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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 310 COCA: 359

reason

Word family 
rea·son1 /ˈriːzən/ ●●● S1 W1 noun  
1  cause 原因 [countableC]REASON why something happens, or why someone does something 原因，理由
reason for
 People give different reasons for wanting to change jobs.
人们想换工作的理由各不相同。
reason why
 We’d like to know the reason why she didn’t accept the job.
我们想知道她不接受这份工作的原因。
reason (that)
 The reason I called was to ask about the plans for Saturday.
我打电话是想问问星期六的计划。
reason behind
 He explained the reasons behind the decision.
他解释了这一决定背后的理由。
for reasons of something
 The bridge is closed for reasons of safety.
大桥出于安全原因被封闭了。
reason to do something
 This work gives me a reason to live.
这份工作给了我生活的理由。
there is no reason to do something 没有理由惊慌。
 There is no reason whatsoever to doubt her story.
根本没有理由怀疑她的说法。
by reason of something formal (=because of something) 因为某事
 a person disqualified by reason of age
因年龄原因而被取消资格的一个人
2  good or fair 好的或合理的 [uncountableU]RIGHT/JUSTIFIED a fact that makes it right or fair for someone to do something 〔正确或合理的〕理由
(no) reason to do something
 There is no reason to panic.
没有理由惊慌。
 She has reason to feel guilty.
她有理由感到内疚。
 We have reason to believe that the goods were stolen.
我们有理由相信货物是被偷的。
 I know I’m late, but that’s no reason to shout at me.
我知道我迟到了，但也没理由对我大喊大叫。
 Under the circumstances, we had every reason (=had very good reasons) to be suspicious.
在这种情况下，我们完全有理由表示怀疑。
with (good) reason (=based on something sensible) 有（充分的）理由
 Natalie was alarmed by the news, and with reason.
纳塔莉听到消息很惊慌，这是合乎情理的。
3  all the more reason why/to do something spokenREASON used to say that what has just been mentioned is an additional reason for doing what you have suggested 更有理由做某事
 But surely that’s all the more reason to act quickly.
不过，那当然就更有理由立即采取行动了。
Examples from the Corpus
all the more reason why/to do something• But that's all the more reason why we should go off this time with a car well filled, eh?• If some material is lost already, that is all the more reason to stop a lapse becoming a loophole.• That means there is all the more reason to oppose the willed destruction of old things.• That possibility is all the more reason to end the conflict soon.• This is all the more reason to find a more democratic way of deciding the state for the first primary.
4  good judgment 良好的判断力 [uncountableU]SENSIBLE sensible judgment and understanding 道理，情理 SYN sense
 There’s reason in what he says.
他说的话有道理。
 They’re not prepared to listen to reason (=be persuaded by someone’s sensible advice).
他们不想听你讲道理。
 There’s no way of making my grandfather see reason (=accept advice and make a sensible decision).
我爷爷是没有办法说通的。
5  within reason SENSIBLEwithin sensible limits 合情合理
 You can go anywhere you want, within reason.
你可以想去哪里就去哪里，不过要有分寸。
Examples from the Corpus
within reason• Within reason, the city does what it can to prevent traffic accidents.• Do what you can, within reason, to prevent accidents.• The management often let their regulars stay on credit, within reason.• So it follows that the more startling or bizarre your murder is, within reason, the better.• Clearly a public service campaign must, within reason, aim for virtually complete coverage.• By all means go and practise within reason.• Children should, within reason, be able to experiment with many different activities.• Where you take them should, within reason, be left entirely to them.• In fact, it's quite useful to expose him to people from outside the Unit, within reason.• It is well within reason to expect help in this regard in exchange for further financial assistance.• They are also willing, within reason, to pay towards this schooling.
6  go/be beyond (all) reason WRONG/UNJUSTIFIEDto be more than is acceptable or reasonable 不合理
Examples from the Corpus
go/be beyond (all) reason• Their demands go beyond all reason.• But by this time Maidstone was beyond all reason.• He is beyond reason, Diniz.• It was beyond all reason that Hal, who had performed flawlessly for so long, should suddenly turn assassin.• Their condition is beyond reason, but it is certainly not, as they believe, beyond cure.
