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BNC: 518 COCA: 480

explain

Word family 
ex·plain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ ●●● S1 W1 verb [intransitiveI, transitiveT]  
1  EXPLAINto tell someone about something in a way that is clear or easy to understand 解释，说明
 He carefully explained the procedure.
他仔细解释了程序。
explain (to somebody) why/how/what etc
 The librarian will explain how to use the catalogue system.
图书馆管理员将说明如何使用目录系统。
 Let me explain what I mean.
我来解释一下我的意思。
explain that
 He explained that it had been a difficult film to make.
他解释说这部电影很难制作。
explain something to somebody
 I explained the situation to my bank manager.
我向我的银行经理说明了情况。
5You explain something to someone: He explained the system to me (NOT explained me the system).
向某人说明某事用 to : He explained the system to me (不说 explained me the system). 他向我介绍了这个系统。
2  REASONto give a reason for something or to be a reason for something 说明[是]…的原因
 Wait! I can explain everything.
等一下！ 我可以解释一切。
 How can you explain that sort of behaviour?
你如何解释那种行为？
explain that
 She explained that she had been ill.
她解释说她病了。
explain why/how/what etc
 I’ll explain why I don’t believe your story.
我会解释我为何不相信你说的情况。
 That still doesn’t explain how he was able to hide the body.
那还是没有说明他怎么能够藏尸的。
3  explain yourself 
a) REASONto tell someone who is angry or upset with you the reasons why you did something 解释自己的行为
 I’m going to give you five seconds to explain yourself.
我给你五秒钟时间解释自己的行为。
b) EXPLAINto say clearly what you mean 把自己的意思说清楚
 Sorry, I’m not explaining myself very well.
对不起，我没把自己的意思说得很清楚。
Examples from the Corpus
explain yourself• Censure gives Mr Wahid three months to explain himself.• I knew I could explain myself.• I regard this as part of my life, a duty to explain myself.• When, eventually, he was admitted to the presence of the Chairman he would have perhaps fifteen minutes to explain himself.• I had explained myself, as I always did, but I could scarcely explain myself away.• Yet now, commanded to appear before elected officials, he had to explain himself, give an accounting of his views.• He waited for Ballater to explain himself or to state the reason for his visit.• John doesn't make excuses or explain himself to anybody.• She tried to speak, to call for help, to explain herself, to scream, but no words would come.• No, that's not what I meant. I guess I didn't explain myself very well.
4 explain something ↔ away phrasal verbphr v REASONto make something seem less important or bad by giving reasons for it 为〔某事〕作辩解
 The difference in the treatment they receive is hard to explain away.
很难为他们受到的不同待遇辩解。
Examples from the Corpus
explain away• But the responses at the moment range from making excuses to explaining the problems away.• I had explained myself, as I always did, but I could scarcely explain myself away.• Not only do they not do this but when presented with such evidence they explain it away.• Some try to explain the miracles away and say that they did not happen.• To explain something is not to explain it away and to understand something is not to underestimate its value.• As much as he tried to explain it away, he just got in deeper.• But because of the evidence neither can we explain it away: there is the beginning of the rationality of faith.• I hung it as a joke, but I stopped trying to explain it away to guests when they commented.
n Grammar
You explain something to someone:
Alan explained the system to me.
✗Don’t say: Alan explained me the system. | Alan explained to me the system.
 THESAURUS
explain to give someone the information they need to understand something 解释，说明
She explained how to use the software.
她解释了怎么使用这个软件。
Doctors usually explain the risks of the treatment to patients.
医生一般都会向患者说明治疗有何风险。
tell to explain something. People often use tell instead of explain in everyday conversation 告诉；说明〔在日常对话中，人们常用tell，而不用explain〕
He told me how to get to his house.
他告诉我去他家怎么走。
The book tells you how to improve your health through diet.
这本书告诉你怎样通过饮食改善健康状况。
show to explain to someone how to do something by doing it while they watch you 〔通过演示〕解释，说明
Ellen showed me how to work the coffee maker.
埃伦教我怎样使用煮咖啡机。
demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ to explain to someone how to do something by doing it while they watch you, especially when it is part of your job 〔尤指出于工作职责而〕示范，演示
The cabin crew demonstrated the safety procedures to the passengers.
客舱乘务员向乘客演示了安全规程。
A qualified instructor will demonstrate how to use the equipment properly.
将有一名合格的教练示范如何正确使用这些设备。
go through something to explain something carefully, especially one step at a time 〔尤指一步步地〕详细说明某事物
Mrs. Riddell went through the homework assignment.
里德尔夫人仔细地讲解家庭作业。
set out something to explain a series of ideas, reasons or opinions in an organized way in writing or in a speech 〔有条理地以书面或口头形式〕陈述[阐明]某事物
In his speech, he intended to set out the party’s policies on education.
他的发言旨在陈述该政党的教育方针。
Examples from the Corpus
explain• But the dynamics of his thinking have never been easy to explain.• It's not so complicated - let me explain.• Let me show you - it's too difficult to explain.• She just doesn't like me. How else can you explain her behaviour?• I had nothing in my vocabulary of human behavior to explain him.• We were all puzzled: what could explain his sudden change of mind?• The doctor explained how the clinic operates.• The reason this requires explaining is that young women are different from other human beings in this respect.• If you don't get the joke, I'll explain it to you later.• I don't have time to explain now - just come with me quickly!• Sarah explained that she hadn't been feeling well recently.• We listened carefully while Pam explained the process.• Could you explain the rules of the game to me, please?• I would prefer the teacher to explain things rather than the computer.• Shakespeare took the time to explain this; director Jocelyn Moorhouse does not.• It was difficult explaining to the children why their father was leaving home.• Can you explain what the poem means?• The problem may explain why Brady has not made more of an impact since exploding on the scene three years ago.• This may, inpart, explain why current approaches seem so distant from those applied to other periods of the past.• She couldn't sleep last night, which explains why she was in such a bad mood this morning.• Doctors are unable to explain why the disease spread so quickly.• This explains why the extent of the use of crack is not necessarily indicated by the scale of seizures.
explain (to somebody) why/how/what etc• He and Darcy have had a dispute, which he explains to Elizabeth.• Oh, how could she explain?• It is not necessary to explain to me why Anthony falls under the spell of a beautiful woman.• As riders and trainers we must explain to the horse what is acceptable and what is not.• Offer them coffee or a drink, explain exactly what is included in the sale, and sell your home.• Can you explain simply what one purpose or one redeeming quality that movie embraced?• Most class analysts do not explain in detail how policy decisions are actually made.
explain that• But Giap spurned the advice, explaining that he could not desert his comrades.• Then she explained that I was there, and that I was hoping to talk to students.• Jack explained that it had been his father driving the car.• Eisenhower was asked about the case and explained that it was a matter of state concern.• Nonplussed, Loretta explained that she had driven right through the village without finding it.• Quinn explains that spending on roads and other infrastructure accounts for most of the deficit.• Jesse Young explains that... there was a good deal of a panic at the beginning of the battle.
Origin explain
(1500-1600) Latin explanare “to make level, unfold”, from planus “level, flat”
ex·plain verb →n GRAMMAR1 →THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
BNC: 518 COCA: 480
explain

