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BNC: 3 COCA: 4

of

of /əv, ə; strong ɒv $ əv, ə strong $ ɑːv/ ●●● S1 W1 prepositionprep   → a a, re, her, or, 've, er, o o, have, are
1  used to show what a part belongs to or comes from …的一部分
 the back of the house
房子的后部
 the last scene of the movie
电影的最后一个场景
 the end of the day
一天的末了
2  OWNused to show who something or someone belongs to or has a connection with 属于〔某人或某物〕的
 a friend of Mark’s
马克的一个朋友
 Avocado salad is a favourite of mine.
鳄梨色拉是我的最爱之一。
 Product inspection is the responsibility of the employees themselves.
检验产品是员工自己的责任。
3  used when talking about a feature or quality that something has …的〔表示某物的特征或品质〕
 the cost of the meal
这顿饭的花费
 the beauty of the scenery
景色之美
 the length of the swimming pool
游泳池的长度
4  XXused to show what group one or more things or people belong to 〔表示同一类中的所属关系〕
 some of the students
某些学生
 ‘Sunflowers’ is one of his best-known paintings.
《向日葵》是他最著名的画作之一。
 Two of the guests are vegetarian.
其中有两位客人是素食者。
 a member of the baseball team
棒球队的一名队员
5  XXused to show what type of substance or thing you are referring to, when talking about an amount 〔谈论数量时表示所指之物的种类〕
 two kilos of sugar
两公斤糖
 millions of dollars
数百万美元
 a bar of chocolate
一块巧克力
6  used to say what something contains 〔说明某物所含之物〕
 a cup of coffee
一杯咖啡
 several packets of cigarettes
几包香烟
 truckloads of refugees
一车车的难民
7  GROUP OF PEOPLEGROUP OF THINGSused to say what type of things or people are in a group 〔说明成群的物或人的种类〕
 a herd of elephants
一群大象
 his circle of friends
他的朋友圈子
 a bunch of bananas
一串香蕉
8  XX
9  DOused to talk about things produced by a famous or skilled writer, artist etc 〔用于谈论某位著名的或技巧高超的作家、艺术家等的作品〕
10  ABOUTused to say what a story, some news etc is about, or what a picture, map etc shows 关于…的，以…为主题的
11 
12  used after some adjectives that describe feelings, to show who or what the feeling is directed towards 〔用于某些描述情感的形容词之后，说明情感的指向〕
13  HAPPENused when referring to the day, moment etc when something happened 〔用于指某事发生的日期、时刻等〕
14  PLACEused to say where something is in relation to a place or thing 〔用于指某物与某地或某物之间的位置关系〕
15  DESCRIBEused to describe a person or thing by saying what their main qualities or features are 〔用于描写某人或某物所具有的主要品质或特征〕
16  used to say what someone’s age is 〔用于说明某人的年龄〕
17  it is kind/stupid/careless etc of somebody (to do something) CHARACTER/PERSONALITYused to say that someone’s action shows a particular quality 某人(做某事)是仁慈的/愚蠢的/粗心的等
Examples from the Corpus
it is kind/stupid/careless etc of somebody (to do something)• But, it, it is kind of funny.• So it is kind of coming home and a change of focus.• The idea of it is kind of cute: This little Frank guy is trying to find candy.
18  COME FROM/ORIGINATEused to say where someone comes from 〔用于说明某人来自哪里〕
19  used to show the country, organization, or group in which someone has a particular position 〔用于表示某一职位的人所属的国家、组织或团体〕
20  used in dates before the name of the month 〔在日期中用于月份之前〕
21  used to say when something happened 〔用于说明某事在何时发生〕
22  American EnglishAmE spoken used in giving the time, to mean ‘before’ 〔用于表示时间，意思是“之前，不到”〕 SYN British English to
23  CAUSEused to show the cause of someone’s death 〔用于表示某人死亡的原因〕
24  literaryTYPE used to say what material has been used to make something 〔用于表示某物是由何种材料制成的〕
25  of an evening/of a weekend etc  British EnglishBrE in the evenings, at weekends etc 在晚上/周末等
5 GRAMMAR 语法
To refer to someone or something that belongs to or is connected with someone, it is usual to use -’s or -s’, not of, with short noun phrases. 指某人或某物属于某人或与某人有关时，通常用-’s或-s’接短的名词短语，而不用of
Dad’s car (NOT 不说 the car of Dad)
爸爸的汽车
a child’s bike (NOT 不说 the bike of a child)
孩子的自行车
my sisters’ boyfriend (NOT 不说 the boyfriend of my sister)
我姐姐的男朋友
the miners’ strike (NOT 不说 the strike of the miners)
矿工的罢工
When referring to one of several people or things belonging to or connected with someone, or when using ‘this’ or ‘that’, use of mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs. 提到多个人或物中的一个属于某人或与某人有关时，或用到this或that时，要用of mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs
a friend of mine (NOT 不说 a friend of me)
我的一位朋友
that car of yours (NOT 不说 that car of you)
你的那辆汽车
To talk about the person who sang, wrote, or painted a particular work, use by, not of. 谈论某个作品由某人所唱、所写或所画时，用by，而不用of
a song by Mariah Carey (NOT 不说 of Mariah Carey)
玛丽亚•凯莉唱的一首歌
n GRAMMAR: Possessives
The usual way to say that something belongs to someone, or that someone is connected with someone, is by using -’s. You say:
Tom’s car
a child’s bike
孩子的自行车
my sister’s boyfriend
✗Don’t say: the car of Tom | the bike of a child | the boyfriend of my sister
You use –s’ after a plural noun ending in ‘s’:
a teachers’ meeting
You use of mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs when talking about one of several people or things belonging to or connected with someone: 提到多个人或物中的一个属于某人或与某人有关时，或用到this或that时，要用of mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs
a friend of ours
a habit of mine
You use by when saying who sang, wrote, or painted something:
a song by Jay-Z
✗Don’t say: a song of Jay-Z
Examples from the Corpus
of• a teaspoonful of baking soda• a flock of birds• a pack of cigarettes• a crown of gold and silver• Father was a man of great integrity and honesty.• a car of his own• a small town to the west of Kansas City• News of Kirkland's arrest was soon all over town.• a gallon of milk• a cousin of mine• a history of modern China• a photograph of my grandmother• I had a pain in the back of my leg• an area of outstanding beauty• all the details of the agreement• a friend of the family• Have you ever heard of the poet T.S. Eliot?• a member of the rock group• most of the students• a map of the world
at the time of• No wonder that the myth of handles being removed from coffins at the time of cremation perpetuates.• The person who had told that story to the media had been in Los Angeles at the time of her death.• But despite the vast amounts he earned in his career, Hunt was reportedly penniless at the time of his death.• Expressing yourself at the time of negative feelings means you will be less apt to hurt some one.• If an arrhythmia occurs at the time of syncope or near syncope, the diagnosis is established.• Police were interviewing another homeless man who was believed to be in the building at the time of the fire.• The offender was on licence at the time of the offence from a sentence of 15 years' imprisonment imposed in 1981.• Police asked Harry where he was at the time of the robbery.• All these items were acquired at the time of their manufacture, as it was museum policy to buy contemporary material.
to the left/right of something• Her hair was tied up in a hair net and the hat was removed and placed to the right of her chest.• In two subsequent cases, however, federal appeals courts have given greater weight to the rights of teachers.• This takes a disjointed groove system to the right of the centre of the crag.• Immediately to the right of the doorway was a chair.• We take the device to be initially somewhere off to the left of the Is.• The play within a play opens with Act I, on the smaller puppet stage to the right of the large stage.• The toilets and urinals were to the left of this section - the urinals being roofless and thus open to the elements.• A thin crescent moon will appear to the left of Venus the evening of July 6.
Origin of
Old English
of prepositionprep
→10-25
→20-25

→5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
BNC: 3 COCA: 4
BNC: 3 COCA: 4
BNC: 3 COCA: 4
of
Prepositions: aboard, against, amid...
Concerning or about something: about, regarding, concerning...
Relating to names and the process of naming: after, assignment, better known as...
General prepositions of time: at, from, into...
Relating to the work of an artist: aesthetic, cherub, commission...
Telling the time by a clock: 0900/1300 etc hours, about, advanced...

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