2[uncountableU]SCT information that is given in a court of law in order to prove that someone is guilty or not guilty 〔法庭上证明某人有罪或无罪的〕证据,证词
Murrow’s evidence was enough to convict Hayes of murder.
默罗的证词足以证明海斯犯了谋杀罪。
He refused to give evidence at the trial.
他拒绝出庭作证。
evidence against
There was very little evidence against the two men.
几乎没有证据可以证明这两名男子有罪。
in evidence
The documents may be used in evidence at the trial.
这些文件可以在庭审时用作证据。
3be in evidenceformalSHOW/BE A SIGN OF to be present and easily seen or noticed 显眼,显而易见
The police are always in evidence at football matches.
警察在足球比赛中总是很显眼。
Examples from the Corpus
be in evidence• These had been present since early in her life and were in evidence during the play I observed with her parents.• No reliefattemptwas in evidence.• Although no birdsare in evidence, it is assumed that this Labour is indicated.• Unfortunately, only the cheerleaderswere in evidence last night.• A full centralisation of structure and a more flowing and energeticstyle - often with greater pictorialcontent - is in evidence.• His playfulness is in evidence this day, too.• The police were very much in evidence at the protest.• The soldiers are now housed in five-man rooms; duvets, music systems and the occasionaltelevisionare in evidence.• Not many of them were in evidenceyesterday, when the first propersnap of autumn was in the air.
Evidence is an uncountable noun and has no plural form. Use a singular verb after it.evidence是不可数名词,没有复数形式,其后要用单数动词
Vital evidence was destroyed.
关键证据被毁。
nGRAMMAR: Countable or uncountable?
Evidence is an uncountable noun and is not used in the plural. You say:
The judge listened to all the evidence.
✗Don’t say: The judge listened to all the evidences.
Evidence is always followed by a singular verb:
The evidence is very clear.
When talking about one fact or sign, you say a piece of evidence:
The police found a vital piece of evidence.
COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2
verbs
have evidence 有证据
Do the police have any evidence against him?
警方有什么对他不利的证据吗?
find evidence (also obtain evidence formal) 找到证据
The authorities failed to obtain enough evidence to convict him.
当局未能获取足够证据给他定罪。
gather/collect evidence 收集证据
Police experts are still collecting evidence at the scene of the crime.
警方专家仍在犯罪现场收集证据。
look for/search for evidence 寻找/搜寻证据
The investigation will look for evidence of financial mismanagement.
这次调查将寻找财务管理不善的证据。
hide evidence 隐藏证据
The killer may have tried to burn the bodies in an attempt to hide the evidence.
凶手可能为了掩盖证据而试图焚烧尸体。
plant evidence (=deliberately put evidence somewhere to make someone look guilty) 栽赃
He claims the evidence was planted there by the police.
他声称是警方栽赃。
produce evidence (=find evidence and prepare it for a court case) 提供证据
The case was adjourned to allow the police time to produce further evidence.
案件暂缓审理,给警方时间以提供进一步证据。
give evidence (=tell a court about what you have seen or know to be true)(出庭)作证
Ms White has agreed to give evidence at their trial.
怀特夫人已同意在他们庭审时出庭作证。
consider/examine/study the evidence 审查/研究证据
Having considered all the evidence, the court found him not guilty.
法庭研究了所有证据后判他无罪。
adjectives
good/clear/strong evidence 充分的/明显的/有力的证据
There is clear evidence that smoking causes heart disease.
有明显证据表明吸烟导致心脏病。
hard evidence (=very clear evidence which proves that something is true) 确凿的证据,铁证
They have no hard evidence to support their claim.
他们没有确凿证据证明自己的说法。
fresh evidence (=new evidence) 新的证据
The police say they may have found fresh evidence which proves Tilly was at the scene of the crime.
警方称他们可能已经找到新的证据,证明蒂莉当时在案发现场。
medical/scientific evidence 医学/科学证据
There isn’t any medical evidence to support the claim.
