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BNC: 19 COCA: 18

do

Word family 
do1 /duː/ ●●● S1 W1 auxiliary verb (past tensepst did /dɪd/, past participlepp done /dʌn/, third person singular3rd does /dəz; strong dʌz/)  
1  IN QUESTIONS/NEGATIVES
a) XXused with another verb to form questions or negatives 〔与另一动词连用，构成疑问句或否定句〕
 Do you like bananas?
你喜欢吃香蕉吗？
 I don’t feel like going out tonight.
我今天晚上不想出门。
 Ian didn’t answer.
伊恩没有回答。
 Where do you live?
你住在哪儿？
 Doesn’t Rosie look wonderful?
罗茜看上去不是很精神吗？
 Don’t listen to her!
别听她的！
b) XX spoken used to form question tags (=short questions that you add to the end of statements) 〔用于构成疑问尾句〕
 You know Tony, don’t you?
你认识托尼，是不是？
 She didn’t understand, did she?
她不明白，对不对？
2  used instead of repeating a verb that has already been used 〔用于避免重复某一动词〕
 ‘Will Kay come?’ ‘She may do.’
“凯来吗？” “或许吧。”
 So now you know as much as I do.
那么现在你知道的和我一样多了。
 ‘You forgot all about it.’ ‘No, I didn’t.’
“你把这事忘记得一干二净。” “没有，我没忘记。”
 ‘I want to go home.’ ‘So do I.’
“我想回家。” “我也是。”
 I didn’t believe the story and neither did he.
我不相信这个故事，他也不信。
3  FOR EMPHASISEMPHASIZEused to emphasize the main verb in a sentence 〔用于强调主要动词〕
 Do be careful.
一定要小心。
 You do look nice in that hat.
你戴那顶帽子确实不错。
 I do think she’s behaved badly.
我的确认为她的行为很糟糕。
 ‘You should have warned me.’ ‘But I did warn you.’
“你应该提醒我。” “可我的确提醒过你的。”
 He owns, or did own (=emphasizing past tense), a yacht.
他拥有——或者说曾经拥有——一艘游艇。
4  IN POLITE REQUESTSOFFER spoken used when politely offering someone something 〔用于给某人某物时表示礼貌〕
 Do have another sandwich.
请再来一块三明治。
Related topics: Education
do2 ●●● S1 W1 verb (past tensepst did, past participlepp done, third person singular3rd does)  
1  action/activity 行动/活动ACTIVITY/JOB [transitiveT]DO to perform an action or activity 做，干，履行，完成
 Have you done your homework yet?
你做完家庭作业了吗？
 You need to do more exercise.
你需要多锻炼。
 It’s a pleasure doing business with you.
很高兴跟你做生意。
 I didn’t know what to do.
我不知道该做什么。
 All he does is sit in front of the television all day.
他就整天坐在电视机前看电视。
do something/nothing/anything etc
 We should do something to help him.
我们应该做点什么来帮助他。
 It all happened so quickly that I couldn’t do anything about it.
这一切发生得那么快，我都来不及做什么。
 bored teenagers with nothing to do
无所事事的无聊少年
do the laundry/ironing/dishes etc
 It’s your turn to do the dishes.
轮到你洗碗碟了。
 Register
In written English, people often use the verb act rather than the phrase do something, as it sounds more formal: 在书面英语中,人们常用动词 act ,而不用短语 do something ,因为前者听上去更正式
The government needs to act to help these people.
政府需要采取行动帮助这些人。
2  succeed 成功SUCCEED/FAIL [intransitiveI]DO WELL used to ask or talk about how successful someone is at something 进展，进行〔用于表示进行得如何〕
3  have an effect 有效果 [transitiveT]EFFECT/INFLUENCE to have a particular effect on something or someone 对…有效果，对…起作用
4  job 工作BOJOB/WORK [transitiveT] to have a particular job 从事
5  enough/acceptable 足够的/可接受的 [intransitiveI, transitiveT not in progressive]GOOD ENOUGH used to say that something will be enough or be acceptable 足够；合适
6  what somebody will do for something used to talk about what arrangements someone has made to get something they need 某人怎么解决某事
Examples from the Corpus
what somebody will do for something• This brings me to what allatostatin will do for us.
7  what is somebody/something doing? spoken used to ask why someone or something is in a particular place or doing a particular thing, especially when you are surprised or annoyed by this 某人/某物这是在干什么？某人/某物怎么会在这里？〔尤表示惊讶或生气〕
Examples from the Corpus
think ... doing• What do you think they're doing?• I think doing both has helped me.• I thought we were doing fine.• Whatever he thought he was doing here, it doesn't look like an assignation, not with a woman anyway.• I think doing this two times a week is great.• To add to that, he hated her for what he thought she was doing to his sister.• Listen, I thought I was doing well just to remember who he was.• The Reagan Era, I think, is doing wonders for Tod's morale.
8  do your/somebody’s hair/nails/make-up etc to do something that improves your appearance or someone else’s appearance 给你自己/某人理发/修指甲/化妆等
Examples from the Corpus
