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BNC: 1184 COCA: 937

pain

Word family
pain1 /peɪn/ ●●● S2 W2 noun   pane
1 [countableC, uncountableU]PAIN the feeling you have when part of your body hurts 〔肉体上的〕疼,痛,疼痛
 The pain is getting worse.
疼得越来越厉害了。
pain in
 She felt a sharp pain in her leg.
她感到腿上一阵剧痛。
 Greg was in a lot of pain.
格雷格疼痛万分。
growing pains(2)
2 [countableC, uncountableU]SUFFER the feeling of unhappiness you have when you are sad, upset etc 痛苦;苦恼;烦恼
 the pain and grief of bereavement
丧亲之痛
cause (somebody) pain/inflict pain on somebody
 She hated to say the words, for fear of causing pain.
她不愿说那些话,怕伤害了别人。
3 be a pain (in the neck)  (also be a pain in the ass/arse/backside/butt not polite) spokenDIFFICULT to be very annoying 令人极其讨厌
 There were times when Joe could be a real pain in the neck.
有时候乔真的很讨人嫌。
 It’s a pain, having to go upstairs to make the coffee every time.
每次都得上楼去煮咖啡,真讨厌。
Examples from the Corpus
4 take/go to (great) pains to do something  (also take pains with/over something)CAREFUL to make a special effort to do something 煞费苦心做某事;十分努力地做某事
 He’s taken great pains to improve his image.
他煞费苦心要改善自己的形象。
Examples from the Corpus
5 be at pains to do something CAREFULto be especially careful to make sure people understand what you are saying or what you plan to do 小心翼翼地做某事〔以免别人误解〕
 Roy was at pains to point out that English was the only exam he’d ever failed.
罗伊特地说明英语是他唯一曾经考试不及格的科目。
Examples from the Corpus
6 for your pains DO something/TAKE ACTIONas a reward for something you worked to achieve – used especially when this is disappointing 作为辛劳的报酬〔尤指结果令人失望〕
 I fetched the file, and all I got for my pains was a dirty look from Simon.
我去拿来了文件,而我得到的回报竟是西蒙厌恶的一瞥。
Examples from the Corpus
7. no pain, no gainno gain no pain used to say that you can only achieve something, for example become fitter, by suffering or working hard 不劳无获;一分耕耘,一分收获
8 on/under pain of death KILLat the risk of being killed as punishment, if you do not obey 违者处死
 Communist activity was prohibited on pain of death.
过去禁止共产主义活动,违者处死。
Examples from the Corpus
COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
bad 厉害的
Later that evening, the pain was really bad.
那天深夜,疼痛非常剧烈。
terrible/awful 可怕的/厉害的
I woke up with a terrible pain in my side.
醒来时我身体一侧疼得很厉害。
severe/intense 严重的/剧烈的
Ever since the accident, Mike’s suffered from severe back pain.
自那次事故之后,迈克一直忍受着背部的剧痛。
excruciating (=very severe) 极痛苦的,极严重的
The pain in my eye was excruciating.
我的眼睛痛得受不了。
a sharp pain (=short but severe) 剧痛
She felt a sharp pain in the back of her throat.
她感到喉咙里一阵剧痛。
a slight pain (=not severe) 微痛
nI’ve got a slight pain in my side.
a dull pain (=a slight but continuous pain) 隐痛
nThere was a dull pain in his lower jaw.
a nagging pain (=felt all the time) 持续不断的痛
nRob felt fine, apart from a nagging pain in his left wrist.
chronic pain (=pain that you suffer from for long periods of time) 慢性疼痛
nMany of the elderly patients suffer chronic pain.
a shooting pain (=a severe pain that goes from one part of your body to another) 刺痛
nThe shooting pains in her arms and legs slowly began to die away.
a searing pain (=very severe, as if you have been burnt) 灼痛
nHis elbow struck the side of the table, sending a searing pain through his arm.
na stabbing pain (=sharp and sudden)
Marcus heard a shot and felt a stabbing pain at the back of his ankle.
na throbbing pain (=a pain that gets stronger and then weaker, in a steady continuous beat)
I’ve still got this throbbing pain in my leg.
back/chest/stomach etc pain //胃部等疼痛
nMany people suffer from back pain.
abdominal pain 腹痛
