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IELTS BNC: 1402 COCA: 1240

mountain

Word family 
Related topics: Nature, Geography, Geology
moun·tain /ˈmaʊntɪn $ ˈmaʊntən/ ●●● S3 W3 noun [countableC]  
1  DNSGa very high hill 高山，山岳
 the highest mountain in Austria
奥地利最高的山
 the Rocky Mountains
落基山脉
 a steep mountain road
陡峭的山路
 magnificent mountain ranges (=lines of mountains)
雄伟的山脉
 snow-capped mountain peaks (=tops of mountains)
白雪覆盖的山峰
 a mountain rescue team (=a group of experienced climbers who help people to safety from a mountain)
山地营救队
 She was the first British woman to climb the mountain.
她是攀登这座山峰的第一位英国女子。
→4  See picture on 见图 Page A4 Country 乡间
2  a mountain of something/mountains of something LOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNTa very large pile or amount of something 大堆某物；大量某物
 I’ve got mountains of paperwork to deal with.
我有大量文案工作要做。
 Her husband went off with another woman and left her facing a mountain of debt.
她丈夫和别的女人走掉了，留下一大堆债务让她去还。
Examples from the Corpus
a mountain of debt• A trickster who constantly committed adultery - and then left her facing a mountain of debt.• In an opening speech for the defence the devastation of their herd was blamed on a mountain of debt and overfeeding.• Buoyant earnings in recent years have allowed the company to swiftly repay a mountain of debt.• He is struggling under a mountain of debt today.
3. food/butter etc mountain PEDFa very large amount of food, butter etc that has been produced but is not needed or used 大量积存的食物/黄油等 → lake
Examples from the Corpus
food/butter etc mountain• The whole point of those reforms was to get rid of the food mountains.• Have you contributed a great deal this year to the butter mountain?
4. make a mountain out of a molehill IMPORTANTto treat a problem as if it was very serious when in fact it is not 小题大做
Examples from the Corpus
make a mountain out of a molehill• She was only five minutes late! You're making a mountain out of a molehill.
5. (have) a mountain to climb British EnglishBrE used to say that someone has a lot of work to do to achieve their aim, especially when you believe it will be difficult （面临）艰巨的任务
6  move mountains to do things that seem impossible 创造奇迹
 I have great faith in the power of love to move mountains.
我深信，爱的力量可以创造奇迹。
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
high
These mountains are much higher than any in Europe.
rugged mountains (=rough and uneven)
the spectacular scenery of rugged mountains
a snow-capped mountain (=with snow on the top)
beautiful views of snow-capped mountains
a distant mountain (=far away)
The sun was setting over the distant mountains.
a great mountain (=a high, impressive mountain)
Here, great mountains are all around.
a sacred mountain (=considered holy)
Mount Fuji is a sacred mountain.
verbs
go/walk up a mountain (also ascend a mountain formal)
Carrie and Albert went up the mountain, neither of them speaking as they climbed.
climb a mountain (=walk and/or climb to the top of a mountain)
Hillary had climbed all the big mountains in New Zealand.
go/walk down a mountain
She lost her way as she went down the mountain.
cross the mountains
We crossed the mountains between Spain and France.
mountains rise (=go high into the sky)
The mountains rise above the plains.
mountains soar/tower literary (=go very high into the sky)
The distant mountains soar abruptly towards the sky.
mountain + NOUN
a mountain range/chain (=a number of mountains in a line)
The Alps are the largest mountain range in Europe.
a mountain top
Until the end of June you may find snow on the mountain tops.
a mountain peak (=the top of a mountain)
Clouds hid the mountain peaks.
a mountain slope (=the sides of a mountain)
Snow lay on the steep mountain slopes.
a mountain pass (=a path or road between mountains)
Their journey took them through river valleys and over mountain passes.
a mountain stream
The water was as clear and cold as a mountain stream.
mountain air
a walk in the clear mountain air
mountain rescue (=people who help people who are in difficulty on a mountain)
Mountain rescue teams were called out to search for the missing climbers.