do your/somebody’s hair/nails/make-up etc• I paint her face and do her hair.• I said, I did, I was approached about who does your hair?• It's to do with the hair.• One test of our response to the change made by age is what we decide to do about grey hair.• The working class adolescent of the 60s had quite a job deciding what to do with his hair.• She said that the day of the wedding, she should do my hair first.• Now, do you want me to do your make-up, or not?
9  spend time 花时间SPEND TIME [transitiveT] informalSPEND TIME to spend a period of time doing something 花，用，度过〔一段时间做某事〕
10  study 学习STUDY [transitiveT] British EnglishBrESE to study a particular subject in a school or university 〔在学校或大学里〕学习，攻读〔某门课程〕
11  cook 烹饪FOOD [transitiveT]DFC to cook a particular type of food 做，烧，煮〔某种食物〕
12  do 10 miles/20 kms etc TMCTTto achieve a particular distance, speed etc 行进了10英里/20公里等
13  provide a service 提供服务A SERVICE [transitiveT]DEAL WITH to provide a particular service or sell a particular product 提供〔某种服务〕；出售〔某种商品〕
14  perform a play 表演戏剧 [transitiveT] to perform a particular play, show etc 表演，排演
15  decorate 装饰 [transitiveT] to paint or decorate a room, house etc 装潢，装饰
16  behave 活动 [intransitiveI] to behave in a particular way 〔以某种形式〕活动，行动
17  somebody doesn’t do nice/funny/sensible etc spoken informal used humorously to say that someone cannot or does not behave in a particular way 某人可不会那么好心/有趣/理智等〔幽默用法〕
18  copy behaviour 模仿举止COPY [transitiveT]COPY to copy someone’s behaviour or the way they talk, especially in order to entertain people 模仿〔某人的举止言谈来逗乐〕
19  do lunch/do a movie etc informal to have lunch, go to see a film etc with someone 一起吃午餐/一起看电影等
20  drugs 毒品 [transitiveT] informal to use an illegal drug 吸〔毒〕
21  visit 参观VISIT [transitiveT]DLT to visit a particular place, especially as a tourist 参观，游览〔尤指作为游客〕
22. that’ll do! spokenSTOP DOING something used to tell a child to stop behaving badly 行了！够了！〔用于命令孩子停止不良行为〕
23  that does it! spoken used to say angrily that you will not accept a situation anymore 够了！〔用于表示受不了某情况〕
24  that should do it  (also that ought to do it) spoken used to say that you will have finished doing something if you just do one more thing 那样就完成了
Examples from the Corpus
that should do it• Slosh on a bit of this, and that should do it.
25. do it informalSEX/HAVE SEX WITH to have sex – used humorously or when you want to avoid saying the word ‘sex’ 性交〔幽默或委婉用法〕
Examples from the Corpus
do it• True to script, they did it.• However, we have certain things and that was part of your, your agreement was that you would do it.• I reach the end of the beach too quickly so I turn around and do it again.• Maybe we will do it all again in another six months???• It was a big step to do it and I wanted to do it for Freddie.• People do it because they see other people do it.• You did it! Congratulations!• I had to tell the officer about these people I saw doing it in the park.• We did it! We won the cup!• The difference is that, one, before, we did not do it wholesale.• Mr Regan does it with a shillelagh.
26  somebody would do well to do something ADVISEused to advise someone that they should do something 某人最好做某事〔用于建议〕
Examples from the Corpus
somebody would do well to do something• This is highly regarded and influential in police circles and the social worker would do well to be aware of its thinking.• Parents would do well to discuss them with their doctor or hospital personnel before birth. 1.• However, managers would do well to first address their own personal fears and discomfort.• Kansas City would do well to follow their example.• Nelson would do well to keep her political views out of her work.• Our selectors would do well to not pay too much attention to birth certificates.• She would do well to remember that.• It's a motto the world of fundraising would do well to remember.• And President Dole or President Clinton would do well to take advantage of the services of such a splendid fellow.
27. punish 惩罚PUNISH [transitiveT]PUNISH British EnglishBrE spoken to punish or attack someone 惩罚〔某人〕；袭击〔某人〕 → be/get done at done2(8)
28. deceive 欺骗 [transitiveT] British EnglishBrE informal to deceive or trick someone 欺骗〔某人〕 → be done at done2(7)
29  what’s doing ...? spokenHAPPEN used to ask what is happening 在发生什么事？要发生什么事？
30. do or die DETERMINEDused to say that someone is determined to do something very brave or dangerous even if they die attempting it 豁出性命一拼，不成功毋宁死
Examples from the Corpus