nSeveral of the hotel’s guests had persistent abdominal pain and diarrhoea.
physical pain 身体疼痛
nHe couldn’t stand physical pain.
nlabour pains British EnglishBrE, labor pains American EnglishAmE (=felt by a woman at the time she is having a baby)
Becky was at work when labour pains began.
verbs
have a pain 感到疼痛
I’ve got a terrible pain in my stomach.
我胃痛得厉害。
feel pain 感到疼痛
The dentist told me that I wouldn’t feel any pain.
牙医跟我说我一点都不会觉得痛的。
be in pain 感到疼痛
Despite being in great pain, he managed to call for help.
尽管忍受着剧痛,他仍设法呼救了。
suffer (from) pain 忍受疼痛
She suffers from chronic pain in her legs.
她忍受着腿部慢性疼痛的折磨。
inflict pain 施加痛苦
The guards enjoyed inflicting pain on them.
看守们喜欢给他们施加痛苦。
relieve/ease pain (also alleviate pain formal) (=make it less severe) 缓解/减轻痛苦
Exercise can help to relieve lower back pain.
锻炼有助于减轻腰痛。
experience pain formal 经历疼痛,忍受痛苦
nAnimals caught in the trap experience great pain before they die.
complain of pain (=say that you have a pain in a part of your body) 诉说疼痛症状
nAfter we finished our run, Tom complained of pains in his chest.
the pain gets worse 疼痛加剧
nIf the pain gets any worse, see your doctor.
the pain goes away (also the pain subsides formal) (=becomes less severe) 痛感消失
nHe lay still until the pain had subsided to a dull ache.
nthe pain comes and goes (=keeps starting and stopping)
The pain comes and goes but it’s never too severe.
pain + NOUN
pain relief (=a drug or treatment that makes pain less severe) 镇痛药;镇痛治疗
nThese drugs offer effective pain relief for the very sick.
somebody’s pain threshold (=their ability to bear pain) 痛觉阈限,痛阈
nEveryone has a different pain threshold.
phrases
aches and pains 轻微疼痛
Everyone has a few aches and pains when they get older.
上了年纪后人人都会有些小病小痛的。
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘big pain’. Say terrible pain or severe pain.
不要说big pain’. 而要说 terrible pain severe pain.
THESAURUS
pain noun [countableC, uncountableU] the feeling when part of your body hurts 〔身体某部分的〕疼痛
A broken leg can cause a lot of pain.
腿部骨折会产生剧痛。
He felt a sharp pain in his chest.
他感到胸口一阵刺痛。
ache noun [countableC, uncountableU] a continuous pain, especially one that is not very bad. Most commonly used in compounds such as headache, toothache, and backache 〔持续的,尤指不十分剧烈的〕疼痛〔多用于构成复合词, headache,toothache backache
I felt an ache in my back after decorating all day.
装修了一整天,我感到背有点痛。
Driving gives me a headache.
开车让我头痛。
nI’ve got stomach ache.
nDo you have earache?
twinge noun [countableC] a sudden slight pain that comes and then disappears quickly 〔突发而短暂的〕微痛,刺痛
When I bent down I felt a twinge in my back.
我俯身时感到背上一阵微痛。
discomfort noun [uncountableU] formal an uncomfortable feeling in your body, or a slight pain 不适;微痛
The procedure takes five minutes and only causes slight discomfort.
整个过程为时五分钟,仅有些许不适。
agony noun [uncountableU] a feeling of great pain, or a situation in which you feel a lot of pain 极度痛苦
the agony of childbirth
分娩的剧痛
I was in agony by the time I got to the hospital.
我到医院时已痛得很厉害。
nIt was agony (=very painful)getting up out of bed.
suffering noun [uncountableU] continuous physical or mental pain, which makes someone very unhappy 〔身体或精神上的〕痛苦,苦恼
I just wanted someone to put an end to my suffering.
我真想有人来结束我的痛苦。
the suffering of the earthquake victims
地震灾民的苦难
Examples from the Corpus
pain2 verb [transitiveT]  
it pains somebody to do something formalUPSET used to say that it is very difficult and upsetting for someone to have to do something 某人因不得不做某事而感到苦恼
Examples from the Corpus
Examples from the Corpus
Origin pain1
(1200-1300) Old French peine, from Latin poena, from Greek poine payment, punishment
BNC: 1184 COCA: 937
pain