7  ability to think 思考能力 [uncountableU]INTELLIGENT the ability to think, understand, and form judgments that are based on facts 思考能力；判断力，理智
8  no reason spokenNONE/NOTHING used when someone asks you why you are doing something and you do not want to tell them 不为什么〔用于不想解释自己做某事的原因〕
Examples from the Corpus
no reason• I wake up during the night for no reason. 7.• There is no reason to be fatalistic.• There is no reason why a policeman should not be regarded as the victim of this conduct.• ``Why do you want to go that way?'' ``Oh, no reason.''• There's no reason why it shouldn't have worked.• There s no reason whatsoever we shouldn't be thinking in terms of the championship anyway.• I see no reason why they should not be.• But there was no reason why she shouldn't enjoy a bit of company for the rest of the journey.• There was no reason for this other than a certain unwillingness to emerge from our bond trading shell.
→ no rhyme or reason at rhyme1(4), → it stands to reason at stand1(32)
n GRAMMAR: Comparison
reason
You say the reason for something:
What do you think was the reason for their success?
✗Don’t say: the reason of their success
You say the reason why something happens:
Can you tell me the reason why you did this?
cause
You say the cause of something:
There will be a police investigation into the cause of the fire.
✗Don’t say: the cause for the fire
You say there is cause for concern/alarm/complaint/worry etc:
The doctor said there was no cause for concern.
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
have a reason 有理由
We had many reasons to celebrate.
我们有很多理由庆祝。
give a reason 说明原因
No reason was given for the change.
没有就这一变化说明原因。
think of a reason/see a reason 想出/知道原因
I see no reason why it shouldn’t work.
我不明白这为什么行不通。
nI can’t think of any reason why she would want to leave.
explain the reasons for something 解释做某事的原因
Explain the reasons for your choice.
请解释一下你那样选的理由。
adjectives
a good reason 充分理由
There is usually a good reason why the price is so cheap.
售价这么低一般都有充分的理由。
the main reason 主要理由
The main reason for the decline in the railways is lack of investment.
铁路衰微的主要原因是缺少投资。
a major reason (also a big reason informal) 重要原因
His personality was a major reason for his success.
他的个性是他成功的重要原因。
nA big reason for the decrease in smoking is the ban on cigarette advertising.
the real reason 真正原因
What do you think was the real reason for their decision?
你认为他们这一决定的真正原因是什么？
a valid/legitimate reason (=a good and acceptable reason) 合理/正当理由
An employer can’t fire someone without a valid reason.
雇主无正当理由不得开除员工。
a compelling reason (=a very good reason for doing something) 令人信服的理由
nThere are compelling reasons to believe that this is true.
a simple reason (=one that is easy to understand) 简单的理由
nI hate mobile phones, for the simple reason that it is now impossible to get away from them.
a logical reason 合乎情理的理由
nPeople don’t always have logical reasons for the things they do.
the only reason 唯一的理由
nThe only reason he’s coming tonight is that I said you’d be here.
phrases
for legal/political/medical etc reasons 出于法律上/政治上/医学上等的原因
The boy cannot be named for legal reasons.
由于法律上的原因，不能提及那个男孩的姓名。
for security reasons 出于安全原因
The road will be closed for security reasons.
这条路由于安全原因将被封闭。
for personal reasons 出于个人原因
He resigned for personal reasons.
他辞职是出于个人原因。
for sentimental reasons (=because you like someone or something very much) 出于感情上的原因
nI wanted to keep the picture for sentimental reasons.
for obvious reasons 出于明显的原因
nThis arrangement must be kept secret, for obvious reasons.
for no apparent reason (=for no obvious reason) 无明显的原因
nHe tried to kill me for no apparent reason.
for some reason (or other) (also for some unknown reason) (=for a reason that you do not know) 出于某种原因
nFor some reason she felt like crying.
nFor some unknown reason, the curtains were always drawn.
for reasons best known to somebody (=used when you do not understand someone’s behaviour) 原因只有某人知道
nFor reasons best known to herself, she decided to sell the house.
have your reasons (=have a secret reason for doing something) 自有原因
n‘Why did he marry her?’ ‘He must have had his reasons.’
