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IELTS BNC: 357 COCA: 362

research

Word family 
Related topics: Education
re·search1 /rɪˈsɜːtʃ, ˈriːsɜːtʃ $ -ɜːr-/ ●●● S2 W1 AWL noun [uncountableU] (also researches [plural] formal)  
1  SESTUDYserious study of a subject, in order to discover new facts or test new ideas 研究；探索
research into/on
 research into the causes of cancer
癌症病因的研究
 Gould was helped in his researches by local naturalists.
古尔德在研究过程中得到了当地博物学家的帮助。
2  STUDYthe activity of finding information about something that you are interested in or need to know about 研究；调查
 It’s a good idea to do some research before you buy a house.
买房子之前作些了解，这想法很对。
→ investigation → market research
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
do/carry out research (also conduct research formal) 进行研究
The research was carried out by a team of scientists at Edinburgh University.
进行此项研究的是爱丁堡大学的一个科学家团队。
nLittle research has been conducted into the subject.
undertake research formal (=start or do research) 着手研究
They are planning to undertake research into the genetic causes of the disease.
他们正计划开展这种疾病的遗传病因研究。
adjectives
scientific research 科学研究
Our conclusions are based on scientific research.
我们的结论建立在科学研究的基础之上。
medical research 医学研究
The charity raises money for medical research.
这家慈善机构为医学研究筹集资金。
historical research 历史研究
This is a fascinating piece of historical research.
这是一项极有趣味的历史研究。
basic research (=the most important or most necessary area of research) 基础研究
He wants to conduct basic research into the nature of human cells.
他希望进行人类细胞特性的基础研究。
extensive research (=research that examines a lot of information and details) 广泛的研究
nExtensive research has proved the theory wrong.
painstaking research (=very careful and thorough research) 刻苦的研究
nShe spent years carrying out painstaking historical research.
pioneering research (=research that produces completely new information) 开创性研究
nWatson did pioneering research on the long-term effects of dieting.
research + NOUN
a research project/programme 研究计划/项目
The research project will be funded by the Medical Research Council.
此项研究计划将由医学研究委员会资助。
research findings (=what is discovered by a piece of research) 研究发现
He will present his research findings at the conference.
他将在大会上展示自己的研究发现。
research work 研究工作
nDoctor Fox received world-wide acclaim for her research work on breast cancer.
a research team 研究小组
nThe professor will head a research team working on the effects of climatic change on agriculture.
a research student 研究生
nHe supervised many research students.
a research grant (=money for doing research) 研究经费
nHave you applied for a research grant?
phrases
an area/field of research 研究领域
This is a very exciting area of research.
这是个令人激动的研究领域。
a piece of research 一项研究
nA recent piece of research shows why marriages break up.
na body of research (=results from several pieces of research)
There is a large body of research which indicates that passive smoking causes cancer.
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘make research’. Say do research or carry out research.
不要说 ‘make research’。 而要说 do research 或 carry out research。
n THESAURUS
research noun [uncountableU] careful detailed work that is done in order to find out more about a subject, especially as a part of a scientific or academic project
Billions of dollars have been spent on research into the causes and treatment of cancer.
The University has for a long time been a leading centre for research in this field.
work noun [uncountableU] the studies that have been done on a particular subject
Faraday is famous for his work on electricity.
A lot of work has been done on hydrogen-powered cars.
Their work had an enormous influence on the study of genetics.
study noun [countableC] a piece of work in which someone examines a particular subject in order to find out more about it, and writes about what they have found
The study showed that 25 percent of adults do not eat breakfast at all, compared with 14 percent in 1961.
Recent studies suggest that our sense of smell is closely linked with the part of the brain that deals with memory.
experiment noun [countableC] a scientific test in order to find out what happens when you do something
They carried out a series of experiments (=they did a series of experiments) in order to try to prove their theory.
Experiments have shown that there is an increased risk of some forms of cancer.
Examples from the Corpus
research• Current research, however, indicates that the cleavage cut through class lines.• She's doing research into the connection between crime and poverty.• Analytical work carried out as part of environmental research often falls into this category.• It defines producer services, and by reviewing existing research produces a better understanding of their role and growth.• Many science courses involve elements of library research as well as its laboratory equivalent.• Shaw hires mostly female salespeople because market research suggests that carpet shoppers are primarily women who prefer to buy from other women.• He hopes that his book will inspire more research on alcoholism.• More research is needed into the ways in which this virus is spread.• Much research is carried out using secondary or library data.• Many of the questions can be answered without carrying out any new research.• There are also posts in various environment-oriented research institutes and other organisations for which a knowledge of meteorology is advantageous.• The book draws on Gardner's own research.• Recent research has shown that human language is much older than we previously thought.• There is no scientific research to back up the company's claims.