phrases
the top of a mountain (also the summit of a mountain formal)
We climbed to the top of the mountain.
the foot of a mountain (=the bottom of a mountain)
We’ll take the car to the foot of the mountain and walk from there.
the side of a mountain
The path wound up the side of the mountain.
n THESAURUS
mountain a very high hill
the highest mountain in Austria
hill an area of land that is higher than the land around it, which is like a mountain but smaller and usually has a rounded top
We went for a walk in the hills.
The house is surrounded by woods, farmland and gentle hills.
Mount (also Mt written abbreviation) used in the names of mountains. Don’t say ‘Fuji Mountain’ – say ‘Mount Fuji’
Mount Everest
cliff the steep side of an area of land, often next to the sea
the white cliffs of Dover
precipice especially literary a very steep and dangerous cliff
They were standing on the edge of a precipice.
crag a high steep rock or mountain
An eagle sailed over the high crags.
ridge a long narrow area of high ground, especially at the top of a mountain
I could see a group of climbers high up on a ridge.
knoll a small round hill
a grassy knoll
volcano a mountain with a large hole at the top, through which lava (=hot liquid rock) is sometimes forced out
the eruption of a volcano
summit the very highest point of a mountain
the summit of Mt Everest
peak especially literary the top of a mountain
the snow-covered peaks of the Himalayas
a distant peak
range/chain a group of mountains or hills arranged in a line
the mountain range that is part of the border between Norway and Sweden
foothills a group of smaller hills below a range of high mountains
the Sierra foothills
n GRAMMAR: Patterns with mountain
in the mountains
You use in the mountains to refer to an area with several mountains:
They went climbing in the mountains.
We stayed in a little village in the mountains.
✗Don’t say:
on the mountains | in the mountain
on the mountain
You use on the mountain when referring to one particular mountain:
They lost their way and had to spend a night on the mountain.
✗Don’t say: in the mountain
Examples from the Corpus
mountain• The latest software can imitate the texture of flesh or the topography of a mountain range.• Since that time many independent Orc and Goblin tribes have taken root in the forests and mountains of that cold land.• It is the start of the tourist season and Katmandu is the gateway to the world's highest mountains, including Everest.• the Rocky Mountains• A similar secret sanctuary for the president was constructed elsewhere in the mountains west of Washington.• The lodge is in the mountains of southern Idaho.• To see it one must usually climb into the mountains which surround its last preserve.• You still think of the mountains.• Perhaps they're going to spend the night on the mountain.
mountain ranges• Limbs a symphony in ancient mountain ranges.• They followed rivers for convenience, then struck out in a straight line, bisecting mountain ranges, cutting watersheds in half.• The glen is deeply enclosed by lofty mountain ranges, each side formed of a succession of peaks linked by ridges.• Most mountain ranges are supported by a crust far thicker than the ranges are tall.• To reach this desolate spot you set off at sun-up and head toward mountain ranges which scarcely ever get closer.• These depths consist of vast mountain ranges, deep canyons, mighty steaming lava flows.• And the estuary is beautiful, with mountain ranges rising on each side.
From Longman Business Dictionary
mountainmoun·tain /ˈmaʊntənˈmaʊntn/ noun [countableC]
butter/beef/ grain etc mountainECONOMICS a very large amount of food that is stored, especially by the EUROPEAN UNION, in order to prevent prices from becoming lower
There are frequent butter, grain, wine and beef mountains which are stored at great cost or sold off cheaply to other countries.
→ see also cash mountain
Origin mountain
(1200-1300) Old French montaigne, from Latin montanus, from mons; → MOUNT2
moun·tain noun →n GRAMMAR1 →n COLLOCATIONS1
→n THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 1402 COCA: 1240
mountain

