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IELTS BNC: 554 COCA: 710

common

Word family 
com·mon1 /ˈkɒmən $ ˈkɑː-/ ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj  
1  happening often 经常发生的COMMON happening often and to many people or in many places 常见的，普遍的 OPP rare
 Heart disease is one of the commonest causes of death.
心脏病是最常见的死因之一。
common among
 Bad dreams are fairly common among children.
小孩做噩梦是很常见的。
it’s common for somebody to do something
 It’s common for new fathers to feel jealous of the baby.
刚做爸爸的人忌妒自己的宝宝是很常见的。
Don’t say ‘It is common that ... ’ Say ‘It is common for ... ’
不要说 ‘It is common that...’. 而要说 ‘It is common for ... ’
 It is common for children to be afraid (NOT It is common that children are afraid) of the dark.
儿童怕黑是很常见的。
► see thesaurus at normal
2  a lot 大量的 existing in large numbers 大量的，常见的 OPP rare
 Daisies are very common flowers.
雏菊是很常见的花。
3  same/similar 相同的/类似的 [usually before noun, no comparative]SAME common aims, beliefs, ideas etc are shared by several people or groups 〔目的、信仰、思想等〕共同的
 people working towards a common goal
朝着共同的目标努力的人们
 countries that share a common language
说同一种语言的国家
common to
 a theme that is common to all her novels
她所有小说中的共同主题
4  common ground facts, features, or beliefs that are shared by people or things that are very different 〔有分歧的人或不同事物的实际情况、特征或信仰等的〕共同基础，共同的立场
common ground between
 There is a great deal of common ground between management and trade unions on this issue.
在这个问题上劳资双方有很多观点是一致的。
Examples from the Corpus
common ground• Democrats and Republicans did find some common ground in the debates about privacy.
5  shared by everyone 大家所共有的 [no comparative]EVERYONE belonging to or shared by everyone in a society 〔社会〕共有的，公共的
common to
 These problems are common to all societies.
这些问题是所有社会的通病。
 Joe was chosen as captain by common consent (=with everyone’s agreement).
大家一致同意选乔为队长。
6  common knowledge something everyone knows 众所周知的事，常识
 It is common knowledge that travel broadens the mind.
旅行能开阔眼界，这是众所周知的。
Examples from the Corpus
common knowledge• Laura's drinking problem was common knowledge throughout the department.
7  the common good the advantage of everyone 共同的利益
 They work together for the common good.
他们为了共同的利益一起努力。
Examples from the Corpus
the common good• Drunk-driving laws were made for the common good.• The government creates laws for the common good.
8  common practice USUALLYa usual or accepted way of doing things 惯例
 It was common practice for families to attend church together.
全家人一起去做礼拜是惯例。
Examples from the Corpus
common practice• Today it is common practice to let children choose their own topics for writing.
9  ordinary 普通的 [only before noun, no comparative]ORDINARY ordinary and not special in any way 普通的，平凡的
 common salt
食盐
 The 20th century was called the century of the common man (=ordinary people).
20世纪被称为普罗大众的世纪。
 He insists that he is a revolutionary, not a common criminal.
他坚持说自己是个革命者，而不是普通的罪犯。
10  common courtesy/decency/politeness POLITEa polite way of behaving that you expect from people 通常的礼貌[礼节]
 It would be common courtesy to return their hospitality.
回报他们的盛情是起码的礼节。
11  common or garden British EnglishBrE ordinary 普通的，一般的 SYN American English garden-variety
12  make/find common cause (with/against somebody) formal to join with other people or groups in order to achieve something 〔为达到某种目的〕联合（某人/对付某人）
13  common touch ORDINARYthe ability of someone in a position of power or authority to talk to and understand ordinary people – used to show approval 平易近人的品质〔含褒义〕
Examples from the Corpus
common touch• Wilson's critics say his handling of the deal shows he has lost his common touch.
14. social class 社会阶层 British EnglishBrE old-fashioned an offensive word used for describing someone from a low social class 粗鄙的，劣等的〔形容下层社会成员的冒犯用语〕
 THESAURUS
common if something is common, there are a lot of them 常见的，普遍的
Jones is a very common name in Great Britain.
“琼斯”在英国是一个很常见的名字。
Foxes are common in the area.
这个地区狐狸很多。
nPersonal computers are nearly as common in American homes as televisions.
widespread happening in a lot of places or done by a lot of people 分布广的；普遍的
Racism is much more widespread than people imagine.
种族歧视远比人们想象的要普遍。
nThe report claimed that the problem of police brutality was widespread.
the widespread availability of antibiotics
抗生素的普及
commonplace [not before noun] especially written common in a particular place or time – used especially when saying that this seems surprising or unusual 常见的，屡见不鲜的〔尤指看似令人奇怪或不同寻常〕
Crimes such as robbery are commonplace in big cities.
在大城市，抢劫等犯罪活动司空见惯。
Expensive foreign cars are commonplace in this Chicago suburb.
在芝加哥的这个郊区，豪华的进口车很常见。
prevalent formal common in a place or among a group of people – used especially about illnesses, problems, or ideas 〔尤指疾病、问题或观点〕盛行的，流行的
Flu is most prevalent during the winter months.
流感在冬季最为流行。
nDepression remains one of the most prevalent health disorders in the US.
nThis belief is more prevalent among men than women.
rife /raɪf/ [not before noun] very common – used about illnesses or problems 〔疾病或问题〕普遍存在的,流行的
AIDS is rife in some parts of the world.
在世界部分地区艾滋病非常流行。
ubiquitous /juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/ formal very common and seen in many different places – often used humorously in written descriptions 随处可见的〔常在书面描写中作幽默用法〕
He was carrying the ubiquitous MP3 player.
他身上带着随处可见的MP3播放器。
nIn Britain, CCTV cameras are ubiquitous.
something is everywhere especially spoken used when saying that you can see something a lot in many different places 某物到处都有
Images of the dictator were everywhere.
到处都有这个独裁者的画像。
nMicrochips seem to be everywhere these days – even in washing machines.
nOne of the first things you notice in Amsterdam are the bicycles – they’re everywhere.
Examples from the Corpus
common• The condition is most common among women aged 18 to 24.• Monkeys and apes are so similar that it is reasonable to say they have a common ancestor.• Foxes are very common around here.• My daughter says politics is boring, which is a common attitude among teenagers.• The Allies worked to defeat a common enemy.• It's very common for older children to feel jealous after the birth of a baby.• It's becoming more and more common for women to keep their family name when they marry.• Many of the more common forms of cancer can be treated successfully if detected early.• Students and faculty are working toward a common goal.• Personal computers are nearly as common in American homes as televisions.• Foxes are common in the area.• Petty theft and pickpocketing are becoming increasingly common in the city centre.• Dating agencies try to match people with similar personalities and common interests.• Luckily we all had a common language, English, which meant we could communicate with each other.• Olson is a very common last name in Minnesota.• It's a common mathematical error.• Jones is a very common name in Britain.• Malaria is particularly common near swamps where mosquitoes can breed.• A common reason for not hiring someone is their lack of writing skills.• Flatheads are a common type of fish and good to eat.
common among• Osteoporosis, a bone disease, is common among older women.
common to• These problems are common to all big cities.• The theme of the family is common to all Engle's novels.
by common consent• We have social rights and duties that are defined by common consent.
the common man• The song is a tribute to the common man.
common2 ●●○ noun  
1  have something in common (with somebody) SAMEto have the same interests, attitudes etc as someone else （与某人）有共同之处
2  have something in common (with something) SAMEif objects or ideas have something in common, they share the same features （与某事物）有相同的特点
3  in common with somebody/something SAMEin the same way as someone or something else 与某人/某物一样
4  [countableC]AREA a large area of open land in a town or village that people walk or play sport on 〔城镇或村庄里的〕公地
Origin common1
(1200-1300) Old French commun, from Latin communis
com·mon1 adjectiveadj →THESAURUS1common2 noun
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 554 COCA: 710
common