verb

ADVERB | VERB + EXPLAIN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤in detail詳細解釋◇I explained the issues in great detail.我詳細解釋了這些問題。➤fully充分解釋◇The reasons for the accident have not been fully explained.事故的原因還未得到充分解釋。➤adequately, properly, really, satisfactorily, well充分地／恰當地／真實地／令人滿意地／很好地解釋▸➤partially, partly部份解釋◇This partly explains why he was so late.這部份解釋了他為什麼會這麼晚。➤exactly準確地解釋▸➤briefly簡單地解釋▸➤quickly迅速地解釋▸➤easily, readily, simply容易／輕鬆／簡單解釋◇This phenomenon can be easily explained.這種現象很容易解釋。➤clearly清楚地解釋▸➤carefully仔細地解釋▸➤calmly冷靜地解釋▸➤helpfully, patiently有幫助地／耐心地解釋◇The doctor explained patiently what the treatment would be.醫生耐心地解釋了將如何治療。➤concisely, succinctly簡潔地／簡明地解釋◇The general principles behind the method used are explained clearly and concisely.使用的方法所依據的一般原則得到了簡單明瞭的解釋。➤excitedly興奮地解釋VERB + EXPLAIN➤be able to, be unable to, can能解釋；不能解釋；可以解釋◇I know I'm late, but I can explain why.我知道遲到了，但我可以解釋原因。➤attempt to, seek to, try to試圖解釋；想要解釋◇It is a book which seeks to explain the birth of Greek tragedy.這是一本試圖解釋希臘悲劇起源的書。➤help (to)有助於解釋▸➤purport to意在解釋◇Many theories purport to explain growth in terms of a single cause.許多理論都意在以單一原因解釋生長。➤be difficult to, be hard to很難解釋◇It's difficult to explain exactly how the system works.很難確切地解釋這個系統是如何工作的。➤hasten to連忙解釋◇She saw his quick frown and hastened to explain.她看到他立即皺起眉頭，就連忙解釋起來。➤let sb讓某人解釋◇Let me explain what I mean.讓我解釋一下我的意思。PREPOSITION➤about就⋯解釋◇She tried to explain about her fears and anxieties.她試圖解釋她的擔心和焦慮。➤to向⋯解釋◇She explained the plan to me very carefully.她向我仔細解釋了這個計劃。PHRASES➤explain everything解釋一切◇I have a letter here which explains everything.我這裏有一封信可以解釋一切。➤go a long way, some way, etc. towards/toward explaining sth花大量的、一定的等功夫解釋⋯◇This goes some way towards / toward explaining the hostility between the two groups.這在一定程度上解釋了兩個團體間的對立。
BNC: 518 COCA: 480
explain verb
⇨ explain 1 (explain how sth works) ⇨ explain 2 (explain your behaviour)explain1