 THESAURUS
reason why something happens, or why someone does something 原因，理由
What was the reason for the delay?
延误原因是什么？
I don’t know the reason why he left his last job.
我不知道他辞去上一份工作的原因。
ncause the reason why something happens, especially something bad
What was the cause of his death?
We studied the causes of the First World War.
explanation a set of reasons that helps you to understand why something happens, especially when it seems difficult to understand 〔尤对难以理解的事情的〕解释
There are various possible explanations for climate change.
对于气候变化有许多可能的解释。
Is there any explanation for his behavior?
他的行为有何解释？
motive a reason that makes someone decide to do something – often used about crimes 〔常指犯罪的〕动机
Police say that there is no obvious motive for the attack.
警方称，此次袭击没有明显动机。
justification a good reason for doing something that seems wrong 〔做似乎错误的事情的〕正当理由
There is never any justification for torture or abuse.
折磨和虐待绝无任何正当理由。
They try to use the situation in the Middle East as a justification for killing innocent civilians.
他们试图把中东局势当作杀害无辜平民的理由。
nThere’s no justification for this type of behaviour.
grounds a reason that makes it right or fair to do something, especially according to legal, official, or moral rules 〔尤指依照法律、规章或道德准则的〕充分理由，根据
The court will decide if she has grounds for divorce.
法庭将对她是否有理由离婚作出裁决。
They claim the war is justified on moral grounds (=because of moral reasons).
他们声称这场战争合乎道义。
basis the main ideas or reasons on which something is based 基础；根据
The doctor makes his decisions purely on the basis of clinical observation.
这位医生完全凭临床观察来作决定。
What do you think is the basis for this advice?
你认为这一建议的依据是什么？
rationale /ˌræʃəˈnɑːl $ -ˈnæl/ formal a set of reasons that are used to explain why someone does something in a particular way 〔用于解释某个行为的〕理由
the rationale behind the government’s economic reforms
政府经济改革背后的理由
nThis chapter explains the nature of yearly plans, and provides a rationale for their use.
a reason that does not seem believable 不可信的理由
excuse a reason that you give to explain why you have done something bad, or not done something that you should have done – especially one that is not completely true 〔尤指不完全真实的〕托词，借口
She said she couldn’t come because she had to work late, but it was just an excuse.
她说她来不了，因为她得工作到很晚，但这只是个借口。
a feeble excuse (=one that is hard to believe)
无力的借口
pretext especially written an untrue reason that you give for doing or not doing something, in order to hide the real reason 〔意在掩盖真实原因的〕借口
He would often find some pretext to go out in the evening alone.
他常常会找个借口，晚上一个人出去。
They used this as a pretext for taking military action.
他们利用此事作为采取军事行动的借口。
Examples from the Corpus
reason• There's always a reason to have a good laugh.• Political negotiation always involves a balance between reason and force.• As a result of these findings Glaxo stopped clinical trials comparing ranitidine with omeprazole for ethical reasons.• We have every reason to believe he is guilty.• For reasons best known to themselves, my parents were vehemently opposed to the idea.• The school is proud of its record, and with good reason.• One of the main reasons that she looks so good is that she has her own personal stylist.• The main reason she quit is that she was not being paid enough.• There is no reason at all, however, why such states should endure for ever.• There's no reason to doubt what she says.• There's no reason why Jon can't come with us.• I can think of lots of reasons to get married.• This may be one reason for the diversity in the experiences of drinkers.• One reason that computer books have improved and increased is that ownership and awareness of computers has grown.• "Why are you helping her?" "She asked me to. That's the only reason."• The real reason we weren't getting along wasn't so simple.• For security reasons, there were video cameras at the school entrance.• He couldn't provide the money, but for some reason they accepted his guarantee.• No, he isn't here - he had to go back to Poland for some reason.• The changes are about how to discipline and the reasons for requiring obedience to certain rules.• Can anyone explain the reason for the delay?• Dad went off to find out the reason for the delay.• The reason why the economy is growing more slowly is a lack of workers.• The reason why we need these laws is to protect children from violent adults.• There were two reasons behind the company's failure.• In times of war, reason can give way to racism.• This unlikely concoction was one of the more important pharmacological advances in the history of medicine, albeit for the wrong reasons.• What was your reason for leaving your last job?