research into/on• research into the causes of cancer• More effective drugs had their origin in the basic research on chemical transmission of nerve impulses described in chapter 4.• Much of the current research on biological neural networks involves the study of invertebrate animals, such as sea slugs or starfish.• He did research on legal matters for Carmine and knew a great deal about his holdings and operations.• Some suggest segregating girls from boys in math and science courses, relying on dubious research on child development.• Decades of research on a major scale points the finger at cholesterol as one of the key risk factors for heart disease.• There has been very little previous research on autobiographical memory.• However, there is a dearth of systematic research into the changes effected.• Kirby looked at existing programs and concluded that research into their effectiveness is incomplete and unclear.
do ... research• By these we do not just mean that lots of people do research and take time over it.• I always got my work done, and I have been able to do some research on the side.• She decided to do some research herself and then approach her boss directly to discuss the merits of additional outsourcing moves.• How to do research based on their theories has proved difficult for the phenomenologists.• Sending students to the library to do research reports on two possible careers simply is not adequate.• He had to buy a lot of different numbers of magazines to do his research.• I wanted to do my own research.
Related topics: Education
re·search2 /rɪˈsɜːtʃ $ -ɜːr-/ ●●○ AWL verb [intransitiveI, transitiveT]  
1  SESTUDYto study a subject in detail, especially in order to discover new facts or test new ideas 研究；探索 → investigate
 He’s been researching material for a documentary.
他一直在研究材料，准备做一个纪录片。
research into
 Ten years ago I began researching into the role of women in trade unions.
十年前我开始研究妇女在工会里的地位。
 Register
In everyday English, people often use the expression do research rather than the verb to research: 在日常英语中，人们常用do research，而不用动词research
She’s been doing some research into the history of the area.
她一直在研究该地区的历史。
2  STUDYto get all the necessary facts and information for something （为…）进行研究，搜集资料
 This book has been very well researched.
该书是在搜集了大量资料的基础上写成的。
Examples from the Corpus
research• Joslin's legal documents were praised for being well researched.• He researched alone at night, and by day discussed his findings with no one.• That was 10 years ago and since then I've researched and developed that simple dieting principle.• Vargas began researching his family's history 12 years ago.• Doctors researching into the causes of the disease believe they may have found a cure.• At one time we had about eighty people here who did nothing but research into various family genealogies.• Scientific Officer required to assist with a project researching intracellular events in scrapie-infected cells.• He spent four years researching material for the play.• The couple still maintain close links with local schools, where they spend hours researching, sketching and absorbing jokes.• They want to research the features and the prices and they want to get the information from some one they can trust.• It is important to research the market fully before offering a new product for sale.
From Longman Business Dictionary
researchre·search /rɪˈsɜːtʃ, ˈriːsɜːtʃ-ɜːr-/ noun [uncountableU]
1study of a subject to find out new things about it or to test new ideas, products etc
A leading pharmaceutical company will finance the research.
What sets us apart from the rest of the industry is that we do research on our products to prove our claims.
—research verb [intransitiveI, transitiveT]
We need to research the market.
→ attitude research → audience research → customer research → field research → investment research → market research → motivational research → operations research → qualitative research → quantitative research
2research centre/institute etc an organization or department where new ideas and products are developed, tested etc
a research centre to test US-made Honda parts
These studies were conducted in more than 160 independent universities and research institutions in 23 countries.
Origin research1
(1500-1600) Old French recerche, from recerchier “to find out about something thoroughly”, from cerchier; → SEARCH2
re·search1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1 →n THESAURUS1re·search2 verb →REGISTER1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 357 COCA: 362
research