verb

 explain how sth works 解释⋯的工作原理explain your behaviour 说明你这样做的原因explain ♦︎ illustrate ♦︎ define ♦︎ clarify ♦︎ shed/cast/throw light on sth ♦︎ spell sth out ♦︎ interpret ♦︎ expoundThese words all mean to tell sb about sth in a way that makes them able to understand it. 这些词均表示解释、说明。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to explain / clarify / spell sth out / expound sth to sb◆to explain / spell out that...◆to explain / illustrate / clarify / shed light on / spell out how / what... / why...◆to explain / clarify / shed light on a / an situation / issue◆to explain / illustrate / clarify / expound an idea◆to explain / illustrate / clarify a point◆to explain / illustrate / define / clarify the position / role / nature / meaning of sth◆to explain / illustrate / expound a theory◆to clearly explain / illustrate / define / spell out / expound sth■ explain [transitive, intransitive] to tell sb about sth in a way that makes it easy or easier for them to understand 解释；说明；阐明◆First, let me explain the rules of the game.首先，我来说明一下游戏的规则。◆I tried to explain the problem to the technician.我试图向那个技术员解释这个问题。◆She explained to them what to do in the event of an emergency.她向他们说明了紧急情况下要怎么做。◆'It was like this,' she explained.“事情就是这样了。”她解释道。◆There's no need to explain. We understand.没有必要解释，我们明白。ⓘ You cannot say 'explain me/him/her, etc.'. * explain后不能直接跟人称代词，要用explain sth to sb◆Can you explain the situation to me?能给我说明一下情况吗？◆Can you explain me the situation?   see also explanatory ⇨ descriptive ▸ explanation [countable] ◆For a full explanation of how the machine works, turn to page 5.关于机器工作原理的详细说明，请见第5页。■ illustrate [transitive] to make the meaning of sth clearer by using examples, pictures, diagrams, etc. （用事例、图片、图表等）说明，解释◆To illustrate my point, let me tell you a little story.为了说明我的观点，我来给你们讲个小故事。◆Last year's sales figures are illustrated in Figure 2.图2显示了去年的销售数字。  see also illustrate ⇨ show 1 , illustration ⇨ diagram , illustration ⇨ example 1 , illustrative ⇨ descriptive ■ define [transitive] to say or explain what the meaning of a word or phrase is 解释（词语）含义；给（词语）下定义◆The term 'mental illness' is difficult to define.“精神病”这个词很难下定义。◆Life imprisonment is defined as 60 years under state law.按照州法律终身监禁定义为60年。  see also definition ⇨ definition ■ clarify ˈklærəfaɪ [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth clearer or easier for sb to understand 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清◆Let me clarify my position on this matter.我来澄清一下我在这件事情上的立场。◆There are one or two issues that need to be clarified.有一两个问题需要再说明一下。◆I hope I managed to clarify things a little.希望我已经把事情解释得清楚些了。▸ clarification

