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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1082 COCA: 740

stock

Word family 
Related topics: Trade, Stocks & shares, Cooking, Agriculture, Plants, Theatre
stock1 /stɒk $ stɑːk/ ●●● S2 W2 noun  
1  in a shop 在商店 [countableC, uncountableU]BBT a supply of a particular type of thing that a shop has available to sell 存货，现货
 We have a huge stock of quality carpets on sale.
我们备有大量优质地毯出售。
 Buy now while stocks last!
存货有限，欲购从速！
out of stock/in stock (=unavailable or available in a particular shop) 缺货/有货
 I’m sorry, that swimsuit is completely out of stock in your size.
对不起，那款泳衣你的尺寸缺货。
2  finance 金融
a) [countableC] especially American EnglishAmEBFS a share in a company 股份，股票
 the trading of stocks and shares
股票交易
b) [uncountableU]BFS the total value of all of a company’s shares 〔某公司的〕总股值
3  amount available 可利用的量 [countableC]AMOUNT the total amount of something that is available to be used in a particular area 可供利用的数量，总储备量
 Cod stocks in the North Atlantic have dropped radically.
北大西洋中鳕鱼的总量已大幅下降。
 the stock of housing in rural areas
乡村地区的住房存量
4  supplies 储备物 [countableC]AMOUNT a supply of something that you keep and can use when you need to 储备物，备用物
stock of
 He keeps a stock of medicines in the cupboard.
他在柜子里存放了一些备用药品。
 The country has been building up its stock of weapons.
这个国家一直在增加武器储备。
5  take stock (of something) THINK ABOUTto think carefully about the things that have happened in a situation in order to decide what to do next （对某事情）作出估计[判断]，估量
 While in hospital, Jeremy took stock of his life.
杰里米住院期间思考了他的人生。
Examples from the Corpus
take stock (of something)• He walked back inside and took stock of the situation.• With him came a difference in style, a change of gear, a time for reflection and taking stock.• Many others in the region are taking stock, too.• That is what I mean by taking stock.• He paused outside the doors, taking stock of his men, careful not to give any sign of his thoughts.• As the others came ashore I took stock of my new dominion.• While in the hospital, Jeremy took stock of his life.• It is time to take stock, at the half-way mark, before the next phase of reform.• That night at camp, with 23 miles still ahead of us, we took stock.
6  cooking 烹饪 [countableC, uncountableU]DFC a liquid made by boiling meat or bones and vegetables, which is used to make soups or to add flavour to other dishes 高汤，原汤〔如肉汤、骨头汤等〕
 chicken stock
原汁鸡汤
 vegetable stock
蔬菜汤
7. gun 枪支 [countableC] the part of a gun that you hold or put against your shoulder, usually made of wood 枪托
8. animals 动物 [uncountableU]TA farm animals, especially cattle 家畜，牲畜〔尤指牛〕 SYN livestock
9  the stocks 
a) SCPUNISHa wooden structure in a public place to which criminals were fastened by their feet or hands in the past 足枷，手枷〔旧时一种木制的刑具〕
b) TTWa wooden structure in which a ship is held while it is being built 〔造船用的〕船台
Examples from the Corpus
the stocks• Already the stocks look like being virtually wiped out.• In the village centre are the stocks.• Start by looking at the stocks carried by builders' merchants in your area.• If investors would put money in low-quality bonds, they might as well buy the stocks.• Worse yet, the prices for the stocks in the portfolio are, by some measures, extremely high.• Morton likes the stocks of Gannett and Knight Ridder mainly for this reason.• And their performance was so popular with the watching crowd that there were calls for the return of the stocks.
10  somebody’s stock is high/low POPULARif someone’s stock is high or low, they are very popular or very unpopular 某人很受人/不受人喜爱；某人的声望高/低
 Simon’s stock is high in the network news business.
西蒙在网络新闻行业中声望很高。
Examples from the Corpus
somebody’s stock is high/low• Simon's stock is high in the network news business.
11  stock of jokes/knowledge/courage etc AMOUNTthe jokes, knowledge etc that someone knows or has 〔某人所知道的〕一堆笑话/一套知识/〔某人所拥有的〕一股勇气等
 John seems to have an inexhaustible stock of funny stories.
约翰似乎有讲不完的滑稽故事。
Examples from the Corpus
stock of jokes/knowledge/courage etc• This ties in with the notion of the negotiable nature of people's stocks of knowledge.• These stocks of knowledge can be altered by interactions, through negotiation.
12. be of Scottish/Protestant/good etc stock COME FROM/ORIGINATEto belong to a family that in the past lived in Scotland, were Protestants, were respected etc 出身于苏格兰/新教徒/良好的等家庭[家族]
13. flower 花 [countableC]HBP a plant with pink, white, or light purple flowers and a sweet smell 紫罗兰
14. plant 植物 [countableC] a thick part of a stem onto which another plant can be added so that the two plants grow together 砧木
15. actors 演员 [countableC] American EnglishAmEAPT a stock company(2) 〔演出若干保留剧目的〕一群演员；保留剧目轮演剧团
Examples from the Corpus