没有医学证据支持这种说法。
reliable/credible (=which people can trust or believe) 可靠的/可信的
Do you think their evidence is reliable?
你认为他们的证词可信吗?
flimsy (=not good enough to make you believe something) 不可信的
Their conclusions are drawn from some very flimsy evidence.
他们是根据一些很不可信的证据得出结论的。
convincing/compelling (=making you feel sure that something is true) 令人信服的
The data provides compelling evidence that the climate is changing.
这些数据令人信服地证明了气候在变化。
overwhelming (=when there is so much evidence that you are sure that something is true) 难以辩驳的
The evidence against him was overwhelming.
指控他的证据无可辩驳。
conclusive/incontrovertible/irrefutable evidence (=very strong evidence which cannot be disproved) 不容置疑的/无可辩驳的证据
nWe need irrefutable evidence before making an arrest.
nThe government claims it has conclusive evidence of the country’s nuclear weapons programme.
conflicting evidence (=pieces of evidence that support different conclusions) 互相矛盾的证据
nWith so much conflicting evidence, it’s almost impossible to make a decision.
nincriminating evidence (=making someone seem guilty of a crime)
The robbers were careful not to leave any incriminating evidence behind.
ndamning evidence (=proving that someone has done something wrong)
Her testimony proved to be the most damning evidence against him.
circumstantial evidence (=evidence which makes something seem likely, but does not prove it) 间接证据
nHis barrister claims the case against him is based on circumstantial evidence.
anecdotal evidence (=based on what people believe, rather than on facts) 传闻证据
nAnecdotal evidence suggests that gang-related violence is on the increase.
empirical evidence (=based on scientific testing or practical experience) 实验
nWhere is the empirical evidence to back up these claims?
nadmissible evidence (=acceptable in a court of law)
Her lawyer advised that the tape would not be admissible evidence in court.
phrases
a piece of evidence 一项证据
The study produced one interesting piece of evidence.
此研究提供了一项有趣的证据。
not a scrap/shred of evidence (=no evidence at all) 没有丝毫证据
There is not one scrap of evidence against our client.
没有丝毫证据能证明我们的委托人有罪。
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘true evidence’. Say reliable evidence.
Examples from the Corpus
evidence• evidence of life on other planets• Without any evidence we cannot prove that she was involved in murder.• The police did not have enough evidence to charge anybody with the murder.• Prosecutors believe they have enough evidence to convictSmith.• Finalevidence that rhynchosaurs were herbivorous is that they occurred in large numbers; in general we expect the herbivores to outnumbercarnivores.• One need not go to Budhist sociology to find evidence of selfbenefits.• People have been looking for evidence of life on other planets for years.• His formergirlfriend was called to give evidence.• Husbands and wives cannot be forced to give evidence against each other.• And there appears to be little evidence that that will occur soon.• The defensepresented some new evidence from the victim's next-door neighbor.• We can find no evidence that he ever worked for the company.• The most important piece of evidence, the murder weapon, has not been found.• There is not a shred of evidence to support such a theory.• The government's case was based on evidencegathered over a two-year investigation.• There is no scientificevidence to support this theory.• There is some evidence that a small amount of alcohol is good for you.• There is strong evidence to suggest that the Great BarrierReef will have disappeared in 20 years time.• After examining such evidence, the Oregon court agreed with the teacher that the contract was not divisible into two parts.• In this case we must reconstitute ourselves into a court of appeal and go through all the evidence afresh.• He must drawdeductions about what he thinks took place from the evidence that is presented to him.• The evidence proves clearly and beyond a reasonabledoubt that the defendant is guilty.• I have suggested elsewhere that their presentation of their evidence benefits from closer examination.• There was no visibleevidence that humans had ever lived in this valley.