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆I am seeking clarification of the regulations.我正努力弄清这些规则。■ shed ˈlight on sth■ throw ˈlight on sth■ cast ˈlight on sth

idiom

(shedding, shed, shed; cast, cast; threw, thrown)to make sth easier to understand by explaining parts of it （部分地）解释清楚，阐明◆Recent research has thrown some new light on the causes of the disease.最新的研究进一步解释了这种病的病因。◆The report casts no light on (= does not explain) why some children are still failing to achieve at school.这个报告没有解释为什么一些儿童仍然不能在学业上取得进步。ⓘ A person, sth they say or write, or a new discovery can shed/cast/throw light on sth. * shed/cast/throw light on sth的主语可以是人、言论或文章，或是新的研究发现。■ ˌspell sth ˈout

phrasal verb

to explain sth in a very clear, simple way （用浅显的方式）解释明白，讲清楚◆You know what I mean－ I'm sure I don't need to spell it out.你明白我的意思－肯定不需要解释了。■ interpret [transitive] to explain the meaning of sth such as a text or work of art, especially when it is possible to understand or explain it in several different ways 诠释，解读（文本、艺术品等，尤指诠释方式不只一种）◆The students were asked to interpret the poem.学生被要求诠释那首诗。  see also interpretation ⇨ definition , interpretative ⇨ descriptive ■ expound [transitive, intransitive] (formal) to explain sth by talking about it in detail 详解；详述；阐述◆She expounded her theory further in the course of her talk.她在发言中进一步详述了她的理论。◆He was there to expound on the government's latest policy initiative.他去那儿的目的是阐述政府政策的最新方案。explain2

verb

 explain how sth works 解释⋯的工作原理explain your behaviour 说明你这样做的原因explain ♦︎ justify ♦︎ account for sth ♦︎ defend ♦︎ stand up for sb/sth ♦︎ stick up for sb/sthThese words all mean to support sb/sth that is being criticized or attacked or to give an explanation for sth. 这些词均表示辩解、解释。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to explain / justify / account for / defend sth to sb◆to explain / justify / account for what / why / how...◆to explain / justify / defend / stand up for / stick up for yourself◆to explain / justify / account for / defend a decision◆to explain / justify / account for / defend your / sb's behaviour◆to defend / stand up for / stick up for sb's rights■ explain [intransitive, transitive] to give a reason for sth; to be a reason for sth 说明原因；解释⋯的理由◆She tried to explain but he wouldn't listen.她试图说明原因，可他根本不听。◆Ed explained that his car had broken down.埃德解释说他的车抛锚了。◆The government now has to explain its decision to the public.政府现在必须向公众解释为什么决定这样做。◆Well, that doesn't explain why you didn't call me.嗳，那可不是你不给我打电话的理由。◆ (spoken) Oh well then, that explains it (= I understand now why sth happened).噢，原来这么回事。   see also explanation ⇨ reason ■ justify [transitive] to show that sb/sth is right or reasonable; to give an explanation or excuse for sth or for doing sth, especially sth that other people think is wrong or unreasonable 证明⋯正确（或正当、有理）；对⋯作出解释；为⋯辩解◆How can they justify paying such huge salaries?他们怎么证明支付如此高昂的薪金是正当的呢？◆Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her.她的成功证明了老师对她的期许是正确的。◆You don't need to justify yourself to me.你不必向我解释你的理由。  see also justification ⇨ reason , unjustified ⇨ unjustified ■ acˈcount for sth

phrasal verb

 (rather formal) to be the explanation or cause of sth; to give an explanation of sth 是⋯的说明（或原因）；解释；说明◆The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd.天气不好可能是人少的原因。◆How do you account for the show's success?你认为这次演出为何成功？■ defend [transitive] to say or write sth in support of sb/sth that has been criticized, or to give an explanation for sth 辩解；辩白；解释◆Politicians are skilled at defending themselves against their critics.从政者都善于为自己辩解，反驳别人的批评。◆How can you defend such behaviour?你怎么为这种行为辩解呢？  see also defence ⇨ security ■ ˌstand ˈup for sb/sth

phrasal verb

(stood, stood) [no passive] to strongly support or defend sb/sth that has been criticized 支持；维护；捍卫◆Always stand up for your friends.任何时候都要支持自己的朋友。◆You must stand up for your rights.你必须维护自己的权利。◆She had learnt to stand up for herself.她学会了自我保护。■ ˌstick ˈup for sb/sth

phrasal verb

 [no passive] (rather informal) to support or defend sb/sth that has been criticized 支持；维护；捍卫◆Stick up for what you believe.要捍卫自己的信念。◆She taught her children to stick up for themselves at school.她教育子女在学校要勇于自卫。ⓘ Stick up for sb/sth is used especially to talk about sb defending another person or themselves when no one else will. * stick up for sb/sth尤指在没有外援的情况下保护自己或他人。
BNC: 518 COCA: 480

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