noun¹

 1very high hill高山ADJECTIVE | ... OF MOUNTAINS | VERB + MOUNTAIN | MOUNTAIN + VERB | MOUNTAIN + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤big, great, high, large, tall, towering大山；高山；高聳的山巒➤1 000 m, 3 000-foot, etc. * 1,000 米、3,000 英尺等高的山巒➤small小山➤steep陡峭的山巒➤low低矮的山➤beautiful, fine, majestic, mighty, spectacular秀美的山巒；雄偉的高山；景色壯麗的山峰▸➤surrounding周圍的高山◇The surrounding mountains make the city difficult to evacuate.這座城市周圍都是山，人群很難疏散。➤distant遠山➤remote地處偏遠的山➤volcanic火山➤craggy, jagged, rocky, rugged陡峭的高山；山石嶙峋的山巒；多岩石的山➤snow-capped, snow-covered, snowy積雪蓋頂的山峰；白雪覆蓋的山巒；白雪皚皚的山巒➤holy, sacred聖山◇the holy mountain of the Lapp community拉普人居住區的聖山... OF MOUNTAINS➤chain, range山系；山脈◇a chain / range of mountains綿延的山系／山脈VERB + MOUNTAIN➤ascend, climb, come up, go up, scale登山；爬山；上山來；上山去；登山➤come down, descend, go down, walk down下山來；下山；下山去；走下山➤walk in在山間散步◇We enjoy walking in the mountains.我們喜歡在山間散步。➤cross翻越山嶺➤overlook眺望遠山◇a large window overlooking the mountains眺望群山的大窗子MOUNTAIN + VERB➤rise, soar, tower山峰矗立◇The mountains here rise to well over 2 000 m.這兒的群山海拔 2,000 多米。➤loom隱隱聳立◇Mountains loom in the distance.遠方的群山隱隱可見。➤surround sth高山環繞⋯◇Towering mountains surrounded the town.巍峨群山環繞着小鎮。➤overlook sth山峰俯瞰⋯MOUNTAIN + NOUN➤chain, range山系；山脈➤area, country, environment, region, terrain山區；山區環境；山區地形◇Between the two towns was 50 miles of mountain country.兩個小鎮之間隔着綿延 50 英里的山區。➤pass, path, road, route, track, trail山口；山路；山間小徑➤landscape, scenery山地風光；山景➤view, vista山地景觀➤face, peak, ridge, side, slope, top, valley, wall山崖；山峰；山脊；山側；山坡；山頂；山谷；陡峭山坡➤cave山洞➤glacier山丘冰川➤lake, stream高山湖泊；山澗➤air山間的空氣◇Many people come simply to enjoy the fresh mountain air.許多人來這裏只為享受山間的清新空氣。➤meadow, pasture山區草場／牧場➤forest山地森林➤town, village山區小鎮；山村➤fastness (literary) , fortress, stronghold山中要塞／堡壘／據點➤cabin, hut, lodge, resort, retreat山間小屋；山區勝地；山間隱居處➤man (NAmE) 山民▸➤folk, people山區居民；山地人➤climbing, walking (BrE) 登山；山間步行➤walk (BrE) 山間漫步➤climber登山者➤guide登山嚮導➤rescue山地救援◇a mountain-rescue team山地救援隊➤bike山地車➤biker騎山地車者➤biking山地自行車運動➤sickness高山病➤goat, gorilla, hare, lion (= puma) (NAmE) , etc.石山羊、山地大猩猩、雪兔、美洲獅等PREPOSITION➤across the mountain, over the mountain, through the mountain穿過高山；越過高山◇a pass through the mountains穿過大山的關隘➤down a/the mountain, up a/the mountain往下山方向；往上山方向◇She arranged to meet the others halfway up the mountain.她安排在半山腰與其他人碰頭。➤in the mountains在山區◇This type of goat lives high up in the mountains.這種山羊生活在高海拔的山區。PHRASES➤the flank of a mountain, the side of a mountain, the slope of a mountain山側；山坡▸➤the bottom of a mountain, the foot of a mountain, the top of a mountain山腳；山頂
mountain

noun²

 2large amount/number of sth大量ADJECTIVE | VERB + MOUNTAIN | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤great, massive（一）大堆▸➤debt (especially BrE) 巨額債務▸➤paper (especially BrE) 堆積如山的文件▸➤butter, sugar, etc. (BrE) 大量積壓的黃油、食糖等◇They revealed a solution to reduce Europe's butter mountain.他們透露了一個減少歐洲黃油積壓的方案。VERB + MOUNTAIN➤generate產生積壓➤reduce (especially BrE) 減少積壓➤face面臨積壓◇The school was facing a mountain of debt.該校面臨巨額債務問題。PHRASES➤a mountain of paper, a mountain of paperwork堆積如山的文件／文書工作◇The investigation generated a mountain of paperwork.調查帶來大量的文書工作。
IELTS BNC: 1402 COCA: 1240
mountain noun
⇨ hill
IELTS BNC: 1402 COCA: 1240
mountain
Mountains, hills and cliffs: ascent, ben, berg...
Large quantities or amounts: hoard, tsunami, wall...
Piles of things: pile, mound, heap...
Amounts and pieces of food: a stick of butter/margarine, batch, bed...

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