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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 983 COCA: 611

culture

Word family 
Related topics: Anthropology, Sociology, Arts, Microbes, genetics, biochem, Biology, Medicine
cul·ture1 /ˈkʌltʃə $ -ər/ ●●● S2 W1 AWL noun  
1  in a society 在社会中 [countableC, uncountableU]SA the beliefs, way of life, art, and customs that are shared and accepted by people in a particular society 文化
 We speak Danish at home so that the boys don’t lose touch with their language and culture.
我们在家说丹麦语，这样男孩子们就不会脱离他们的语言和文化。
 In our culture, it is rude to ask someone how much they earn.
在我们的文化里，问别人收入多少是不礼貌的。
 I love working abroad and meeting people from different cultures.
我喜欢在国外工作，认识来自不同文化的人。
Western/American/Japanese etc culture
 A brief history of Western culture.
西方文化简史
modern/contemporary culture
 Business is one of the major forces in modern culture.
商业是现代文化的一股主要力量。
2  in a group 在一群人中 [countableC, uncountableU]SS the attitudes and beliefs about something that are shared by a particular group of people or in a particular organization 〔团体或组织中共同的〕态度，信仰，习俗
 Every government department has its own particular culture.
每个政府部门都有自己的独特文化。
corporate/business/company culture
 Changing the corporate culture is a long and difficult process.
改变公司文化是一个长久而艰难的过程。
culture of
 In the field of drug development, the culture of secrecy is deep and strong.
在药品开发领域，保密文化根深蒂固、牢不可破。
 modern American youth culture
现代美国青年文化
 the drug culture that is destroying so many young lives today
如今正在毁掉众多年轻生命的毒品文化
 the German political culture
德国的政治文化
→ subculture
3  art/music/literature 艺术/音乐/文学 [uncountableU]AART/CULTURE activities that are related to art, music, literature etc 文化活动
 If it’s culture you’re looking for, the city has plenty of museums and art galleries.
如果你寻找的是文化，这个城市有很多博物馆和美术馆。
 the Italian Ministry of Culture
意大利文化部
popular culture (=the music, books, films etc that are liked by a lot of people) 大众文化
culture vulture informal (=someone who is very interested in art, music, literature etc) 文化秃鹰，文化狂热分子〔指对艺术、音乐、文学等非常感兴趣的人〕
4  society 社会 [countableC]SA a society that existed at a particular time in history 〔特定历史时期的〕社会
 This technique was then adapted and refined by the more sophisticated cultures of the ancient world.
这种工艺后来被古代社会中更为先进的文明加以改进和完善。
 primitive cultures
原始社会
5  medicine/science 医学/科学 [countableC, uncountableU] technicalHBM bacteria or cells grown for medical or scientific use, or the process of growing them 培养出的细菌[细胞]；细菌[细胞]培养
 It takes two to three weeks to grow the culture.
培养细菌要两到三个星期。
 tissue cultures
组织培养
6  crops 作物 [uncountableU] technicalTAC the practice of growing crops 栽培，种植 SYN cultivation
 clearing forest for rice culture
砍伐森林来种植稻谷
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
Western/American/Japanese etc culture
Our society was heavily influenced by Greek and Roman culture.
national culture
Sport is a major part of our national culture.
local culture
The local culture of the island has much to interest visitors.
a common culture (=one that societies or people share)
Britain and America are united by a common culture.
traditional/ancient culture
The people have a traditional culture which has hardly changed in 500 years.
modern culture
Computers are a part of modern culture.
the dominant culture (=the main culture in an area where there are many different cultures)
What are the values of the dominant culture?
culture + NOUN
culture shock (=the confusion or shock that people sometimes feel in a very different country or place)
Examples from the Corpus
culture• But a culture which is frozen, locked into its contradictions.• They live in a culture in which the heroes are actresses and football players rather than teachers and physicians.• They came to places like Southend, Thurrock and Basildon, and found it a bit of a culture shock.• Old San Juan is rich in history and culture.• Johnson's mother stressed intellectual and artistic achievement, while his father considered intellect and culture to be unmanly.• In what ways do British and Australian culture differ?• Throughout the book they give you examples of different cultures and how they do things.• You've created a society with no history, no culture.• The norms of citizen behavior found in these texts stress the participant aspects of political culture.• rice culture• the Ancient Greek and Roman cultures• Often, in fact, the television culture celebrates incompetence.• By 1992, Walcott had been able to name his landscape and define the culture of the region.• The trip offers you a unique opportunity to experience the culture of the remote hill tribes of the north.• The culture of the classroom should encourage children to be curious.• For the people, it was the exposure of their culture and arts that mattered the most.• The doctor ordered a throat culture.• The magazine is devoted to rock music, fashion, and other aspects of youth culture.• youth culture
