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BNC: 394 COCA: 449

themselves

Word family 
them·selves /ðəmˈselvz/ ●●● S1 W1 pronoun  
1  PERSON/PEOPLEused to show that the people who do something are affected by their own action 他们自己；她们自己；它们自己
 Teachers have no choice but to take measures to protect themselves.
教师们别无选择，只能采取措施来保护自己。
 Our neighbours have just bought themselves a jacuzzi.
我们邻居刚刚买了一个按摩浴缸。
 The kids seem very pleased with themselves.
那些孩子好像自得其乐。
2  EMPHASIZEused to emphasize the pronoun ‘they’, a plural noun etc 自己，自身〔用于强调代词they、复数名词等〕
 Doctors themselves are the first to admit the treatment has side effects.
医生自己最先承认这种治疗方法有副作用。
3  PERSON/PEOPLEused after words like ‘everyone’, ‘anyone’, ‘no one’ etc when you talk about someone already mentioned and you do not know what sex they are or it is not important. Many teachers think this is not correct English 他自己〔用于谈论性别不详或不重要的人，许多教师认为这种用法不正确〕
 Someone told me they’d actually seen the accident happen themselves.
有人告诉我说是亲眼看到这场事故发生的。
4  in themselves  (also in and of themselves)XX considered without other related ideas or situations 本身，自身；就本身而言
 The carvings are works of art in themselves, even disregarding their religious significance.
这些雕刻即使不考虑其宗教含义，本身也是艺术品。
Examples from the Corpus
in themselves• The photographs from Salomon Brothers' annual reports tell a tale in themselves.• The ritual and the rules were never simply an end in themselves.• Web pages used to be a miracle in themselves.• Words in themselves are seldom either active or inert.• Additionally, the bibliographic records owned by both Libraries are in themselves commercially valuable.• Some letters were pictures in themselves, containing miniature dragons, wyverns, centaurs and other mythical beasts.• The carvings are works of art in themselves, even disregarding their religious significance.• While standard educational practices are not in themselves root causes of work inhibition, these practices usually exacerbate the problem.• The design and administration of transitional rules in themselves suggest high short-run costs that may well outweigh discounted long-run benefits.
5  (all) by themselves 
a) ALONEalone 单独地，独自地
 older people who are living all by themselves
独自生活的老人们
b) HELPwithout help from anyone else 全靠自己地
 Did the children make the model all by themselves?
这个模型是孩子们自己做的吗？
Examples from the Corpus
(all) by themselves• I'm hoping these spots will go away by themselves.• They are both old enough to go to the pool by themselves.• But parents are... waiting for kids to be able to go to the movies and the mall by themselves.• If anything is worth while in life at all, some things must be good in and by themselves.• It may not have occurred to them that they could do the same when viewing video by themselves.• Women can be happy by themselves.• Women may not be free to walk by themselves along the streets.• But reasons of identification and self-definition can not by themselves establish the legitimacy of an authority.• He sounded matter-of-fact, as if nine-year-old kids commonly hung out by themselves in his lobby.• Two pairs of dates by themselves tell the story.
6  (all) to themselves SHAREif people have something to themselves, they do not have to share it with anyone 完全属于他们自己
 They had the whole beach to themselves.
整个海滩上只有他们。
Examples from the Corpus
(all) to themselves• They had the whole beach to themselves.• And they like it to themselves.• But they like to keep their political preferences to themselves.• I thought the fund was to help Gaels speak to the rest of us and not only to themselves.• I wanted to see these amazing sportsmen at home and in their own environment, where they remain true to themselves.• Right now, the Howards are just grateful for some time to themselves.• Their survival is vital, not only to themselves, but to large companies which depend on their products and services.• You know who talks to themselves the most?• And they say to themselves, what will last?
7. not be/feel themselves NERVOUSif people are not themselves, they do not feel or behave in the way they usually do because they are nervous, upset, or ill 〔因神经紧张、烦恼或生病〕表现反常，状态不对
Examples from the Corpus
themselves• Do you think they killed themselves?• Those guys only talk about themselves.• Why don't they just do it themselves?• Everyone I know who has tried it has hurt themselves somehow.
them·selves pronoun
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
BNC: 394 COCA: 449
BNC: 394 COCA: 449
BNC: 394 COCA: 449
themselves
Reflexive pronouns: a man, herself, himself...

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