stock• Place couscous in a mixing bowl and pour boiling stock over it.• As they try to cut stocks, this is likely to make a big dent in orders to manufacturing industry and importers.• Someone came in half an hour ago and bought up our entire stock of Italian wine.• If the interviewers and investigators see youthful error behind the Phillips incident and genuine remorse afterward, his stock will rise.• Sellew has built his stock to a herd of nearly 100 goats.• The new video store has a huge stock of movies to rent.• If stocks recover, the North Sea could produce more than 10 times as many fish as were caught last year.• The government has said it has no need for chemical weapons and will destroy its stocks entirely.• Jodie always had a large stock of brandy in her cupboard.• During 1939, following the trolleybus conversions in North London, a number of rolling stock changes were made.• The total retail value of their stock at this period was estimated at £200,000.
stock of• Uncle Gene kept a large stock of food in the cellar.• They had reportedly hidden large stocks of chemical weapons.
stock2 ●●○ verb [transitiveT]  
1  SELLif a shop stocks a particular product, it keeps a supply of it to sell 〔商店为销售而〕存有〔货物〕，备有
 We stock a wide range of kitchen equipment.
我们备有各种厨房用品。
2  KEEP/STOREto fill something with a supply of something 储存，储备
stock something with something
 Our refrigerator at college was always stocked with beer.
我们上大学时的冰箱里一直备有啤酒。
3 stock up phrasal verbphr v BUYto buy a lot of something in order to keep it for when you need to use it later 囤积，贮存
Examples from the Corpus
stock up• The supermarkets are full of people stocking up for the New Year's holiday.• We always stock up on cheap cigarettes when we go to Holland.• We might as well stock up while we're here - it'll save us having to come back.
stock on• I stock up on all sorts of books at the library sale.• Residents and business owners boarded homes and storefronts with plywood and stocked up on bottled water, canned goods and batteries.• A word of advice if you are planning to work in solid ebony, stock up on dust masks!• I am no different, by the way: I stock up on duty-free and await orders like the rest of them.• They stock up on financial assets such as government bonds, and the government realizes profits by spending its borrowings on buying commodities.• Make good use of your local needle exchange or chemist and stock up on new works.• I thought to conquer this problem by stocking up on oranges whenever we went shopping.• I have to stock up on snacks for the party.• Just nip round to the supermarket now and stock up on the latest in buffet catering.
Examples from the Corpus
stock• It works so well at San Pablo that more trout are stocked and caught at this lake than any other in California.• Do you stock camping equipment?• The collection is stocked in 100 specialist bridal shops around the country.• Tetbury's one and only bookstore isn't stocking it even though nearby shops are heading for a sellout.• The Czechs were even stocking up with beer for the mess back home.
stock something with something• Our refrigerator at college was always stocked with beer.• Oak Creek is stocked with trout.
stock3 adjectiveadj  
1. stock excuse/question/remark etc USUALLYTYPICALan excuse etc that people often say or use, especially when they cannot think of anything more interesting or original – used to show disapproval 老一套的借口/问题/评论等〔含贬义〕
2. stock item/size something that is available in a shop and does not have to be ordered 〔商店里〕常备的[库存的]商品/尺寸
Examples from the Corpus
stock item/size• Twenty five percent off stock items and 15 percent off ordered furniture.• He then needs to estimate the desired shelf stock size for each category on the basis of this record of use.• So we need to look for books that become standard stock items in schools.• Where this is impracticable, groups or categories of stock items which are similar will need to be taken together.
Examples from the Corpus
stock• The same questions seem to be asked every time, and he gives his stock answers.• Even the stock market is becoming skeptical.• While productivity, profits, executive pay and the stock market keep going up, workers' incomes keep going down.• The move, approved today by its board, was announced after the stock markets closed.• Her speech contained all the stock phrases about increasing productivity and reducing costs.• Sohu's stock price is languishing below Dollars 2-down from its Nasdaq listing price of Dollars 13 last July.• In the end, however, the central bank left interest rates unchanged, and stock prices rebounded.
From Longman Business Dictionary
stockstock1 /stɒkstɑːk/ noun