do or die• From now on it was do or die.• No words, no threats, no waste of energy, just a grim determination to do or die.• It was do or die for me.• I learnt in the South Bronx and the way you're taught there is a do or die situation.
31  how (are) you doing? spoken used when you meet someone to ask them if they are well, happy etc 你好吗？你情况如何？
Examples from the Corpus
how (are) you doing?• Hiya George how are you doing?• William Yes-hey, how you doing?• How you doing, Mr West?• How are you doing on those?
32. what can I do you for? spoken used humorously to ask someone how you can help them, especially when you are trying to sell them something 需要我帮忙吗？〔幽默用法，尤用于向别人推销东西〕
Examples from the Corpus
what can I do you for?• Good morning, Mitch! What can I do you for today?
33  do well by somebody TREAT/BEHAVE TOWARDSto treat someone well 对某人很好
Examples from the Corpus
do well by somebody• He's left home, but he still does well by his kids.• Economic constraints or limitations can be overcome given a sufficiently high motivation to do well by the individual entrepreneur.
34  do one spoken, informal used to tell someone who is making you feel upset or angry to go away 走开〔对让你心烦或气恼的人所说〕
→ doing, done2, → do your bit at bit2(8), → how do you do at how(11), → nothing doing at nothing1(14), → do somebody proud at proud(5), → do something to death at death(4), → can-do
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: to perform an action or activity
do + NOUN
do a job/task
On Saturdays I usually do a few jobs around the house.
do some/any/ no etc work
She was feeling too tired to do any work.
do the shopping/cleaning/ironing/cooking etc
Who does the cooking in your family?
do the housework (=jobs in your home such as cleaning, washing clothes etc)
I’ve been doing the housework all day.
do the dishes (also do the washing-up British EnglishBrE) (=wash the plates after a meal)
Will anyone help me do the washing-up?
do the laundry (also do the washing British EnglishBrE) (=wash dirty clothes)
Ellie was doing the washing.
do your homework
My parents don’t let me go out unless I’ve done my homework.
do a calculation/sum (=use numbers to find out a figure, price etc)
I did a quick calculation on a piece of paper.
do business (=buy and sell goods, or provide services)
The company does a lot of business in China.
do something/nothing/anything
He lay on the sofa and did nothing all day.
n THESAURUS
do to do something – used in the following phrases: do your work/homework etc
It usually takes me a couple of hours to do my homework.
| do the shopping/cooking/washing etc
She’s gone to the supermarket to do the shopping.
| do a test/experiment/some research
The doctor did some tests.
Fraser spent some time in Egypt doing some archaeological research.
Scientists are doing research on two types of vaccine.
| do a course
Have you decided which course you want to do at university?
make to do something – used in the following phrases: make a speech
The prince made a short speech.
| make a comment/suggestion/joke
Can I make a suggestion?
| make a decision
The committee will meet to make their final decision.
| make a mistake
I think someone has made a mistake.
give to do something – used in the following phrases: give a talk/speech/lecture
They’ve asked him to give a talk.
| give a performance
The band gave a brilliant performance.
take to do something – used in the following phrases: take a test/exam
Kate’s taking her driving test tomorrow.
| take a bath/shower
I think I’ll go and take a shower.
| take a walk
Normally, he took a walk in the evenings.
commit to do something that is a crime, especially a serious crime: commit a crime
The crime was committed in the early hours of the morning.
| commit a robbery/murder etc
Dixon later admitted committing the robbery.
carry out something to do something – used in the following phrases: carry out your work
The violence is making it difficult for firefighters to carry out their work.
| carry out a task/duty
He still managed to carry out his duties.
| carry out a survey/test/some research
The hospital carries out research into skin diseases.
| carry out an operation
The operation was carried out at a hospital in Paris.
| carry out a threat/promise
They didn’t carry out their threat to kill the hostages.