ADJECTIVE | ... OF EVIDENCE | VERB + EVIDENCE | EVIDENCE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASESADJECTIVE➤abundant, ample, considerable, extensive, plentiful, significant, substantial, sufficient, widespread充足的證據;大量的證據;重要的證據;廣泛的證據◇There is ample evidence that the world is getting hotter.有大量的證據表明全球正在變暖。➤growing, increasing, mounting不斷增加的證據▸➤clear, compelling, conclusive, convincing, decisive, definitive, good, hard, incontrovertible, irrefutable, overwhelming, persuasive, positive, powerful, solid, striking, strong, unambiguous, unequivocal清楚的證據;有說服力的證據;確鑿的證據;關鍵的證據;毋庸置疑的證據;無法推翻的證據;令人信服的證據;可靠的證據;引人關注的證據▸➤adequate足夠的證據▸➤flimsy, inadequate, insufficient, limited, little, scant站不住腳的證據;不充分的證據;有限的證據;少量的證據▸➤concrete, direct, firm, first-hand, objective, physical, tangible具體/直接/確鑿/第一手/客觀/實物/有形證據◇The figures provide concrete evidence of the bank's claim.這些數據可作為銀行方面所給說法的確鑿證據。➤credible可靠的證據◇We found no credible evidence to support this allegation.我們找不到任何可信的證據支持這一指控。➤indirect間接證據▸➤available, current, present現有的證據;當前證據◇Available evidence points to pilot error as the cause of the crash.現有證據表明駕駛員失誤是這次墜機的原因。➤additional, fresh, further, more, new補充的/新發現的/進一步的/更多的/新增的證據▸➤crucial, important, valuable, vital關鍵的/重要的/有價值的/至關重要的證據◇They accused the prosecution of withholding crucial evidence.他們指責控方隱瞞了關鍵的證據。➤prima facie (law法律) 初步證據◇I'll accept this as prima facie evidence that there might be a problem.我認為這可以作為證明可能存在問題的初步證據。➤corroborating, corroborative, supporting補強證據;支持性證據◇They convicted the wrong man on the basis of a signed confession with no corroborative evidence.憑一張有簽名的認罪書而沒有確鑿的證據,他們就錯判那人有罪。➤conflicting相矛盾的證據◇Another team of scientists has come up with conflicting evidence.另一組科學家提出了相矛盾的證據。➤damning, incriminating足以定罪的證據◇The scandal is damning evidence of the government's contempt for democracy.這宗醜聞是政府蔑視民主的鐵證。➤anecdotal, circumstantial, material傳聞的/間接/實質性證據◇There is plenty of anecdotal evidence to suggest that crime is beginning to rise.大量傳聞證據暗示犯罪率開始上升。◇There was a mass of circumstantial evidence linking Watson to the murder.有許多間接證據表明沃森和這起謀殺案有牽連。➤documentary, observational, photographic, statistical, textual, video, visible, visual書面/觀察到的/影像/統計/文本/視頻/可見/視覺證據◇The court was shown photographic evidence.有人向法庭出示了影像證據。➤archaeological, empirical, factual, formal, historical考古學/實驗/事實/正式/歷史證據➤clinical, DNA, experimental, forensic, medical, scientific臨牀 /DNA/ 實驗/法醫/醫學/科學證據▸➤false假證據◇She admitted giving false evidence to the court.她承認向法庭提交了偽證。... OF EVIDENCE➤piece一項證據➤scrap零星證據◇She mulled over these scraps of evidence.她仔細琢磨着這些零零星星的證據。➤body, mass一批證據;一些證據◇A body of evidence emerged suggesting that smoking tobacco caused serious diseases.一大堆證據表明吸煙會引起嚴重疾病。VERB + EVIDENCE➤have有證據◇We do not have the evidence to prove these claims.我們沒有證據支持這些說法。➤look for, search for尋找證據▸➤accumulate, collect, come across, come up with, discover, find, gather, obtain, produce, uncover收集證據;發現證據;出示證據;獲得證據◇Scientists have found fresh evidence to suggest that a huge explosion led to the extinction.科學家發現的新證據表明一次大爆炸導致了它們的滅絕。➤offer (sb), provide (sb with), show (sb)( 給某人 ) 提供證據; ( 向某人 ) 出示證據◇The tapes provided evidence of her intentions.