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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3931 COCA: 3471

harsh

Word family 
harsh /hɑːʃ $ hɑːrʃ/ ●●○ adjectiveadj
1  conditions 環境STRICT harsh conditions are difficult to live in and very uncomfortable 惡劣的，艱苦的，嚴峻的 SYN severe
The hostages are being held in harsh conditions.
人質被拘押在惡劣環境中。
harsh winter/weather/climate
the harsh Canadian winters
加拿大的嚴冬
a young girl suddenly exposed to the harsh realities of life
驟然暴露於殘酷現實生活中的小女孩
2  treatment/criticism 對待/批評STRICT severe, cruel, or unkind 嚴厲的；殘酷的；苛刻的
harsh criticism/treatment/punishment etc
His theory met with harsh criticism from colleagues.
他的理論遭到了同事們的嚴厲批評。
the harsh measures taken against the protesters
針對抗議者采取的嚴厲措施
‘She’s an idiot!’ ‘Aren’t you being a bit harsh?’
“她是個白癡！”“你是不是有點太苛刻了？”
a harsh authoritarian regime
殘酷的獨裁政權
He had harsh words (=severe criticism) for the Government.
他嚴詞批評政府
► see thesaurus at strict
3  sound 聲音BRIGHT unpleasantly loud and rough 刺耳的；粗野的 OPP soft
harsh voice/laugh/tone etc
His voice was harsh and menacing.
他的聲音刺耳且令人恐懼。
4  light/colour 光線/顔色 unpleasantly bright 刺眼的；耀眼的 OPP soft
She stood outside, blinking in the harsh sunlight.
她站在外面，在耀眼的陽光下眨動着雙眼。
► see thesaurus at bright
5  lines/shapes etc 線條/形狀等UNPLEASANT ugly and unpleasant to look at 難看的，醜陋的
the harsh outline of the factories against the sky
在天空映襯下醜陋的工廠輪廓線
6  cleaning substance 清潔用品SPOIL too strong and likely to damage the thing you are cleaning 刺激性強的；太強力的
My skin is quite sensitive and I find some soaps too harsh.
我的皮膚很敏感，我覺得有些肥皂刺激性太強。
—harshly adverbadv
‘Shut up, ’ Boris said harshly.
“閉嘴。”鮑裏斯厲聲說道。
—harshness noun [uncountableU]
Examples from the Corpus
harsh• The stage lighting is harsh.• They suspended him? That seems pretty harsh.• Her reaction to the child's bad behaviour was unnecessarily harsh.• It revived concern over the harsh army round-ups in captured towns and villages.• Since the building of that dam his terrain had been harsh, brutal and bad.• the harsh Canadian winters• The movie has received harsh criticism from the press.• "You'll do what I tell you, " he said, his voice harsh in her ear.• The lighting in these offices is so harsh, it gives me a headache.• In the harsh light of the street lamps Michelle looked tired and old.• The refugees stumbled toward military buses, blinking at the harsh lights.• The government has brought in harsh measures to combat the rioting taking place in many cities.• Cheap loudspeakers often produce a harsh metallic tone.• a harsh military regime• Wondering this, I knew it would be harsh of me to blame him.• War toys make children less sensitive to the harsh realities of war.• Faces were stripped of pretence by the pitiless bombardment of harsh reality.• It may seem harsh to punish him, but he has to learn that this kind of behaviour is unacceptable.• Flight from reality, especially harsh, unpleasant reality.• These myths serve as justification for the harsh views toward this segment of the population and consequently their punitive treatment.• a harsh voice• The wind made a harsh wailing sound in the trees.
harsh realities• Being shackled to one epoch meant it had to change and adapt but try to reconcile this with harsh realities.• This attractive theory was too often proved untenable by the harsh realities.• One of the harsh realities about the electronic media is that it chews up its stars as fast as it creates them.• The cold, harsh realities of life are for other people to worry about.• Like a bucket of cold water the harsh realities of life drown your sunny optimism leaving you feeling despondent.• Acknowledging the sometimes harsh realities of our own history should not be cause for self-flagellation and blame.• the harsh realities of prison• They continue to perpetrate the discredited myth of economic invincibility rather than reflect the harsh realities of recession and reunification.• Unlike Soviet history-painting, however, the harsh realities of the bad old days were never alluded to.
harsh words• Because, of course, she couldn't argue with the sense that lay behind his harsh words.• These harsh words and also sticks and stones.• It may mean heated arguments, harsh words and hurt feelings, but once the air is cleared everyone will feel better.• She had only a few harsh words, mostly for Hollywood and its denizens.• I should put aside the harsh words that had been said, I should try to make the best of everything.• Nguyen followed my gesture and immediately rattled off some harsh words that sent the boys back to work.• Their brisk assimilation, and their steady success, caused some harsh words to be spoken.• He has harsh words to say about eclecticism.
harsh voice/laugh/tone etc• What if the fortune-teller was destroying her hope and joy with that strange, harsh voice.• An owner's anger at some feline misdeed usually involves harsh tones and fixed staring.• Concealed amongst the coats, Frankie listened to the grunts of the animals and the low harsh voices of the men.• As he did so, he heard Angel One's harsh voice shout something unintelligible.• In soft passages the effect can be quite beautiful, but with loud and harsh tones the dissonances can be very forceful.
Origin harsh
(1300-1400) Probably from a Scandinavian language
harsh adjectiveadj
Corpus

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