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BNC: 56 COCA: 54

year

Word family 
Related topics: Chronology
year /jɪə, jɜː $ jɪr/ ●●● S1 W1 noun [countableC]  
1  12 months 十二个月TMC a period of about 365 days or 12 months, measured from any particular time 年；年度；岁
 I arrived here two years ago.
我两年前来到这里。
 We’ve known each other for over a year.
我们相识一年多了。
 It’s almost a year since Sue died.
休去世快一年了。
 Jodi is 15 years old.
约迪15岁。
 a three-year business plan
三年的业务发展计划
 a four-year-old child
四岁的孩子
be 12/21 etc years of age (=be 12/21 etc years old) 12岁/21岁等
→ financial year, fiscal year, light year, tax year
2  january to december 一月至十二月 (also calendar year)TMC a period of 365 or 366 days divided into 12 months beginning on January 1st and ending on December 31st 历年
 the year that Kennedy died
肯尼迪去世那一年
 in the year 1785
在1785年
this/last/next year
 They moved here at the beginning of this year.
他们是今年年初搬来这里的。
 last year’s cup final
去年的足总杯决赛
 She goes there every year.
她每年都去那里。
 The museum attracts 100,000 visitors a year.
博物馆每年吸引十万名游客。
 in the early years of the last century
在上世纪初
→ leap year, New Year
3  years 
a) informalLONG TIME a very long period of time 多年；很长时间，长久 SYN ages
 It’s years since I rode a bike.
我很久没骑自行车了。
in/for years
 I haven’t been there for years.
我已很久没去那里了。
 It was the first time in years I’d seen her.
那是多年来我第一次见到她。
b) AGEage, especially old age 年纪，岁数〔尤指高龄〕
a man/woman/person etc of his/her etc years
 Gordon is very active for a man of his years.
戈登对于他这个年龄的人来说算是很活跃了。
getting on in years (=no longer young) 年事渐高，不再年轻
Examples from the Corpus
in/for years• This neglect of walking has been apparent for years.• Clem Streeter told his story around Catskill for years.• I have done it for years.• Miles wondered whether his cousin Matt, who had lived for years in Kansas, found it to be gray there.• H., have been silent for years.• I haven't been there for years.• It was the first time in years I had seen Kathy smiling.• The road was narrow and twisting, the surface frequently broken, and left unrepaired for years because of the war.• No ordinary person wants them any more, though they will for years to come provide talking points for the chattering classes.
4  all (the) year round during the whole year 全年
 It’s warm enough to swim all year round.
这里很暖和，全年都可以游泳。
→ year-round
Examples from the Corpus
all (the) year round• Soon, the pests were everywhere, all year round.• Centrally heated and open all year round.• Seasons: The crag faces west, is sited just above the sea and climbing is generally possible all year round.• Most importantly, the Conquistadores use the proceeds from the tournament to help fund local youth sports all year round.• It is warm all year round, with warm summers, mild winters and moderate rainfall.• Hours 4 1/2 hours a week, 45 hours total. * Intensive courses: Duration 2-4 weeks, all year round.• We have witches all year round.
5  year by year SLOWas each year passes 一年一年地，逐年
 Business has steadily increased year by year.
业务逐年稳步增长。
Examples from the Corpus
year by year• Year by year, things are getting worse.• Because so much has been put into making such fine volumes, they have tended to increase in value year by year.• But though I refused to age, the students and the other teachers grew younger year by year.• Instead of claiming it year by year, you just fill in a form when you apply for your mortgage.• The car-less core has been expanded year by year, as more neighborhoods have wanted it.• The issues involved in a healthy environment grow year by year.• The pay-back is more evident year by year, as increasingly the focus is on speciality films.• Their living conditions are getting worse year by year, politicians are corrupt, often are not held accountable.• Yet year by year, the day of reckoning grows closer, and nothing is being done.