adjective¹

 1happening/found often常發生；常見VERBS | ADVERB | PREPOSITION VERBS➤be, seem普通；好像尋常▸➤become變得普通▸➤remain仍然普通ADVERB➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.極其／相當／非常普通◇These problems now seem fairly common.這些問題現在看起來很普通了。➤increasingly越來越普通PREPOSITION➤among, in在⋯當中很普遍◇Stomach pain is very common in children.肚子痛在兒童當中很常見。
common

adjective²

 2shared共享VERBS | PREPOSITION | PHRASES VERBS➤be共有PREPOSITION➤to⋯共有的◇This attitude is common to most young men in the armed services.這種態度在大多數年輕軍人中很普遍。PHRASES➤have sth in common共有⋯◇Jane and I have nothing in common.簡和我毫無共同之處。◇I have nothing in common with Jane.我和簡沒有任何共同之處。◇The two cultures have a lot in common.這兩種文化有很多相同之處。➤hold sth in common共同擁有⋯◇They hold the property as tenants in common (= they share it).他們是這一房產的共同承租人。➤in common with (especially BrE) 與⋯一樣◇India, in common with (= like) many other countries, has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.像其他許多國家一樣，印度在過去 100 年裏經歷了重大變化。
common

adjective³

 3 (BrE) showing a lack of education顯得缺少教養VERBS | ADVERB VERBS➤be, seem, sound庸俗；好像低俗；聽起來粗俗◇I wish you wouldn't use that word－it sounds so common.我希望你不要用那個詞 － 聽起來真粗俗。ADVERB➤very非常粗俗▸➤a bit, rather, slightly有點兒粗俗；有些粗俗◇I don't like Sandra. She seems a little common to me.我不喜歡桑德拉，我覺得她似乎有點兒庸俗。
IELTS BNC: 554 COCA: 710
common adj.
⇨ common (share a common interest) ⇨ general 1 (a common sight) ⇨ normal (common frogs/decency) ⇨ working class (She was very common and uneducated.)common noun
⇨ grass common