1[countableC, uncountableU] especially American EnglishAmEFINANCE one of the shares into which ownership of a company is divided, or these shares considered together
The company might issue (=make available and sell) stock in order to pay down debt.
Investors are likely to earn superior returns if they hold (=own) stock for five years or longer.
More than 100 companies have filed plans to sell stock to the public for the first time.
The company sold a block of stock (=a large quantity of shares, usually more than 10,000) in the Hong Kong firm to unknown investors.
Stock prices were up in heavy trading.
2(Class) A/B/C stockFINANCE different classes of a company’s stock. Each class has different characteristics, for example the right to vote at shareholders’ meetings
The Class B stock carries 10 times the votes of the Class A common stock.
→ active stock → advancing stocks → authorized stock → barometer stock → bearer stock → Big Board stock → blue chip stock → bonus stock → capital stock → classified common stock → common stock → consolidated stock → convertible loan stock → convertible stock → cumulative preferred stock → cyclical stock → debenture stock → declining stocks → defensive stock → diluted stock → Exchequer stock → glamour stocks → growth stock → income stock → large-cap stock → listed stock → loan stock → mid-cap stock → new stock → non-voting stock → no-par stock → ordinary stock → outstanding stock → over-the-counter stock → partly-paid stock → penny stock → preference stock → quoted stock → red chip stock → redeemable stock → registered stock → second-tier stock → sleeper stock → small stock → split stock → underlying stock → unlisted stock → value stock → volatile stock → voting stock → watered stock → when-issued stock → widow-and-orphan stock
3[countableC, uncountableU] (also government stock)FINANCE one of the bonds sold by a government to finance its BUDGET DEFICIT (=the difference between what it gets in taxes and what it spends). Government bonds are usually considered to be a very safe form of investmentSYN GOVERNMENT SECURITY
→ gilt stocks → irredeemable stock → local authority stock → tap stock → Treasury stock
4[countableC, uncountableU] (also stocks)COMMERCE a supply of a COMMODITY (=oil, metal, farm product etc) that has been produced and is kept to be used when needed
Global stocks (=total stocks in the world) of cocoa amount to 2 million tons, the equivalent of about eight months’ usage.
→ buffer stock
5[countableC, uncountableU] especially British EnglishBrEMANUFACTURING a supply of RAW MATERIALs (=materials for use in manufacturing) or parts before they are used in production, or a supply of FINISHED GOODSSYN inventory
If you are going to have a large stock of components you must store them sensibly.
When an unexpected rise in demand occurs, it can be met partly by producing more and partly by running down (=reducing by using) stocks of finished goods.
6[countableC, uncountableU]COMMERCE a supply of goods, kept for sale by a shop or other RETAILER
Equipment importers had big stocks of last year’s skis and boots still on their hands.
Most children’s bookshops will always have these titles in stock.
A problem with production meant that all the shops were out of stock (=had none of something left).
Distribution control has cut out two layers from the chain, giving greater control of retail stock levels (=quantities in stock).
→ average stock → closing stock → dead stock → opening stock → safety stock
7[countableC, uncountableU]PROPERTY the houses, flats etc available in a particular place
The list of discounts offered by housebuilders gets longer as the stock of unsold new homes rises.
Another aspect of housing which merits attention is the condition of the older housing stock.
8[countableC, uncountableU]ECONOMICS an amount of gold, money etc that a country, company etc has available at a particular time
The US gold stock was down $1 million in November to $11.06 billion.
By making goods scarce, high tax policies render the existing stock of money more inflationary.
→ capital stock → money stock
9FARMING [uncountableU] farm animals, especially cattleSYN LIVESTOCK
He invested in stock, building up a herd of 1000 cattle.
→ see also rolling stock
stockstock2 verb [transitiveT]COMMERCE
1if a shop stocks a particular product, it keeps a supply of it to be sold
Independent boutiques that sell expensive clothes are stocking less merchandise as their sales drop.
2to have a supply of something so that it is ready to be used
The parts depot in California is well-stocked (=has lots of parts in stock).
→ see also overstock
→ stock up
Origin stock1
Old English stocc “tree-trunk, block of wood”
stock1 nounstock2 verbstock3 adjectiveadj
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1082 COCA: 740
stock