Western/American/Japanese etc culture• Birthtales became an expression and validation of birth, an often neglected aspect of life in Western culture.• In Western cultures, past events have little relevance to the future.• Personal photography has played a different but equally important role in the modernisation of Western culture.• Ours is a crisis not only of Western culture and technology, but of all other cultures.• Trying to force people into unwanted roles violates the most basic tenet of Western culture.
corporate/business/company culture• Jack reflected on the problems of imposing a corporate culture.• All this is happening in a corporate culture where work from home has been rare.• An individual's scope for modifying it will inevitably be heavily influenced by site and corporate culture.• Flocks of executives entered the company from competing firms, bringing different styles, values, and corporate cultures with them.• This distinctive corporate culture flourishes in an environment in which independence is more a matter of convention than anything else.• Since the Treasury bond scandal, Mr Erardi says, Salomon has tried to change its entire corporate culture.• Some challenge the notion of corporate culture as the primary culprit.• What is less clear is whether these are national cultural differences, differences in the use of language and/or corporate culture influences.
popular culture• Photo: Elaine Prisk, 1997 popular culture.• There were deliberate attempts to develop elements of both high and popular culture in music, poetry, dance, and games.• Pastiche and lack of originality in popular culture is therefore seen as the result.• In the case of the majority popular culture which the Committee seeks to de-legitimize, the situation is seen very differently.• Superman and Batman have become a part of popular culture.• In another single-room installation, 15 photographs by Diane Arbus explore the psychology of popular culture.• Besides, the Falklands had a huge impact on popular culture.• Poetry, popular culture and self-respect.• First, consider the reactionary popular culture in which this debate is taking place.
tissue cultures• Designate a set of spatulas for dispensing tissue culture chemicals only and ensure that they are cleaned after every use.• Even if these cells are removed from the body and kept in tissue culture, they retain their characteristics through many cell divisions.• It can remove the deposits of pigment that clutter up old cells whether in tissue culture or in the brain.• Observations of toxicity of glutamate in tissue culture are of uncertain relevance invivo.• Some commentators will ask whether a tissue culture also counts as an entity to be respected.• The alternatives - studying people, tissue culture, computer modelling etc. - are actually used much more than animal studies.• The laboratories have extensive tissue culture facilities and there is a flow cytometric unit equipped with both analytical and cell sorting instruments.• What is tissue culture and how might it be used?
culture2 verb [transitiveT] technical  
to grow bacteria or cells for medical or scientific use 培养〔细菌或细胞〕
From Longman Business Dictionary
culturecul·ture /ˈkʌltʃə-ər/ noun
1[countableC, uncountableU] the ideas, beliefs, and customs that are shared and accepted by people in a society
Western culture places a high value on material wealth.
2[countableC, uncountableU] the attitudes or beliefs that are shared by a particular group of people or in a particular organization
Working late hours seems part of the company culture.
Can he transform their corporate culture from overstaffed public administration to profit-minded entrepreneurship?
We have to change our management culture to compete in Asia.
3[uncountableU] activities that are related to art, music, literature etc
If it’s culture you’re looking for, the city has plenty of museums and art galleries.
4[uncountableU]FARMING the practice of growing crops
land used for strawberry culture
Origin culture
(1200-1300) Old French Latin cultura, from cultus; → CULTIVATE
cul·ture1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1culture2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus

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