adjective

common ♦︎ public ♦︎ joint ♦︎ collective ♦︎ popular ♦︎ communal ♦︎ cooperativeThese words all describe sth that is shared by or involves a number of people. 这些词均表示共有的、共享的、公共的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆common / public / joint / collective / communal property◆common / public / communal land◆common / joint / collective / communal ownership / responsibility◆a common / joint / collective / communal / cooperative enterprise◆a joint / collective / communal / cooperative effort◆joint / collective / communal / cooperative action◆a joint / collective / communal decision◆common / collective / popular opinion■ common [usually before noun] shared by or belonging to two or more people or by the people in a group 共有的；共享的；共同的◆They share a common interest in photography.他们在摄影方面兴趣相投。◆This decision was taken for the common good (= the advantage of everyone).作出这个决定是为了共同的利益。◆It is, by common consent, Scotland's prettiest coast (= everyone agrees that it is).这是苏格兰公认的最美的海岸。◆Some basic features are common to all human languages.有些基本特征是所有人类语言共有的。■ public [only before noun] provided, especially by the government, for the use of people in general 公共的；公立的◆ (BrE) There is a desperate need to improve public transport in the city.这座城市亟须改进公共交通。◆ (NAmE) public transportation公共交通◆The information is available in any public library.该信息可以在任何公共图书馆查到。◆He was charged with destroying public property.他被指控破坏公共财产。OPP private ⇨ own ■ joint [only before noun] involving or shared by two or more people together 联合的；共同的◆They were joint owners of the house.他们共同拥有这栋房子。◆We opened a joint account when we got married.我们结婚时开了一个联合账户。◆They divorced two years ago, but he has joint custody of the children (= he shares care of the children with his ex-wife).他们两年前离婚了，但是他对孩子有共同监护权。◆They finished in joint first place.他们获得并列第一。OPP separate ⇨ particular ▸ jointly

adverb

◆The event was organized jointly by students and staff.这个活动是师生共同组织的。■ collective kəˈlektɪv [usually before noun] done or shared by all members of a group of people; involving a whole group or society; used to refer to all members of a group 集体的；共同的；全体成员的；总称的◆MPs heaved a collective sigh of relief when the news was announced last night.昨晚消息发布时，下院议员一起如释重负地松了口气。◆The austerities of wartime Europe were still fresh in the collective memory (= memories shared by the whole of society).战时欧洲的艰苦生活在公众的集体记忆中仍然鲜活。◆The collective name for mast, boom and sails on a boat is the 'rig'.船的桅杆、帆桁和帆统称为“索具”。OPP individual ⇨ particular ▸ collectively

adverb

◆We have had a successful year, both collectively and individually.我们这一年很成功，无论是对集体还是对个人而言。■ popular [only before noun](of ideas, beliefs and opinions) shared by a large number of people （观念、信仰、意见）普遍的，大众的，流行的◆By popular demand, the tour has been extended by two weeks.应大家要求，这次旅行延长了两周。◆Contrary to popular belief, women cause fewer road accidents than men.与普遍的看法相左，女性交通肇事比男性少。▸ popularly

adverb

◆a popularly held belief多数人持有的看法■ communal kəˈmjuːnl, ˈkɒmjənl; NAmE ˈkɑːmjənlshared by, or for the use of, a number of people, especially people who live together （尤指居住在一起的人）共享的，共有的，共用的◆As a student I tried communal living for a few years.当学生时我尝试过几年集体生活。◆He led me down the corridor to the communal kitchen.他带我走过通往共用厨房的过道。OPP individual ⇨ own , separate ⇨ particular ▸ communally

adverb

◆The property was owned communally.该财产属集体所有。■ cooperative (BrE also co-operative) kəʊˈɒpərətɪv; NAmE koʊˈɑːpərətɪv [usually before noun] involving people or groups doing sth together or working together towards a shared aim 合作的；协作的；同心协力的◆Cooperative activity is essential to effective community work.要把社区工作做好，协作活动是必不可少的。◆This is a cooperative venture with the University of Copenhagen.这是与哥本哈根大学的一个合作项目。
IELTS BNC: 554 COCA: 710
common
Often and many times: often, frequently, regularly...
Common and existing in large numbers: common, numerous, prevailing...
Words used to describe birds: common, fledged, flightless...
Words used to describe animals: amphibious, androgynous, anthropoid...
Shared or divided and not shared or divided: distributed, collective, common...
General words used to describe rank and status: above, above my paygrade, A-list...
Relating to the ordinary people: ordinary, popular, populist...
From a low social class: plebeian, proletarian, common...
Areas in towns or cities: agora, area, armpit...

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