6  year after year/year in, year outyear out year after year/year in CONTINUOUSevery year for many years 年年，年复一年
 Many birds return to the same spot year after year.
许多鸟类年年都回到同一个地方。
7  PERIOD OF LIFE/HISTORY 人生阶段/历史时期years [plural] a particular period of time in someone’s life or in history 〔人生或历史中的〕某一特定时间段，时期
8. the school/academic year the time within a period of 12 months when students are studying at a school or university 学年
Examples from the Corpus
the school/academic year• To bring together these keys to the curriculum, the school year is organized around themes.• The Counselling Service offers a number of group workshops and skills acquisition classes during the academic year.• The paper was discussed by branches and Federations during the academic year 1956-57 and at the District Council of July 1957.• Alvin was to stay behind to finish the school year.• In the academic year 1990/91, work by the staff of the Department led to two national awards.• A dud for most of the year, with peaks at the start of the school year and at Christmas.• That uncertainty arose after a $ 10 million budget shortfall surfaced in July, days before the start of the school year.• The Transit minibus will be used for outings and visits throughout the school year.
9  school/university level 中小学/大学年级 especially British EnglishBrE a particular level that a student stays at for one year 年级
10  first/second etc year British EnglishBrESECLASS/GROUP OF STUDENTS someone who is in their first etc year at school or university 一年级/二年级等的学生
Examples from the Corpus
first/second etc year• Oryx Energy, like Melville, made the list for a second year in a row.• In her second year, she met Edgar Lintot.• By his second year, he said, nearly 30 schools were sending him letters.• He had discussed this throughout his first year but had found no solution.• Everything about it has helped me to grapple with the intricacies of machine knitting in this, my second year.• That first year, by happy accident, the itinerary was set for every ride that has followed.• Early in the first year his behaviour pattern was showing dips and troughs.
11  musician/player/car etc of the year the musician etc who was voted the best in a particular year 年度最佳音乐人/运动员/汽车等
Examples from the Corpus
musician/player/car etc of the year• Then came the news of Price, the two-time City 4-A Player of the Year.• On defense, Mutombo, the three-time defensive player of the year, hung around the lane to block and alter shots.• A former Car of the Year winner, it has done well on the Continent but has been under-rated here.• Going up against league player of the year Mary Raskauskas, Thompson tallied 17 points and 10 rebounds.• All won national Player of the Year honors during their Bruins careers.• Jeff was voted their Player of the Year last season, but they've let me have him for six months.
12  year on year compared with the previous year 与去年相比
13  never/not in a million years spokenNEVER used to say that something is extremely unlikely 决不会，永不
Examples from the Corpus
never/not in a million years• You won't get Kieran to agree - not in a million years!• He was rich as Croesus, something he had never expected to be, not in a million years.• You'd never in a million years see a dancing man in a field in the country.• There was no point in all of this: she would never believe him. Not in a million years.• Never. Not in a million years.• No parent is going to believe this pigtail story, not in a million years.• I still had to find Wally and attempt to explain what I would never in a million years be able to explain.• It is based on a true story so outrageous that it would never in a million years have passed muster as fiction.• The real reason for her lack of promotion, she knew, would never in a million years occur to him.
14  the year dot British EnglishBrE informal a very long time ago 很久以前
Examples from the Corpus
the year dot• The two bungalows in question, though, had been standing from the year dot.• Traditionally, scientists have been involved in war since the year dot.
15  put years on somebody/take years off somebody SEEMto make someone look or feel older or younger 使某人显得老/年轻
→ donkey’s years at donkey(2)
n GRAMMAR: Patterns with year
last year/this year etc
Don’t use in with these words:
You say last year:
They got married last year.
✗Don’t say: They got married in last year.
You say this year:
I will turn 16 this year.
✗Don’t say: I will turn 16 in this year.
You say next year:
She’s going on a trip to England next year.
✗Don’t say: She’s going on a trip to England in next year.
You say that year:
We had a lot of rain that year.