(no) reason to do something• I had every reason to look forward to the August Bank Holiday weekend of 1988.• She had good reason to look very pleased with herself.• A team of master map-makers had reason to call at the Land Registery centre in Birkenhead but they couldn't find it.• There is no reason to be superstitious.• Because there's no damage to property here, there's no reason to act under the Road Traffic Act.• Hopefully I also keep progressing, or really there's no reason to keep going.• There was no reason to believe she would remember me when we happened to wind up on the same flight to Dallas.• The reason to oppose it is that it skews economic behavior.
listen to reason• The child is usually too emotionally overwrought to listen to reason.
power of reason• The Rationalist views the mind as a finely tempered, neutral instrument and never doubts the authority and power of reason.• What sets mankind apart from the rest of creation is intelligence and the power of reason.• It means that I have no real belief in the power of reason, and sympathy and humanity.• He was sometimes irritated by what he saw as Blanche's deductive ramblings, her obsession with the power of reason.
reason2 ●○○ verb  
1  [transitiveT]JUDGE to form a particular judgment about a situation after carefully considering the facts 论证，推断，推论
2  [intransitiveI]THINK ABOUT to think and make judgments 思考；判断
3.reason something ↔ out phrasal verbphr v THINK ABOUTto find an explanation or solution to a problem, by thinking of all the possibilities 〔通过推理〕解释；解决 SYN work out
Examples from the Corpus
reason out• All the way down to the rec room, she reasoned it out.• The fact substantiates what reason points out.• A. Then there's all the more reason to make out a covenant. let's say you pay tax at 40%.• Serious depression was the main reason I sought out a psychiatrist.• He has a second reason, spelled out in one of several stagy subplots.• For these reasons, and for the reasons set out in the judgment of Balcombe L.J., I would allow this appeal.• The reason he slipped out was to phone and make a few arrangements for them.• For the cat to reason this out would require considerable mental agility, but there is of course a simpler explanation.
4 reason with somebody phrasal verbphr v PERSUADEto talk to someone in an attempt to persuade them to be more sensible 与〔某人〕讲道理
Examples from the Corpus
reason• A third element came on the scene: all believers who are capable of reasoning.• As children develop affectively, parallel changes can be observed in their moral reasoning.• These factors influence not only cognitive reasoning but also affective reasoning.• If we can do it, they can do it, the reasoning goes.• They, too, reasoned that Death, having gorged itself on their neighbours, would have long since moved on.• Admittedly they were only nineteen, but surely, he reasoned, there must be more to married life than this?
reason (that)• Williams flew from Austin back to California on Friday for personal reasons.• If this has not been the case, it will be up to the individuals to explain the reasons behind this.• Unfortunately, there are many people who think of ideas but, for various reasons, don't voice them.• Agatha, give my Jenny back her house For some reason everyone now looked at the Trunchbull.• An unspoken reason for her attempted escape had also been the growing certainty that this attraction was coming to a head.• No doubt that was one reason for the deep-rooted Labour hostility to devolution, and there were other reasons.• Clinton cited those proposals as a reason for vetoing the Republicans' 1995 balanced-budget plan.• They reasoned that forcing schools to compete for kids would force them to improve their classes.• The reason that the administration is unwilling to act is because Turkey is an ally.• As I have had reason to observe before, the malai medics weren't such bad guys.