| carry out somebody’s orders/instructions/wishes
I’m sure I can rely on you to carry out my instructions.
perform to do something. Perform is more formal than carry out, and is used in the following phrases: perform a task/duty
The job mostly involves performing administrative tasks.
| perform an operation
A team of surgeons performed the operation.
conduct to do something – used in the following phrases: conduct a survey/study/experiment
They conducted a survey of approximately 2,000 people living in the area.
| conduct an inquiry/investigation
The police are conducting an investigation into the cause of the fire.
| conduct an interview
Knowing how to conduct a successful interview is a skill.
| conduct a campaign
People were unimpressed by the way in which the election campaign was conducted.
go about something to do your work or the things that you usually do, especially when something serious has happened: go about your work/business
The next day she went about her business as if nothing had happened.
get on with something spoken especially British EnglishBrE to start doing something that you should have started already or to continue doing something that you stopped doing for a short time
I need to get on with my homework.
be up to something spoken to be doing something that you think is probably bad, although you do not know exactly what it is
I’m sure they’re up to something.
What’s Jake up to? He’s been upstairs in his room all day.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 3: to have a particular effect on something or someone
do + NOUN
do some/any/no good (=improve a situation)
It might do some good if you talk to him about the problem.
The fresh air has done me good.
do somebody good (=make someone feel better)
not do (somebody) any harm also do (somebody) no harm (=not have a bad effect on something or someone)
One or two chocolate cookies won’t do you any harm.
do damage (to something/somebody)
A mistake like that can do a lot of damage to your career.
phrases
do a lot for something (=have a good effect on something)
The new leisure centre has done a lot for the town’s image.
do nothing for something (=not have a good effect on something)
Being apart for so long did nothing for our relationship.
do nothing for somebody (=used to say that particular clothes, colours etc do not suit someone)
I liked the dress but it did nothing for me.
do wonders for something (=have a very good effect on something)
A new haircut can do wonders for your self-confidence.
do more harm than good (=used to say that something had a bad effect rather than a good one)
I followed his advice but it did more harm than good.
 PHRASAL VERBS
Examples from the Corpus
do• I bought the car for £3500, and it's only done 30,000 miles!• Carrey wants to expand beyond funny faces, the way Steve Martin and Robin Williams did.• He's doing an art course at Wrexham College.• I'd better go home -- I've got to do an exam in the morning.• How are you doing? Are you nearly finished?• Do as I say, not as I do.• He does Clinton very well.• I've done dozens of shows in the north of England, and the audiences were great!• I can't decide whether to do German or Spanish next year.• I set my alarm for four in the morning to give myself enough time to do homework before the paper route.• So now Clinton does Ike one better: He has created a seven-member commission to study racial issues.• He used to do karate when he was in college.• "What are you doing?" "Making cookies."• I did my time in the army like everyone else.• Howard did some rapid calculations on the back of an envelope.• Hey, the washing-up's been done. That must have been Cynthia.• I'm always the one who does the cooking and cleaning and stuff around here.• Can you do the twist?• He did two years at the University of Tennessee after he left here.• As a young teacher she did two years in one of the city's toughest schools.• Aged 70, he does what he can to represent those inside.• I suppose I knew, in my heart, that it had something to do with Amin.• Anyone who thinks about the speedup of change must sense that it has a lot to do with modern technology.• Again, a problem having little to do with the need for truthfulness.• I could do you an omelette.• Did you do computing at school?• Do your homework before you watch TV.