noun¹

 1available supply of sth庫存；貯備ADJECTIVE | VERB + STOCK | STOCK + VERB | STOCK + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤good, high, huge, large充足的庫存；高庫存；大量的貯備▸➤low低庫存▸➤adequate充足的庫存▸➤declining, dwindling, falling數量下降的貯備；萎縮的庫存◇declining fish stocks in the oceans海洋中不斷減少的魚類資源➤surplus過剩庫存▸➤buffer, reserve緩衝存貨；貯備存貨◇A buffer stock of grain was held in case of emergency shortages.穀物已有緩衝存貨，以備突發短缺之需。➤fresh, new新進的貨；新的貯備▸➤old舊貯備▸➤existing現有貯備▸➤breeding, fish, food, oil, etc.種畜、魚類貯備、糧食貯備、石油貯備等➤film庫存膠片▸➤housing (especially BrE) 房屋存量◇The housing stock is no longer large enough for the population.住房保有量已不能滿足人口的需求。➤capital, money資本／貨幣供給➤rolling (BrE) （鐵路上使用的）全部車輛◇The rail company is investing in new rolling stock.該鐵路公司正投資購買新的車輛。VERB + STOCK➤carry, have, hold, keep保有貯備；擁有貯備；保持貯備◇The big supermarkets carry huge stocks of most goods.大型超市的大部份商品都備貨很多。➤add to, increase增加／加大貯備▸➤get rid of, reduce清除／減少存貨◇They're getting rid of their old stock.他們正處理舊的庫存。➤maintain, protect維持／保護貯量◇laws to protect fish stocks保護魚類資源的法律➤replace, replenish更換／補充庫存STOCK + VERB➤be up, increase存量上升／增加▸➤be down, decline, dwindle, run low存量減少／下降／萎縮／降低◇Stocks of coal are running dangerously low.煤炭貯量已經降低到了危險水平。➤last保有庫存◇The offer is only available while stocks last.特價優惠售完為止。STOCK + NOUN➤room (usually stockroom) 倉庫▸➤levels存貨量▸➤control (especially BrE) 存貨控制PREPOSITION➤from stock從庫存中◇We can supply the table from stock.這種桌子我們可以現貨供應。➤in stock有現貨◇Do you have futon beds in stock or will I have to order one?日式蒲團墊你們有現貨還是需要預訂？➤out of stock無現貨◇Red tights are out of stock.紅色緊身衣脫銷了。
stock