Origin reason1
(1200-1300) Old French raison, from Latin ratio; → RATIO
rea·son1 noun →n GRAMMAR1 →COLLOCATIONS1
→THESAURUS1reason2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 310 COCA: 359
reason

noun¹

 1cause/motive/justification; explanation of sth理由；動機；解釋ADJECTIVE | VERB + REASON | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤cogent, good, sound, strong有說服力的理由；合理的原因；強有力的動機▸➤compelling, convincing令人信服的理由▸➤plausible看似有理的解釋▸➤adequate, sufficient充足的理由▸➤bona fide, legitimate, valid真實的／合理的／正當的理由▸➤wrong不道德的原因◇He married her for all the wrong reasons.他出於不道德的動機娶了她。➤opposite相反的原因◇Tom's problem was that he lacked confidence; Ed failed for precisely the opposite reason.湯姆的問題是缺乏信心，而埃德的失敗恰恰是因為他太過自信。➤important重要的原因▸➤special特別原因▸➤big, chief, key, main, major, primary, principal主要原因；主要動機；首要原因◇There's one big reason why this won't work: cost.此事行不通的一個主要原因是：成本問題。➤only, simple, sole唯一的原因；簡單的解釋◇The only reason I didn't become a professional golfer was because of my family commitments.我沒有成為職業高爾夫球手的唯一原因就是我要照顧家庭。◇I was never good at school for the simple reason that I never studied.我學習一直不好的原因很簡單，就是我從來不學習。➤several, various幾個／多種原因◇I can think of several reasons why this might happen.我能想出幾個原因來解釋為什麼這件事可能會發生。➤common共同的原因◇Isolation and loneliness are common reasons for depression.孤獨與寂寞是抑鬱的常見原因。➤real, underlying真正／根本原因◇She did not tell him the real reason for her change of heart.她沒有告訴他她變心的真正原因。◇The underlying reasons for these differences will be explored in depth in the next chapter.這些差異的根本原因會在下一章節中詳述。➤possible可能的理由➤cited, ostensible, stated列舉的／表面上的／陳述清楚的理由◇The company's stated reason for firing him was misconduct.關於為什麼開除他，公司給出的理由是玩忽職守。➤exact, very就是這個原因◇You're asking me to help, and that's the exact reason I came.你要我幫忙，這就是我來的原因。➤apparent, particular明顯的原因；特定的理由◇He was attacked for no apparent reason.他被襲擊的原因不明。➤no earthly, no possible毫無緣由；沒有可能的理由◇Surely there is no earthly reason why you wouldn't want to come with us?你肯定沒什麼理由拒絕和我們同行吧？➤clear, obvious清楚的原因；明顯的動機◇The reasons for her decision soon became clear.她作此決定的動機很快就清楚了。➤unclear不清楚的理由▸➤logical, rational合乎邏輯的理由；合理的動機▸➤understandable可理解的動機▸➤justifiable正當的動機➤unspecified未指明的原因▸➤unconnected不相關的原因◇dismissal for reasons unconnected with misconduct與行為不當無關的解雇➤personal個人原因▸➤sentimental感情的原因▸➤selfish自私的動機▸➤professional專業的原因▸➤commercial, economic, financial, legal, political, social, technical商業／經濟／財政／法律／政治／社會／技術原因▸➤practical, pragmatic實際的理由▸➤security安全原因▸➤health健康原因▸➤altruistic, humanitarian利他主義的／人道主義的動機VERB + REASON➤be aware of, see知道／明白原因◇He saw many reasons to be hopeful.他有諸多理由充滿希望。➤have有理由◇I don't know why he did that, but I'm sure he had his reasons.我不知道他為什麼那麼做，但我相信他一定有他的理由。◇I have no reason to believe that she was lying to me.我沒有理由相信她在向我撒謊。➤cite, give (sb/sth), outline, provide, set out, state列舉理由；給（⋯）理由；陳述理由◇Give me one good reason why I should help you.給我一個必須幫你的正當理由。◇In the letter she carefully set out her reasons for leaving.她在信中謹慎地說明了她離開的原因。➤list列出理由◇This article lists the most common reasons why people pay too much tax.這篇文章列出了人們交稅過多最常見的原因。➤offer, suggest給出理由；暗示原因▸➤articulate, explain講清／解釋原因▸➤cite sth as, give sth as, offer sth as把⋯當作理由➤discuss, explore討論／探索動機▸➤understand理解動機➤guess猜測原因▸➤discover, find, find out, uncover找出原因；揭示原因➤pinpoint明確指出原因◇It's difficult to pinpoint the reasons for her success.很難準確地指出她成功的原因。PREPOSITION➤by reason of (formal) 由於◇persons in need of care by reason of (= because of) old age由於年老而需要照顧的人◇He was found not guilty by reason of insanity. (law法律) 他因精神失常而被判無罪。