do the laundry/ironing/dishes etc• Such a performance ensures she need never do the dishes.• She did the laundry and hung it out to dry in the back yard; she cooked the meals.• If it was my turn to do the dishes, I would usually lie down.• It is immoral to do the ironing in front of the television when there is a good film on.• He helped me do the dishes left from lunch.• They're more prepared to do the dishes or change nappies.• I mean how would you do the laundry with thirteen kids.
how somebody/something is doing (with/in something)• At least once a day we discuss with the parents how the baby is doing.• Top firms have been asked to supply him with sales data to help him understand how the economy is doing.• Directors must know how the organisation is doing against its chosen strategy.• I ask her several times how she is doing and she assures me that everything is fine, absolutely fine.• Be sure you also have a big-picture idea of how the economy is doing before buying your first stock.• Asked to evaluate how Congress is doing its job, the public divides evenly, 46 percent to 46 percent.• Once, when I ask how her son is doing, she practically runs from the room.• The government seems unaware how well he is doing, which suits him fine.
do wonders for• Nice curtains and matching scatter cushions do wonders for a jaded living room.• And the visit of a white lady from afar will do wonders for his reputation!• It would, of course, do wonders for local business.• We are hoping for romance and adventure, and certainly, starving is going to do wonders for my weight.• It does wonders for the individual, and it brings families together.• Younger talents can invigorate a team and do wonders for the payrolls; just look at Atlanta and Montreal.• This new role will do wonders for the silent opposition within his own ranks.• A nice dry day can do wonders for ticket sales.
do for a living• All the way along, of course, I wondered what I would eventually do for a living.• FreeI.net doesn't care about your name, your address, your age, or what you do for a living.• He was asked what he did for a living.• It's what I do for a living.• Or for guessing what this pair do for a living.• What does he do for a living?• Like if you are married, and what you do for a living apart from this.• I don't know what you do for a living but you obviously don't know much about the real world.
do me• Or does all this mystify you as much as it does me?• Angela, would you do me a favor.• Oh, Benjamin, could you do me a favor?• Stonehenge has gone, so I reckon I can do me bit of growing up at Skipton Hall.• Now do me the same for every year between 1066 and 2065.• Okay, but can you do me this?
did ... time• I didn't have time to do anything else.• I want to get this club turned in the other direction, like we did the last time.• It was difficult to see him alone, but I did manage a few times.• He did it three times, and each time the shell came up flush with the barrel.• When I got drafted, I did my time, and then I joined a reserve unit.• Simpson, as he did many times, kept saying everyone would have to see his video.• We saw less and less of each other and fought like tigers when we did spend time together.
do as you’re told• You do as you 're told.• You need your owner's support and wisdom so try to keep to heel and do as you 're told.• Hell, why can't you do as you 're told for me?• If she doesn't do as she's told, send her to her room.
Related topics: Leisure
do3 noun (plural dos or do’s) [countableC]  
1  DL informal a party or other social event 聚会，社交活动
2  dos and don’ts  (also do’s and don’ts)SHOULD/OUGHT TO things that you should and should not do in a particular situation 该做的和不该做的事情，注意事项
Examples from the Corpus
dos and don’ts• the dos and don'ts of office dating
3. American EnglishAmE informal a hairdo 〔女子〕发式，发型
Examples from the Corpus
do• A friend of mine's having a bit of a do in town tomorrow night.• a family do• Are you going to Darren's leaving do?
Related topics: Music
do4 /dəʊ $ doʊ/ noun [singular, uncountableU]   → d'oh, dough, doe
1.APManother spelling of doh / doh 的另一种拼法
From Longman Business Dictionary
DODO or d/oTRANSPORT
written abbreviation for DELIVERY ORDER
Origin do1
Old English don
do1 auxiliary verbdo2 verb
→10-19
→20-34