✗Don’t say: We had a lot of rain in that year.
a year
You use a year when saying how many times in a year something happens:
I only see my sister about twice a year.
✗Don’t say: I only see my sister about twice in a year.
in the year ...
You use in the year when saying the year when something happens:
In the year 2050 sea levels could be much higher.
The record was a hit in the year that I was born.
all year
You use all year when talking about something that happens during every part of a year:
There is enough snow here to ski all year.
✗Don’t say: There is enough snow here to ski all the year.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: a period of 365 or 366 days divided into 12 months beginning on January 1st and ending on December 31st 历年
adjectives
this year
She will be eight this year.
next year
I might go to law school next year.
last year
Last year we spent a lot on the house.
every year
They go back to the same resort every year.
the current year
The budget for the current year was £13 million.
the coming year (=the year that is about to start)
Here are some events to look out for in the coming year.
the past year
Over the past year everyone has worked extremely hard.
the previous year
They had married the previous year.
the following year
The following year he was made captain of the team.
the new year (=used to talk about the beginning of the next year)
The report is due at the beginning of the new year.
phrases
the beginning/start of the year
They moved here at the beginning of last year.
他们是今年年初搬来这里的。
the end of the year
Work should finish around the end of the year.
 COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 7:
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + years
early years 早年
Little is known about his early years.
他的早年生活鲜为人知。
nHe remembers the early years of television.
the last/latter/closing years of something 某事物的最后几年
He changed his opinion during the last years of his life.
他晚年改变了观点。
somebody’s childhood/teenage years 某人的童年/少年时代
the home in which she spent her childhood years
她童年时代的家
the war years 战争年代
She worked for the BBC during the war years.
在战争年代里，她为英国广播公司工作。
the boom years (=when an economy or industry is very successful) 繁荣时代
nIn the boom years, things weren’t too bad.
nsomebody’s retirement years
He enjoyed his retirement years in Wales.
the Bush/Blair etc years (=when Bush, Blair etc was leader) 布什/布莱尔等时代
nThe rich did very nicely during the Thatcher years.
phrases
in recent years 在近几年
The number of cases has risen dramatically in recent years.
近几年病例数量大幅上升。
in later years 在晚年
In later years he regretted their argument.
在晚年他后悔他们争吵过。
in years gone by (=in the past) 在过去的岁月里
nThe old fort defended the island in years gone by.
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘in ancient years’ or ‘in the ancient years’. Say in ancient times or long ago.
不要说 ‘in ancient years’ 或 ‘in the ancient years’。 而要说 in ancient times 或 long ago。
Examples from the Corpus
year• Jared is 15 years old.• I hated teaching the fifth year. They were always causing trouble.• He works a lot harder than most of the students in his year.• There are 130 children in the second year.• Jackie has worked here for several years.• The lease expires at the end of the year.• the year 2002• I moved here two years ago.
be 12/21 etc years of age• Almost every one of the 276 non-standard entrants in this sample were 21 years of age or over.
in a year• Moran said the work will probably begin in a year.• We did better in the last few weeks with the new record than we did in a year with the last one.• It's the first time I've heard her laugh in years ... years and years.• The delays are always measured in years, and some plaintiffs die in the interim.• Minuses: A quietly emotive, unshowy performance in a year of attention-getting female roles.• I think that in years to come they are bound to be looked back on as an aberration.• It was the second big explosion there in a year.• I am sixteen and therefore in year eleven at high school.
From Longman Business Dictionary
yearyear /jɪə, jɜːjɪr/ written abbreviation yr noun [countableC]
1 (also calendar year) the period of time beginning on January 1 and ending on December 31
The Small Business Administration arranged 55,000 small business loans last year.
2any period of time equal to about 12 months
My passport expires in a year.
→ financial year → fiscal year → tax year
Origin year
Old English gear
year noun →n GRAMMAR1 →n COLLOCATIONS1
→COLLOCATIONS2
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus

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