這些磁帶提供了證明她動機的證據。➤give, present (sb with), reveal作證; ( 向某人 ) 出示證據◇She was hoping she would not have to give evidence in court.她但願自己不必出庭作證。➤see看出證據◇He says he's been working hard, but I haven't seen any evidence of it.他說他一直努力工作,但我可沒看出來。➤consider, examine, study審查證據;研究證據➤evaluate, weigh鑒定/權衡證據◇They will weigh this evidence and come to a rational conclusion.他們會斟酌這項證據,然後得出合理的結論。➤review重新審查證據▸➤cite (sth as)引用 ( ⋯作為 ) 證據◇The team cited evidence from a recent earthquake to back up their idea.該小組引用從最近一次地震中所得的證據來支持他們的觀點。◇The rise in crime is often cited as evidence of a general breakdown of authority.犯罪率的上升通常被用作政府權威喪失的證據。➤submit, use sth in呈遞證據;在證據中使用⋯◇The police officer took a statement which was later used in evidence.警察記下了那個後來被用作證據的陳述。➤hear聽證詞◇We must wait to hear his evidence before we make any judgement.我們必須等到聽了他的證詞再作判決。➤admit, allow接受/認可證據◇The judge can decide whether to admit or exclude evidence.法官有權決定是否採納證據。➤exclude排除證據➤destroy銷毀證據◇Prosecutors say they destroyed evidence related to the case.公訴人說他們銷毀了與本案有關的證據。EVIDENCE + VERB➤exist證據存在▸➤come to light, emerge證據出現▸➤accumulate, grow, mount證據積累;證據增加◇Evidence is accumulating that a defective gene may be responsible for this disease.越來越多的證據表明該疾病可能是由一種有缺陷的基因引起的。➤confirm sth, demonstrate sth, establish sth, indicate sth, point to sth, prove sth, reveal sth, show sth, suggest sth, support sth證據證實⋯/顯示⋯/確立⋯/指出⋯/指向⋯/證明⋯/揭示⋯/表明⋯/暗示⋯/支持⋯◇The evidence pointed to the existence of an international smuggling network.證據表明有一個國際走私網存在。➤be based on sth, be derived from sth, come from sth證據基於⋯/來源於⋯/來自⋯◇evidence of growing poverty based on extensive surveys在廣泛調查基礎上得出的有關貧困情況日益加劇的證據➤contradict sth證據與⋯相矛盾◇No new evidence has contradicted this research.未發現任何與該研究相矛盾的新證據。➤implicate sb/sth, link sb/sth證據證明⋯有牽連◇evidence linking her to the crime將她與該罪案聯繫起來的證據PREPOSITION➤as evidence作為證據◇He cited Australia's success as evidence for his theory.他引用澳大利亞的成功來證明他的理論。➤in evidence用作證據◇A photo of the victim's injuries was produced in evidence.一張受害者受傷情況的照片被拿出來作證。➤on... evidence憑⋯證據◇On present evidence the team will be lucky to make the final.現有的跡象表明這支隊伍將有幸晉級決賽。➤on the evidence of憑⋯跡象來看◇On the evidence of his latest exhibition, Miller is an artist who is past his best.從米勒最近的展覽看來,這位藝術家已過了鼎盛時期。➤evidence about, evidence concerning, evidence regarding, evidence relating to關於⋯的證據◇The team have been collecting evidence about war crimes.這個小組正在搜集有關戰爭罪行的證據。➤evidence against對⋯不利的證據◇The woman went to court to give evidence against her attacker.這名婦人上庭作出對她的攻擊者不利的證詞。➤evidence for支持⋯的證據◇What evidence do you have for that claim?你提出這個說法有什麼證據嗎 ?➤evidence from來自⋯的證據◇evidence from historical documents來自於歷史文獻的證據➤evidence of⋯的證據◇Scientists are looking for evidence of life on other planets.科學家們正在尋找其他行星上的生命跡象。➤evidence on關於⋯的證據◇The first chapter reviews the evidence on how children learn language.第一章綜述有關兒童怎樣學習語言的證據。PHRASES➤to be in evidence明顯◇a trend that has been much in evidence in recent years近年來一種很明顯的趨勢➤in the face of evidence, in the teeth of evidence面對證據◇The company denies, in the face of overwhelming evidence, that smoking causes cancer.即使在大量證據面前,公司依然否認吸煙會引發癌症。➤in the light of evidence考慮到證據◇In the light of new evidence, a new enquiry into the crash is likely to take place.鑒於新的證據,對這起交通事故很可能進行新一輪調查。➤lack of evidence缺乏證據◇The kidnapping charge was dropped because of lack of evidence.綁架指控因缺乏證據而撤銷了。➤not a scrap of evidence, not a shred of evidence沒有絲毫證據◇He made the accusations without a shred of evidence to back them up.他提出的指控毫無證據。