→REGISTER1 →n COLLOCATIONS1 →n COLLOCATIONS2 →n THESAURUS1
→PHRASAL VERBS1do3 noundo4 noun
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus

See also: doh

BNC: 19 COCA: 18
BNC: 19 COCA: 18
do verb
⇨ do 1 (do some research) ⇨ do 2 (do well at school) ⇨ behave (Do as you're told.) ⇨ go 2 (do thousands of miles) ⇨ learn (do biology/Shakespeare) ⇨ make 1 (do a drawing) ⇨ play 3 (do ‘Hamlet’) ⇨ pose (do an Irish accent) ⇨ solve 2 (do a puzzle/sum) ⇨ stay 2 (do Tokyo in three days) ⇨ take 9 (do drugs) ⇨ do something ⇨ act ⇨ have/be to do with sth ⇨ apply 2 ⇨ be done ⇨ finishdo1

verb

 do the washing/some research 洗衣服；做研究do well at school 在学校学习好do ♦︎ carry sth out ♦︎ conduct ♦︎ undertake ♦︎ perform ♦︎ implement ♦︎ commit ♦︎ practise ♦︎ go through sthThese words all mean to work at an activity or task. 这些词均表示从事、执行、操作。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to do / carry out / conduct / undertake / perform the work◆to do / carry out / conduct / undertake / perform a / an activity / analysis / investigation / review / assessment / evaluation◆to do / carry out / conduct / undertake business◆to do / carry out / conduct / perform / go through a test◆to do / carry out / undertake / perform a task / job◆to do / carry out / perform / go through a manoeuvre◆to do / carry out / perform / practise surgery◆to do / carry out / implement a plan / policy / strategy◆to do / carry out / conduct / undertake / perform / implement sth effectively / efficiently / properly / successfully◆to do / conduct / perform / implement sth well / poorly■ do (does, did, done) [transitive] to work at an activity, task or job 从事（工作）；进行（活动）；执行（任务）◆I do aerobics once a week.我每周做一次有氧健身运动。◆I'm doing some research on the subject.我正就这一课题进行研究。◆I have a number of things to do today.我今天有几件事要做。◆What do you do (= what is your job)?你是做什么工作的？◆What did she do for a living?她过去以什么谋生？ⓘ Do is often used to refer to actions that you do not mention by name or do not know about. * do常指做一些没有言明或不甚了解的事情◆What are you doing this evening?今晚你打算做什么？◆There's nothing to do (= no means of passing the time in an enjoyable way) in this place.这地方没什么好玩的。◆The company ought to do something about the poor service.这公司应该采取点措施解决服务差的问题。◆There's nothing we can do about it (= we can't change the situation).我们对此毫无办法。◆What can I do for you (= how can I help)?我能为您做点什么？ ⓘ Do is often used with nouns for activities or tasks such as shopping or cleaning. * do常与表示活动或工作的名词如shopping或cleaning连用◆ (BrE) I like listening to the radio when I'm doing the ironing.我喜欢边熨衣服边听收音机。◆She did a lot of acting when she was at college.她上大学时演过很多戏。◆You could help me by doing (= washing) the dishes.你可以帮我洗碗。◆I like the way you've done your hair.我喜欢你梳的发式。 ■ ˌcarry sth ˈout