➤for a/the reason出於⋯原因◇procedures carried out for reasons of national security出於國家安全的原因而採取的步驟➤for reason of (formal) 因為◇For reasons of security, you are requested to keep your baggage with you at all times.為了安全起見，請隨身攜帶行李。➤with reason, without reason有理由；無理由◇They complained about the food, and with good reason (= rightly).他們抱怨飯食不好，也確實如此。➤reason against反對的理由◇There are obvious reasons against such a move.反對這一行動的理由顯而易見。➤reason behind背後的原因◇We are trying to uncover the reasons behind her decision.我們正試圖揭開她這個決定的背後動機。➤reason for造成⋯的原因◇They didn't give any reason for the delay.他們沒有解釋延誤的原因。PHRASES➤all the more reason更有理由◇If he's unwell, that's all the more reason to go and see him.如果他身體不好，我們就更應該去看他。➤all sorts of reasons各種各樣的原因◇People buy things for all sorts of reasons.人們購物的動機多種多樣。➤every reason, little reason, some reason充足的／沒什麼／某個理由◇I know you're angry with me, and you have every reason (= very good reasons) to be.我知道你生我的氣，這是合情合理的。◇You have little reason to be pleased with yourself.你沒有什麼理由自鳴得意。➤no reason, not any reason沒有任何理由◇He got angry for no reason.他平白無故地發怒。◇You don't have any reason to complain.你沒有任何理由抱怨。➤for reasons best known to yourself出於唯有自己知道的原因◇For reasons best known to herself she has turned down the offer.她拒絕了提議，沒有人知道原因。➤for some inexplicable reason, for some odd reason, for some strange reason, for some unfathomable reason由於某種無法解釋的原因；出於某種奇怪的原因；出於某種難以理解的原因◇For some odd reason, he found it really funny.由於某種奇怪的原因，他覺得這件事很滑稽。➤for unexplained reasons, for unknown reasons由於莫名其妙的／由於未知的原因◇For unknown reasons, the ship sank in the middle of the ocean.不知什麼原因，這艘船在海中央沉沒了。➤for whatever reason不管出於什麼原因◇people who, for whatever reason, are unable to support themselves那些由於種種原因而不能自食其力的人➤a number of reasons, a variety of reasons若干／各種原因➤rhyme or reason道理◇There's no rhyme or reason (= logic) to the new opening hours.新的營業時間毫無道理。➤not see any reason, see no reason看不出任何理由◇We see no reason why this band shouldn't be a huge success.我們看不出這個樂隊有任何理由不會大獲成功。◇I don't see any reason why you can't come with us.我看不出你有什麼理由不跟我們來。➤there is ample reason, there are ample reasons有充分的理由◇There is ample reason to be optimistic about the economy.完全有理由對經濟持樂觀的態度。
reason

noun²

 2power to think logically; what is possible/right理性；道理ADJECTIVE | VERB + REASON | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤human人的理智VERB + REASON➤lose失去理智◇He seems to have lost all sense and reason.他似乎完全失去了理智。➤be open to, listen to, see明白事理；接受勸告◇I tried to persuade her, but she just wouldn't listen to reason.我試圖說服她，但她就是聽不進去。➤defy違背理智◇Sometimes he does things that defy reason.他有時會做些不理智的事。PREPOSITION➤beyond reason全然無理◇He was beyond all reason.他毫不講理。➤within reason合情合理◇I'll lend you the money you need－within reason, of course!你需要的錢我會借給你 － 當然，數額得合理！PHRASES➤an appeal to reason訴諸理智◇The residents hope that an appeal to reason (= asking the rioters to be reasonable) will end the rioting.居民們希望可以說服鬧事者恢復理智，結束騷亂。➤faculty of reason, sense of reason推理能力；理性◇We possess the human faculty of reason.我們具有作為人類的推理能力。➤it stands to reason合情理◇It stands to reason (= it is logical) that she wouldn't want them to find out about her personal problems.她不想讓他們知道她的個人問題，這是自然的。➤the voice of reason理智的聲音◇She was always the voice of reason, persuading him not to buy things they couldn't afford.她總是非常理智，不讓他買他們買不起的東西。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 310 COCA: 359