evidence ♦︎ proof ♦︎ support ♦︎ testimony ♦︎ demonstrationThese are all words for the facts, signs or objects that make you believe that sth is true.这些词均表示证据、证明。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆evidence / support for sth◆evidence / proof / testimony / a demonstration that...◆(a) clear / convincing evidence / proof / support / testimony / demonstration◆(a) conclusive evidence / proof / support / demonstration◆(an) ample / adequate evidence / proof / testimony / demonstration◆sufficient / good / direct evidence / proof / testimony◆to provide / give evidence / proof / support / testimony / a demonstration◆to find evidence / proof / support■evidence [uncountable] the facts, signs or objects that make you believe that sth is true; the information that is used in court to try to prove sth根据;证明;(法庭上的)证据◆Have you any evidence to support this allegation?你有没有证据证明这个指控?◆There is not a shred of evidence that the meeting actually took place.没有丝毫证据表明确实有过这次会面。◆A body of evidence emerged suggesting that smoking tobacco caused serious diseases.有大量证据表明吸烟引发严重疾病。◆On the evidence of their recent games, it is unlikely the Spanish team will win the cup.从西班牙队最近的比赛情况看,他们不太可能赢得杯赛冠军。◆I was asked to give evidence(= to say what I knew, describe what I had seen, etc.) at the trial.我被要求出庭作证。◆The jury heard evidence from 38 witnesses.陪审团听取了38名目击证人的证词。 see also evidence ⇨ confirmverb1■proof [uncountable, countable] facts or documents that show that sth is true证据;证明◆There is no proof that the knife belonged to her.没有证据证明那把刀是她的。◆Can you provide any proof of identity?你能提供身份证明吗?◆Keep the receipt as proof of purchase.保存收据,作为购物凭证。◆These results are a further proof of his outstanding ability.这些成果进一步证实了他的杰出才干。 see also prove ⇨ show1NOTE辨析 Evidence or proof?Evidence is what makes you believe that sth is true; proof shows that sth is true in a way that no one can argue against. * evidence指能使人确信某事属实的证据,proof指不容争辩的确凿证据。■support [uncountable] evidence that helps to show that a theory or idea is true or correct(理论或想法的)证据,依据◆The statistics offer further support for our theory.这些统计数据为我们的理论提供了进一步的依据。 see also support ⇨ confirmverb1■testimonyˈtestɪməni; NAmEˈtestɪmoʊni [uncountable, singular] (formal) a thing that shows that sth else exists or is true证据;证明◆The pyramids are an eloquent testimony to the ancient Egyptians' engineering skills.金字塔是古埃及人非凡工程技术的明证。◆This increase in imports bears testimony to the successes of industry.进口的增长证明了产业的成功。■demonstration [countable, uncountable] an act of giving proof or evidence of sth证明;证实;论证◆This is a clear demonstration of how something that seems simple can turn out to be very complicated.这清楚地表明了看似简单的事情实际上可能非常复杂。 see also demonstrate ⇨ show1