phrasal verb

 (rather formal) to do and complete a task or action 执行，完成（任务）；开展（活动）◆We carry out routine maintenance of the equipment.我们对设备进行日常维护。◆The company has just carried out a major cost-cutting exercise.这家公司刚刚实行了一次重要的削减成本举措。◆The pilot has to carry out a series of complex manoeuvres.飞行员必须完成一系列复杂的机动动作。◆The massacre was carried out by enemy troops.那次大屠杀是敌军干的。ⓘ Carry out is used to talk about work, tasks or crimes; but even in the case of crimes, they are often crimes that have been carefully planned or ordered. * carry out指从事工作、任务或犯罪活动，但即使表示从事犯罪活动，也指精心策划或组织的犯罪。■ conduct kənˈdʌkt [transitive] (formal) to organize and/or do a particular activity 组织；安排；实施◆We conducted the experiment under controlled circumstances.我们是在严格控制的情况下进行那次实验的。◆The negotiations have been conducted in a positive manner.那几次谈判是以一种积极的方式组织安排的。◆The interrogation was conducted by senior police officers.担任审问工作的是一些高级警官。ⓘ Conduct is often used with words like enquiry, inquest, interview, interrogation, investigation, survey and study, in which people are trying to get answers to questions. * conduct常与enquiry、inquest、interview、interrogation、investigation、survey和study连用，表示设法给问题找到答案。■ undertake ˌʌndəˈteɪk; NAmE ˌʌndərˈteɪk(undertook, undertaken) [transitive] (formal) to make yourself responsible for sth and start doing it 承担；从事；负责◆The directors of the company refused to undertake such a risky venture.公司董事拒绝承担这样一个高风险的经营项目。◆A group of enthusiasts has undertaken the reconstruction of a steam locomotive.一群热心者已经承担起一台蒸汽机车的复原工作。ⓘ Undertake is usually used to talk about an important job that a person or group of people takes responsibility for. * undertake通常指承担或负责重要的工作。   see also undertaking ⇨ project ■ perform [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to do sth, such as a piece of work, task or duty 做；履行；执行◆A computer can perform many tasks at once.电脑能同时做多项工作。◆She performs an important role in our organization.她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。◆He performed miracles to get everything ready in time.他及时把一切都准备妥当，创造了奇迹。NOTE 辨析 Carry out or perform? Carry out places emphasis on the amount of work, especially when this lasts a period of time and is done according to a plan. Perform often emphasizes the skill involved. * carry out强调工作的量，尤其是须持续一段时间和按计划完成的工作；perform常强调工作所涉及的技能◆carry out miracles/an important role ◆perform inquiries/a cost-cutting exercise Carry out, but not perform, can be used to talk about negative actions such as attack, abuse, assault, assassination and killing. * carry out可用于attack、abuse、assault、assassination和killing之类的有害行为，perform则不能。 ■ implement ˈɪmplɪment [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth that has been officially decided start to happen or be used 实施；贯彻；执行◆We have not yet begun to implement the changes.我们尚未实行这些变革。◆We are implementing a new system of stock control.我们正在实施一种新的库存管理系统。■ commit (-tt-) [transitive] to do sth wrong or illegal 做（错误或非法的事）；犯（罪或错等）◆What leads someone to commit murder?导致人犯谋杀罪的原因是什么？◆We heard of some of the appalling crimes committed against innocent children.我们听到一些对无辜儿童犯下的骇人听闻的罪行。ⓘ Commit collocates with crime, offence, atrocity, outrage and sin and some words for different crimes and sins, including murder, assault, robbery, adultery and blasphemy. To commit suicide is to kill yourself deliberately. * commit与crime、offence、atrocity、outrage和sin搭配，也与表示不同罪行或罪过的词如murder、assault、robbery、adultery和blasphemy搭配。commit suicide指自杀。■ practise (BrE) (NAmE practice) [transitive] (rather formal) to do sth regularly as part of your normal behaviour 经常做（某事）；养成⋯的习惯◆A lot of couples now practise safe sex.许多夫妻现在实行安全性行为。◆Do you still practise your religion?你还奉行你的宗教信仰吗？◆Train yourself to practise self-restraint.对自己进行训练以培养自制力。   see also practice ⇨ use noun ■ go through sth

phrasal verb

(went, gone)to perform a series of actions; to follow a method or procedure 执行某行动；实行某方法；履行某程序◆Certain formalities have to be gone through before you can emigrate.必须办理一定的手续方能移居他国。◆We go through the same old routine every morning.每天早上我们都要做一遍同一套的例行程序。do2