reason noun
⇨ reason (the reason why…) ⇨ logic (listen to/see reason)reason verb
⇨ conclude reason

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for argument 2 另见argument条第2义reason ♦︎ explanation ♦︎ grounds ♦︎ basis ♦︎ excuse ♦︎ motive ♦︎ need ♦︎ justification ♦︎ cause ♦︎ pretextThese are all words for why sth has happened or sb has done sth. 这些词均表示原因、理由、理据。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a reason / an explanation / grounds / a basis / an excuse / a motive / a need / justification / cause / a pretext for sth◆the reason / motive behind sth◆on the grounds / basis / pretext of / that...◆the reason / grounds / basis / excuse / justification / pretext that...◆(an) obvious reason / explanation / grounds / excuse / motive / need / justification / cause / pretext◆(a) clear / legitimate reason / grounds / excuse / motive / need / justification / cause / pretext◆(a) logical / personal / no apparent reason / explanation / grounds / excuse / motive / need / justification / cause◆(a) good / valid reason / explanation / grounds / excuse / motive / justification / cause◆(a) convincing reason / explanation / grounds / excuse / motive / justification / pretext◆(a) reasonable explanation / grounds / excuse / motive / need / justification / cause / pretext◆the real reason / explanation / grounds / motive / justification / cause◆to have a reason / an explanation / grounds / an excuse / a motive / a justification / cause / a pretext◆to give / offer (sb) a reason / an explanation / an excuse / a justification / a pretext◆to suggest a reason / an explanation / grounds / a motive / a justification◆to see / understand / explain (the / sb's) reasons / grounds / motive / justification■ reason [countable, uncountable] why sth has happened or sb has done sth; a fact that makes it right or fair to do sth （某事发生或做某事的）原因；正当理由；情理◆I'd like to know the reason why you're so late.我想知道你为什么迟到那么长时间。◆He said no but he didn't give a reason.他说不行，但没有说明原因。◆We aren't going for the simple reason that we can't afford it.我们不去，只是因为我们负担不起。◆For some reason (= one that I don't know or don't understand) we all have to come in early tomorrow.由于某种原因，我们大家明天都得一早就来。◆For reasons of security the door is always kept locked.为安全起见，门总是锁着的。◆They have reason to believe that he is lying.他们有理由认为他在撒谎。◆She complained, with reason (= rightly), that she had been underpaid.她抱怨给她的报酬太低，这是有道理的。  see also reason ⇨ conclude verb , reasoned ⇨ rational ■ explanation [countable, uncountable] a statement, fact or situation that tells you why sth has happened; a reason given for sth 解释；说明；阐述◆The most likely explanation is that his plane was delayed.最可能的解释是他的飞机晚点了。◆I can't think of any possible explanation for his absence.我想不出他缺席的任何理由。◆The book opens with an explanation of why some drugs are banned.本书开篇阐述了禁用某些药物的原因。◆She left the room abruptly without explanation.她未作解释就突然离开了房间。  see also explain ⇨ explain 2 ■ grounds [plural] (rather formal) a good or true reason for saying, doing or believing sth （说话、做事或相信某事的）充分的理由，根据◆You have no grounds for complaint.你没有理由抱怨。◆He retired from the job on health grounds.他因健康原因离职。◆Employers cannot discriminate on grounds of age.雇主不得有年龄歧视。■ basis [singular] (rather formal) the reason why people take a particular action 原因；缘由◆She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications and ideas.她因资质和理念适合而获选担任这一职位。◆On what basis will this decision be made?作出这个决定的缘由会是什么？