noun

ADJECTIVE | ... OF RESEARCH | VERB + RESEARCH | RESEARCH + VERB | RESEARCH + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤careful, detailed, in-depth, meticulous, painstaking, rigorous, thorough細緻的研究；深入的研究▸➤considerable, exhaustive, extensive大量的／徹底的／廣泛的研究◇He has carried out extensive research into renewable energy sources.他就可再生能源進行了廣泛的研究。➤basic基礎研究➤applied應用研究▸➤original原創性研究➤latest, new, recent最新的研究；新的研究；新近的研究➤current, present當前的研究➤existing現有研究▸➤further進一步的研究➤ongoing正在進行的研究➤future今後的研究➤earlier, past, previous, prior早先的／過去的／先前的／以前的研究▸➤cutting-edge, groundbreaking, innovative, pioneering最尖端／開拓性／創新性／先驅性研究◇pioneering research into skin disease對皮膚病的開拓性研究➤collaborative合作研究▸➤empirical, experimental實證／實驗研究➤laboratory實驗室研究➤Internet, online因特網／在線研究➤academic, scholarly (especially NAmE) 學術研究➤graduate, undergraduate, university研究生／本科生／大學進行的研究▸➤clinical, educational, historical, medical, military, scientific, social, space臨牀／教育／歷史／醫學／軍事／科學／社會／空間研究▸➤AIDS, cancer, etc.艾滋病、癌症等研究▸➤animal動物實驗◇Extremists called for a ban on animal research.極端主義者要求禁止動物實驗。➤market市場調查➤field田野調查◇For his PhD he conducted field research in Indonesia.他為了攻讀博士學位去印度尼西亞做田野調查。... OF RESEARCH➤piece一項研究◇a startling piece of historical research一項驚人的歷史研究VERB + RESEARCH➤carry out, conduct, do, perform, pursue, undertake開展研究；從事研究；進行研究◇She's doing research on Czech music.她正在研究捷克音樂。➤produce, provide引發／提供研究➤present, publish展示／公佈研究▸➤be based on基於研究◇One paper based on research conducted at Oxford suggested that the drug may cause brain damage.一篇以牛津大學的研究為依據的論文指出，這種藥可能對大腦造成損害。➤fund, sponsor, support資助研究；贊助研究➤direct, lead, oversee指導／領導／監督研究➤continue繼續研究➤need, require需要研究◇Further research is needed.需要做進一步的研究。➤encourage, promote, stimulate鼓勵／推動／激勵研究➤cite引用研究➤discuss討論研究➤review評論研究RESEARCH + VERB➤demonstrate sth, find sth, identify sth, indicate sth, reveal sth, show sth, suggest sth, support sth研究證實；研究發現；研究顯示；研究表明◇research which identifies the causes of depression找出抑鬱成因的研究◇What has their research shown?他們的研究結果表明了什麼？◇The research does not support these conclusions.該研究並不支持這些結論。➤demonstrate that..., find that..., indicate that..., reveal that..., show that..., suggest that...研究證實⋯；研究發現⋯；研究顯示⋯；研究表明⋯◇Research demonstrates that women are more likely than men to provide social support to others.研究證實，女性較男性更可能給他人提供社會支持。➤link sth to sth, link sth with sth研究表明⋯與⋯有聯繫◇the research done in the 1950s that linked smoking with cancer20 世紀 50 年代所進行的表明吸煙與癌症有關的研究➤confirm sth, prove sth研究證實⋯／證明⋯▸➤produce sth, yield sth研究得出⋯◇Recent research on deaf children has produced some interesting findings.對失聰兒童的最新研究有了一些值得注意的發現。➤examine sth, explore sth, focus on sth, investigate sth研究檢查⋯／探索⋯／集中於⋯／探究⋯➤involve sth研究涉及⋯➤be part of sth研究是⋯的一部份RESEARCH + NOUN➤degree研究學位▸➤effort, programme/program, project, study, work研究工作；研究項目；研究性學習◇Who is directing the group's research effort?誰在指導該小組的研究工作？➤agenda研究日程▸➤methodology, methods研究方法論；研究方法➤tool研究工具▸➤findings, results研究發現／結果▸➤purposes研究目的◇Copies of the tape can be made for research purposes.為研究所用可以複製該磁帶。➤centre/center, facility, lab (informal) , laboratory, station, unit研究中心；研究設施；研究實驗室；研究工作站；研究單位➤company, firm, institute, institution, organization, university研究公司；研究所；研究機構；研究型大學▸➤analyst, assistant, associate, director, fellow, scientist, student, worker研究員；研究助手；研究主管；研究人員；研究生➤group, team研究小組／團隊▸➤funding, grant研究資金／經費➤paper, report研究論文／報告➤data研究數據➤interests研究方向➤question研究的問題➤subject, topic研究課題➤library研究型圖書館➤budget研究預算PREPOSITION➤research in⋯領域的研究◇Most research in the field has concentrated on the effects on children.這一領域的大多數研究都集中在對孩子的影響這一方面。➤research into, research on對⋯的研究◇They are carrying out research into the natural flow patterns of water.他們正在研究水的自然流動模式。PHRASES➤an area of research研究領域▸➤focus your research on sth將研究專注於⋯◇He focused his research on the economics of the interwar era.他主要研究兩次世界大戰之間那些歲月的經濟問題。➤sb's own research某人自己的研究◇They lack the resources to do their own research.他們缺乏獨立做研究所需要的資源。➤research and development (abbreviated to R & D) 研究和開發◇spending on military research and development軍事研發的開支
research

