sensitive 1 understanding

noun

understanding ♦︎ sense ♦︎ insight ♦︎ conception ♦︎ comprehension ♦︎ grasp ♦︎ appreciation ♦︎ depthThese are all words for sb's ability to understand situations, subjects, etc. 这些词均表示理解力、洞察力、领悟力。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb's understanding / sense / conception / comprehension / grasp / appreciation / depth of sth◆beyond (sb's) understanding / (sb's) conception / (sb's) comprehension / sb's grasp◆an understanding / a sense / an insight / the conception / an appreciation that...◆(a) good understanding / sense / insight / comprehension / grasp / appreciation◆a proper understanding / sense / grasp / appreciation◆a thorough understanding / comprehension / grasp / appreciation◆an adequate understanding / conception / comprehension / grasp / appreciation◆(a) historical / musical understanding / sense / insight / appreciation◆to have an understanding / a sense / (an) insight / a conception / a comprehension / a grasp / an appreciation / depth◆to show understanding / a sense / insight / a grasp / an appreciation◆to increase / enhance your understanding / your sense / insight / comprehension / your appreciation◆to improve your understanding / your sense / insight / comprehension / grasp◆to develop / gain an understanding / a sense / an insight / an appreciation◆a level of understanding / insight / comprehension / appreciation◆a lack of understanding / insight / comprehension / appreciation / depth■ understanding [uncountable, singular] the knowledge that sb has of a particular subject or situation （对某个主题或状况的）理解，领悟，了解◆The committee has little or no understanding of the problem.委员会对这个问题了解不多或根本不了解。◆The vastness of the universe is beyond human understanding.宇宙的广袤无垠超出了人类的理解范围。◆His writings reflect a good understanding of the society he lived in.他的文学作品反映出他对自己所生活的社会有深刻的了解。OPP misunderstanding ⇨ illusion ■ sense [singular] an understanding of sth; an ability to make sensible judgements about sth 理解力；判断力◆She always had a strong sense of personal responsibility (= an understanding that she is responsible for her own actions).她一向有很强的个人责任感。◆Babies seem to have an innate sense of rhythm (= an ability to respond to the beat of music).婴儿似乎有天生的节奏感。◆One of the most important things in a partner is a sense of humour (= the ability to find things funny or make people laugh).伴侣身上最重要的素质之一是幽默感。◆I've got a hopeless sense of direction (= ability to know where I am and where I am going in relation to other places).我的方向感糟透了。◆Always try to keep a sense of proportion (= the ability to know what is important in relation to other things).随时都要把握好轻重缓急。◆Ed doesn't have any dress sense (= the ability to know what clothes look good) at all!埃德对服装完全没有判断力！◆I developed a certain road sense (= the ability to travel on roads safely) during my years as a cyclist.我在骑自行车的那些年间养成了一定的道路安全意识。ⓘ In this meaning sense is nearly always used in the phrases a/sb's sense of sth and dress/road sense. 表达此义时，sense几乎总是用于短语a/sb's sense of sth和dress/road sense。■ insight ˈɪnsaɪt [uncountable, countable] (often approving) the ability to understand the truth about people or situations; an understanding of what sth is like 洞察力；领悟；洞悉；了解◆She was a writer of great insight.她是拥有深刻洞察力的作家。◆I hope you've gained some insight into the difficulties we face.我希望你对我们面临的困难已有所了解。◆The book gives us some fascinating insights into life in Mexico.这本书生动地展现了墨西哥的生活。■ conception kənˈsepʃn [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) an understanding or belief of what sth is or what sth should be 理解（认为某事怎样或应该怎样）◆He has no conception of what it's like to be unemployed.他还不知道失业的滋味是什么。◆I had a rather romantic conception of life in the country.我对乡村生活的理解相当浪漫。■ comprehension ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn; NAmE ˌkɑːmprɪˈhenʃn [uncountable, singular] (rather formal, especially written) the ability to understand sth 理解力；领悟力◆His behaviour was beyond comprehension.他的举止令人费解。◆The task requires a good comprehension of complex instructions.这项任务要求对复杂的指令有良好的领悟力。■ grasp grɑːsp; NAmE græsp [singular] a person's understanding of a subject （对某主题的）理解，领会◆She has an excellent grasp of English grammar.她对英语语法掌握得非常好。◆Such complicated instructions are beyond the grasp of most of our students.这些复杂的指令是我们的大多数学生所不能理解的。■ appreciation əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn [uncountable, singular] (rather formal) a full or sympathetic understanding of a situation, problem or subject 理解；体谅；同情◆I had no appreciation of the problems they faced.我没有体谅到他们所面临的问题。◆Candidates should have a broad appreciation of contemporary issues.候选人对当代问题应该要有广泛的理解。  see also appreciate ⇨ know 1 ■ depth [uncountable] (approving) the quality of knowing or understanding a lot of details about sth; the ability to provide and explain these details 渊博；深刻；洞察力◆a writer of great wisdom and depth有卓越智慧和洞察力的作家◆a job that doesn't require any great depth of knowledge不需要多么高深知识的工作◆His ideas lack depth.他的想法缺乏深度。   see also deep ⇨ serious 3
IELTS BNC: 1260 COCA: 1298
understanding
Knowledge and understanding: knowledge, understanding, information...
Feelings of sympathy: sympathy, understanding, pity...
Agreement and agreements: agreement, contract, deal...
General words for meaning: meaning, significance, usage...
Intelligence, intuition and ability to understand: intelligence, intuition, intellect...
Words used to describe someone who is forgiving or understanding: forgiving, understanding, indulgent...

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