verb

 do the washing/some research 洗衣服；做研究do well at school 在学校学习好do ♦︎ go ♦︎ perform ♦︎ fare ♦︎ get on/alongThese verbs are all used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth. 这些词均用来询问或谈论事情的进展。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to do / go / perform / fare / get on / get along well◆to do / go / perform brilliantly / excellently / badly◆to do / perform / fare poorly■ do (does, did, done) [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (especially spoken) used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth （谈论或询问时用）进展，进行◆How is the business doing?生意好吗？◆She did well out of (= made a big profit from) the deal.她从这笔交易中赚了不少钱。◆He's doing very well at school (= his work is good).他在学校里学习很不错。◆Both mother and baby are doing well (= after the birth of the baby).母子平安。◆ (informal) How are you doing (= how are you)?你好吗？■ go (went, gone) [intransitive] (especially spoken) used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sth （事情）进展，进行◆'How did your interview go?' 'It went very well, thank you.'“你面试的情况如何？”“非常顺利，谢谢。”◆Did everything go smoothly?一切都顺利吗？◆How's it going (= is your life enjoyable, successful, etc. at the moment)?近况可好？◆The way things are going the company will be bankrupt by the end of the year.从事态发展的情况看，到年底这家公司就会破产。NOTE 辨析 Do or go? Do can be used to talk about the progress or success of either a person or a thing; go can only be used to talk about a thing. When you use do to talk about a thing, you are interested in how popular or profitable it is, so do is generally used to talk about the success of sth such as a business or other enterprise. Go is more general, used to describe sth that you experience, such as an event, an interview, a test, or things or life in general. * do可指人或事物的进展与成功，go则仅指事物。用do表示事物的进展时，关注的是受欢迎程度或赢利多少，所以do一般用于谈论生意或业务的成功。go更宽泛些，用于谈论自己经历过的事情，如某一事件，搭配interview、test、things或life等词。■ perform [intransitive] (rather formal) used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth, especially in business, sport or a test 进展，进行（尤用来询问或谈论生意、运动或考试的情况）◆The company has been performing poorly over the past year.这家公司过去一年业绩欠佳。◆If Rooney performs (= performs well) then I believe England can win.如果鲁尼发挥得好，我相信英格兰队能够获胜。◆She performed less well in the second test.她在第二次测验中表现欠佳。▸ performance

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆the country's economic performance这个国家的经济状况◆It was an impressive performance by the French team.那是法国队一次令人叹服的表现。■ fare [intransitive] (especially written) used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth （谈论或询问时用）进展，进行◆The party fared very badly in the last election.该党上次竞选情况很糟。◆The North, by and large, has fared better than most regions in avoiding high unemployment figures.总的说来，北部地区在避免出现高失业率方面比大多数地区都好些。NOTE 辨析 Perform or fare? Perform is more active than fare: a person or company that performs well is successful because of what they do; a person or group that fares well is successful, or just lucky, because good things happen to them or the conditions are right for them. Both these words are used to talk about people, groups or organizations, but not events. * perform的主动性比fare强，perform well指个人或公司因自身的努力而业绩突出，fare well指个人或群体取得成功，也可能只是幸运，即好事降临在他们头上或者情况有利于他们。两个词都用于人、群体或组织，不用于事件◆The interview performed/fared well. ■ ˌget ˈon■ ˌget aˈlong

phrasal verb

(getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (especially BrE, rather informal) used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb （谈论或询问某人的情况）进展，进行◆He's getting on very well at school.他在学校里学习很好。◆I went to see how they were getting along.我去看了他们的工作进展情况。ⓘ When get on/along is used with an adverb, it is usually well; it is not common to talk about sb getting on/along badly. The subject of get on/along is usually a person or small group of people in an informal context; it is not used to talk about businesses, organizations or events. * get on/along后接副词时通常接well，一般不说某人get on/along badly。在非正式语境中，get on/along的主语通常是一个人或一小组人，而不是生意、组织或事件。
BNC: 19 COCA: 18

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