noun²

 2 (especially NAmE) share in a company公司股份  ➡ see also share ADJECTIVE | VERB + STOCK | STOCK + VERB | STOCK + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤company公司股份➤growth成長股➤domestic, foreign境內股；境外股➤common, dividend-paying, preferred, restricted普通股；分紅股；優先股；限制股➤traded上市股票◇publicly traded stock公開上市的股票➤energy, financial, gold, high-tech, Internet, technology, etc.能源股、金融股、黃金股、高科技股、因特網股、科技股等▸➤tracking追踪股VERB + STOCK➤acquire, buy, invest in, purchase購得股份；購買股票；投資股票▸➤cash in, dispose of, sell兌現／出手／賣出股票▸➤deal in, trade買賣股票；進行股票交易▸➤have, hold, own持有股份；擁有股票▸➤issue發行股票▸➤value給股票估值◇The stocks were valued at $100 000.這些股票估價為 10 萬美元。STOCK + VERB➤be down, be up股價下跌／上漲▸➤drop, fall, go down, plummet, plunge, sink股價下降；股價大跌；股價跳水▸➤go up, rally, rise, soar股價上漲；股價反彈；股價驟升➤hit sth, reach sth股價達到⋯◇The company's stock hit an all-time high of $94.66.該公司的股價創出了 94.66 美元的歷史高點。STOCK + NOUN➤exchange, market股票交易所／市場➤price股票價格➤fund股票投資基金▸➤index股票指數▸➤option優先認股權PREPOSITION➤in stocks以股票形式◇She has about $30 000 in stocks.她有約 3 萬美元的股票。PHRASES➤investment in stocks股票投資▸➤stocks and bonds, stocks and shares (BrE) 股票和債券；股票和股份▸➤the price of the stocks, the value of the stocks股票價格／價值◇The total value of the stocks was over $3 million.股票總價值超過了 300 萬美元。
stock

noun³

 3liquid used for making soups, sauces, etc.湯汁ADJECTIVE | VERB + STOCK | STOCK + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤beef, chicken, fish, vegetable, etc.牛肉湯、雞湯、魚湯、蔬菜湯等VERB + STOCK➤make做湯▸➤dilute, reduce把湯稀釋；（通過蒸發）使湯變稠▸➤flavour/flavor給湯調味◇You can flavour / flavor the stock with bay leaves.你可以用月桂葉給湯調味。STOCK + NOUN➤cube濃縮固體湯料塊PREPOSITION➤in a/the stock在湯中◇Poach the fish in the stock.將魚在湯中烹煮。
stock

verb

be stocked ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤plentifully, well貯備充裕／充足▸➤fully, properly貯備充足／適當PREPOSITION➤with備有⋯◇gift shops stocked with cheap souvenirs有廉價紀念品的商店
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1082 COCA: 740
stock verb
⇨ equip 1 (a well-stocked library) ⇨ sell 2 (stock a range of products)stock noun
⇨ supply (in/out of stock) ⇨ take stock ⇨ examine verb
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1082 COCA: 740
stock
Collections, stores and sets of things: agglomeration, arsenal, assemblage...
General words for numbers, amounts and quantities: accumulation, allocation, allowance...
General words for information, news and facts: information, data, datum...
The activity of selling: aftermarket, buyer's market, call...
Stocks and shares and the stock exchange: bear, bearish, bear market...
Unspecified amounts of money: amount, appropriation, a price on someone's head...
Savoury sauces and vinegars: aioli, aspic, atchar...
Animal farming: brand, brand, cattle prod...
Ancestors: ancestor, ancestry, antecedents...
Flowers and flowering plants: alfalfa, amaryllis, anemone...
Respect and self-respect: self-respect, pride, dignity...
The punishment of being hit: beating, the birch, box someone's ears...
To sell something: disintermediate, mis-sell, upsell...
To fill a thing or place: fill, cram, stuff...
Habits and habitual behaviour: habit, routine, daily life...

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