noun¹

1physical pain身體疼痛ADJECTIVE | ... OF PAIN | VERB + PAIN | PAIN + VERB | PAIN + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEacute, agonizing, awful, blinding, excruciating, extreme, great, immense, intense, severe, terrible, unbearable, unimaginable劇痛;折磨人的痛;鑽心的痛;無法忍受的痛aching, burning, cramping, numbing, piercing, searing, sharp, shooting, stabbing, stinging, throbbing痠痛;灼痛;絞痛;痛得發麻;刺痛;劇痛;抽痛She had a burning pain in one eye.她的一隻眼睛有灼痛感。dull, little, mild, slight隱隱的疼痛;輕微的疼痛debilitating讓人虛弱的疼痛chronic, constant, nagging, persistent長期的/持續的/難以消除的/持久的疼痛sudden突然發作的疼痛intermittent間歇的疼痛recurrent反複發作的疼痛bodily, physical肉體上的痛苦abdominal, back, chest, joint, leg, muscle, pelvic, shoulder, stomach腹痛;背疼;胸痛;關節疼;腿疼;肌肉痛;盆腔痛;肩膀痛;胃痛She's been in bed with back pain.她因後背痛而一直卧牀。He went to the doctor with chest pains.他胸部疼痛,去看醫生了。menstrual, period (especially BrE) 痛經arthritis關節炎疼痛labor pain, labour/labor pains (BrE, NAmE) 分娩時的陣痛growing pains發育期痛phantom幻覺痛the phantom pain of a lost limb失去的肢體的幻覺疼痛... OF PAINspasm, stab一陣抽痛;一陣突然的劇痛VERB + PAINbe in, be racked with, experience, feel, get, go through, have, suffer, suffer from疼痛;受疼痛折磨;感到疼痛;經受疼痛He was obviously in a great deal of pain.他顯然疼得很厲害。Can you feel any pain?你能感覺到痛嗎?Marathon runners are used to going through pain.馬拉松選手已習慣了疼痛。He was taken to the hospital suffering from severe abdominal pain.他因腹部劇痛被送到醫院。cause, give sb, inflict引起/令某人/使遭受疼痛His back gives him a lot of pain.他的背痛得厲害。It's wrong to inflict pain on any animal.傷害任何動物都是不道德的。aggravate, exacerbate, increase, make worse使疼痛加劇alleviate, block out, deaden, dull, ease, help, kill, lessen, numb, reduce, relieve, soothe, stop減輕疼痛;抑制疼痛;鎮痛;止痛These pills should ease the pain.這些藥丸應該會緩解疼痛。control, manage抑制疼痛The treatments helped manage his pain.這些治療有助於幫他止痛。minimize盡可能減少疼痛treat治療疼痛Doctors used to treat back pain with rest.醫生們過去讓病人靜養來治療背痛。bear, endure, put up with, stand, take, withstand忍受疼痛ignore忽視疼痛cry out in, cry with, groan with, scream with痛得喊出來;痛得呻吟;疼得尖叫be contorted with, contort in因疼痛而扭曲His face was contorted with pain as he crossed the finish line.衝過終點線時,他疼得臉都變了形。PAIN + VERBbegin, come, occur, start疼痛開始發作The pains began shortly after she started work as a gardener.她當上園丁不久,疼痛就開始了。erupt, flare, flare up疼痛發作hit sb/sth, strike sb/sth疼痛襲擊⋯A sharp pain hit the middle of my chest and I collapsed.我的胸部正中一陣劇痛,然後我便暈倒了。course through sb/sth, flash through sth, flood sth, lance through sb/sth (literary, especially NAmE) , radiate from sth to sth, rip through sb/sth, rush through sb/sth, rush up sb/sth, sear through sb/sth, shoot through sth, shoot up sth, stab sb/sth, surge through sb/sth, sweep over sb/sth, sweep through sb/sth, tear through sb/sth, throb, wash over sb疼痛經過⋯;疼痛掠過⋯;疼痛傳到⋯;疼痛從⋯傳到⋯;疼痛湧到⋯;抽痛;疼痛遍及⋯A sharp pain shot up his leg.他的腿上一陣劇痛。overwhelm sb, wrack sb/sth疼痛壓倒⋯/使⋯垮掉Pain wracked her frail body once more.疼痛再次擊垮了她虛弱的身體。grow stronger, increase, intensify, worsen疼痛變得強烈;疼痛加劇disappear, ease, fade, go, recede, stop, subside疼痛消失;疼痛停止;疼痛慢慢消退Has the pain gone yet?疼痛已經消失了嗎?persist疼痛不止If the pain persists, see your doctor.如果還是疼的話,就去看醫生。come back, return疼痛重新開始PAIN + NOUNcontrol, management, relief止痛;疼痛治療killer (usually painkiller) , medication, medicine, pill, reliever止痛藥sufferer疼痛患者symptoms疼痛症狀specialist疼痛治療專家clinic疼痛門診threshold, tolerance痛閾;疼痛耐受力level疼痛程度intensity, severity疼痛強度sensation痛覺PREPOSITIONpain in⋯處的痛a pain in her side她身體一側的疼痛PHRASESaches and pains疼痛Eucalyptus oil is good for easing muscular aches and pains.桉樹油可以很好地緩解肌肉的疼痛。a cry of pain疼痛的大叫a threshold for pain, a threshold of pain痛覺閾;痛點I have a very low threshold for pain.我這人痛點很低。
pain