ⓘ Basis is usually used in the phrases on the basis of/that... or On what basis...? * basis通常用于短语on the basis of/that ...或On what basis ...?。■ excuse ɪkˈskjuːs [countable] a reason, either true or invented, that you give to explain or defend your behaviour; a good reason that you give for doing sth that you want to do for other reasons 借口；（真实或编造的）原因；（正当的）理由◆Late again! What's your excuse this time?又迟到了！你这次有什么借口？◆There's no excuse for such behaviour.这种行为说不过去。◆You don't have to make excuses for her (= try to think of reasons for her behaviour).你不必为她开脱了。◆It gave me an excuse to take the car.这使我有理由开车去。  see also excuse ⇨ forgive verb ■ motive ˈməʊtɪv; NAmE ˈmoʊtɪv [countable] a reason that explains sb's behaviour 动机；（解释某人行为的）原因◆There seemed to be no motive for the murder.这起谋杀案看似没有动机。◆I'm suspicious of his motives.我怀疑他的动机。◆I have an ulterior motive in offering to help you.我主动提出要帮助你是有私心的。   see also motivation ⇨ incentive ■ need [singular, uncountable] (usually used in negative statements 通常用于否定陈述) a good reason to do sth 需要；必须◆There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起。◆I had no need to open the letter－I knew what it would say.我没必要拆开那封信－我知道里面会说些什么。ⓘ In this meaning, need is almost always used in the phrases There is/was no need (for sb) to do sth. and have no need to do sth. 表达此义时，need几乎总是用于短语There is/was no need (for sb) to do sth和have no need to do sth。■ justification ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃn [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) a good reason why sth exists or is done （某事物存在或做某事的）正当理由◆I can see no possible justification for any further tax increases.我看不出还有何理由再加税。◆The government is struggling to find a justification for this war.政府在为这场战争竭力寻找理由。  see also justify ⇨ explain 2 NOTE 辨析 Grounds or justification? Justification is used to talk about finding or understanding reasons for actions, or trying to explain why it is a good idea to do sth. It is often used with words like little, no, some, every, without, and not any. Grounds is used more for talking about reasons that already exist, or that have already been decided, for example by law. * justification用于表示想知道或想明白为什么会这么做，或力图说明为什么应这么做，常与little、no、some、every、without和not any等词连用。grounds多指现成的理由，或已确定的根据，如法律上的◆moral / economic / constitutional / environmental / ethical / medical / legal grounds道德／经济／宪法／环境／伦理／医学／法律依据 ■ cause [uncountable] (rather formal) a reason for having particular feelings or behaving in a particular way （有某种感受或做某种行为的）理由，动机，缘故◆There is no cause for alarm / concern.没有理由惊慌／担忧。◆If your child is absent without good cause (= without a good reason), you may receive a warning from the school board.如果你的孩子无故缺席，你将收到校董事会的警告。■ pretext ˈpriːtekst [countable, usually singular] (rather formal) a false reason that you give for doing sth, usually sth bad, in order to hide the real reason （为了掩盖真实原因的）借口，托词◆The incident was used as a pretext for intervention in the area.这次事件成了干涉该地区的借口。◆He left the party early on the pretext of having work to do.他借口有事要处理，早早离开了聚会。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 310 COCA: 359
reason
Reasons and excuses: reason, excuse, point...
Sensible and reasonable: practical, sensible, rational...
Intelligence, intuition and ability to understand: intelligence, intuition, intellect...
To think carefully or a lot about things: consider, plan, think out...

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