noun²

2unhappiness不愉快ADJECTIVE | VERB + PAIN | PHRASES ADJECTIVEgreat, immense, intense, terrible非常痛苦numbing使人麻木的疼痛indescribable, unspeakable難言之痛emotional感情上的苦痛VERB + PAINcause (sb), give sb, inflict引起(某人)/令某人/使遭受痛苦Through her drug addiction she had inflicted a lot of pain on the family.因吸毒上癮,她給家庭帶來了巨大的痛苦。feel, go through感到/遭受痛苦know知道痛苦She knew the pain of separation.她知道分離的痛苦。get over從痛苦中恢復過來It took him several years to get over the pain of losing his job.他花了好幾年時間才擺脫失去工作的苦痛。dull, ease, lessen, numb減輕悲痛heal治瘉痛苦Nothing could heal the pain of her son's death.沒有什麼能治好兒子去世帶給她的痛苦。spare sb使某人免遭痛苦We hoped to spare her the pain of having to meet her attacker.為了不讓她感到痛苦,我們希望能夠避免讓她見到攻擊她的人。express表達痛苦share分擔痛苦It was lovely to have someone there to share both the pain and the joy.有人分享歡樂、分擔痛苦,真好。conceal, hide, mask掩飾痛苦He tried to conceal his pain from her.他盡力不讓她知道自己的痛苦。forget忘記痛苦For a few moments she forgot the pain he had caused her.有那麼一會兒她忘了他給她造成的痛苦。bear, endure, withstand承受痛苦relive再遭痛苦I don't want to relive the pain of losing her.我不想再次遭受失去她的痛苦。sense感覺到疼痛I could sense her pain and put my arm around her.我能感覺到她的痛苦,於是伸出一隻胳膊摟着她。prolong延長痛苦PHRASESthe pain etched on sb's face刻在某人臉上的痛苦Ellen saw the pain etched on his face when he mentioned his ex-wife's name.埃倫提到他前妻的名字時,能看見刻在他臉上的痛苦。
BNC: 1184 COCA: 937
pain noun
pain (chest pains) distress (the pain of separation) nuisance (That man's a pain.)
pain verb
hurt1
pain

noun

pain ♦︎ ache ♦︎ suffering ♦︎ discomfort ♦︎ agonyThese are all words for the feelings that you have in your body when you have been hurt or when you are ill. 这些词均表示疼痛。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达疼痛的程度
discomfortpainagony
ache
suffering
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配in pain / discomfort / agony(a) back / stomach pain / acheto cause pain / suffering / discomfortto inflict pain / sufferingto suffer pain / discomfort / agonyto relieve / ease the pain / suffering / discomfort / agony pain [uncountable, countable] the feelings that you have in your body when you have been hurt or when you are ill (身体上的)疼痛She was clearly in a lot of pain.她显然疼痛万分。He felt a sharp pain in his knee.他感到膝盖一阵剧痛。He went to the doctor with chest pains.他胸口痛,去看了医生。The booklet contains information on pain relief during labour.这本小册子介绍了减轻分娩疼痛的知识。Pain can also be a mental feeling. * pain也可以指精神上的痛苦。 see also pain distress noun , pain hurt verb 1 ache eɪk [countable] a continuous feeling of pain in a part of the body (身体部位持续的)疼痛You get more aches and pains as you get older.人老了就常常会这儿疼那儿疼的。 Ache is often used in compounds. * ache常用于构成复合词Mummy, I've got a tummy ache.妈妈,我肚子疼。to have a stomach ache / headache / backache / toothache胃痛;头疼;背疼;牙疼In British English, some of these compounds can be uncountable. 在英式英语中,这些复合词中有些可以作不可数名词 [uncountable] (BrE) to have backache / toothache背疼;牙疼 see also ache hurt verb 2 suffering [uncountable, plural] physical pain, especially when it affects the whole body and continues for a long time (尤指全身的、持续时间长的)疼痛,痛苦Death finally brought an end to her suffering.死亡终于结束了她的痛苦。The hospice aims to ease the sufferings of the dying.临终关怀医院旨在减轻临终者的痛苦。Suffering can also be emotional pain. * suffering也可以指情感上的痛苦。 see also suffering distress suffer

verb

[intransitive] I hate to see animals suffering.我不忍心看动物受苦。
discomfort dɪsˈkʌmfət; NAmE dɪsˈkʌmfərt [uncountable] (rather formal) a feeling of slight pain or of being physically uncomfortable 轻微的病痛;不适You will experience some minor discomfort during the treatment.治疗中你会稍感不适。 agony ˈægəni [uncountable, countable] extreme physical pain (身体的)极度痛苦Jack collapsed in agony on the floor.杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。The animal writhed in its death agonies.那动物快死了,痛苦地扭动着。Agony can also be emotional pain. * agony也可以指情感上的痛苦。 see also agony distress
BNC: 1184 COCA: 937
pain
Pain and pains: ache, agony, anguish...
Sadness and unhappiness: sadness, depression, grief...
To make someone feel sad or upset: upset, wound, disturb...

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