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤carefully, exhaustively, extensively, fully, meticulously, properly, thoroughly, well仔細研究；全面研究；廣泛地研究；充分調查；適當調查▸➤poorly研究不足◇The book has been poorly researched.這本書未被充分研讀。PREPOSITION➤for為⋯做研究◇She is currently researching for her next novel.她現在正為下一部小說做調研工作。➤into調查⋯◇I spent two years carefully researching into his background.我花了兩年時間仔細調查他的背景。
IELTS BNC: 357 COCA: 362
research verb
⇨ investigate research

noun

research ♦︎ analysis ♦︎ exploration ♦︎ scrutiny ♦︎ examination ♦︎ study ♦︎ discussion ♦︎ enquiryThese are all words for the process of examining and finding out more about sth, or the result of this process. 这些词均表示调查、研究或研究结果。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆research / enquiry into sth◆detailed research / analysis / exploration / scrutiny / examination / study / discussion / enquiry◆close analysis / scrutiny / examination / study◆scientific research / analysis / exploration / scrutiny / examination / study / enquiry◆historical research / analysis / exploration / examination / study / enquiry◆to carry out / conduct / undertake research / analysis / exploration / an examination / a study◆to do research / analysis / a study◆research / analysis / exploration / scrutiny / examination / the study reveals sth◆research / analysis / examination / the study shows / suggests sth■ research [uncountable] ( researches [plural]) the process of studying a subject in detail, especially in order to discover new information about it （尤指为了发掘更多信息的）研究，调查，探索◆He's done a lot of research into renewable energy sources.他已经对可再生能源做了大量研究。◆I've done some research to find out the cheapest way of travelling there.为了找到去那里最省钱的方式，我做了一些研究。◆Recent research on deaf children has yielded some interesting results.对失聪儿童的最新研究已经取得了一些有意义的结果。◆We're trying to raise money for cancer research.我们正在努力为癌症研究筹集资金。◆This is a piece of research that should be taken very seriously.这是一项应该严肃认真对待的研究。◆James is a 24-year-old research student from Iowa.詹姆斯是一个来自艾奥瓦州的24岁研究生。◆They pour millions of dollars into research and development (= researching and creating new products).他们投入数百万元进行研发。◆I work for a market research organization (= an organization that finds out what people buy and why).我在一家市场调查机构供职。◆In the course of my researches, I came across some of my grandfather's old letters.在我的研究过程中，我偶然接触到一些祖父的旧信。  see also research ⇨ investigate verb ■ analysis əˈnæləsɪs [uncountable, countable] the process of studying sth in detail in order to understand more about it; the result of this study （对事物的）分析，分析结果◆Most of the information we have so far is based on statistical analysis.迄今为止我们的信息大多基于统计分析得来。◆The book is an analysis of poverty and its causes.这本书分析了贫困及其根源。  see also analyse ⇨ examine NOTE 辨析 Research or analysis?When you do research you try to find out new information; when you do analysis you look in more detail at the information you already have, in order to understand it better. * research指试图找到新的信息，analysis指深入了解已有信息。■ exploration ˌekspləˈreɪʃn [uncountable, countable] the act of travelling through a place in order to find out about it or look for sth; the act of looking at sth or considering it in detail in order to find out more about it 勘探；勘查；探索；探究◆The film is a chronicle of man's exploration of space.这部电影讲述了人类太空探索的历史。◆Extensive oil exploration was carried out using the latest drilling technology.应用最新的钻井技术进行了大规模的石油勘探。◆This was the time of Humboldt's explorations in South America.这就是洪堡在南美探索的时期。  see also explore ⇨ investigate verb ■ scrutiny ˈskruːtəni [uncountable] (formal) the act of considering sth in great detail, especially in order to see or decide if it is good enough 仔细探究（尤指为了解或评判是否合格）◆Her argument doesn't really stand up to scrutiny.她的论点经不起认真推敲。◆The documents should be available for public scrutiny.这些文件应公诸于世，交由公众审议。◆Foreign policy has come under close scrutiny recently.近来，政府的外交政策受到了认真彻底的审查。  see also scrutinize ⇨ study ■ examination [uncountable, countable] the act of considering sth in detail, in order to understand more about it or to make a decision or judgement about it （为了更好地理解某事物或对之作决定或判断的）审查，调查，考查◆Your proposals are still under examination.你的几份提案仍在审查之中。◆On closer examination, her story did not seem to stand up.仔细推究起來，她的说法显得站不住脚。◆The chapter concludes with a brief examination of what causes family break-up.本章结束时简要考查了引起家庭破裂的因素。  see also examine ⇨ examine ■ study [uncountable, countable] the process of considering sth in detail, in order to understand or find out more about it 细致考虑；仔细检查；审视◆The scientific study of American dialects began in 1889.对美国方言的科学研究始于1889年。◆A detailed study of the area was carried out.对该地区进行了详细研究。   see also study ⇨ report noun 1 , study ⇨ examine verb NOTE 辨析 Examination or study? Examination has a broader range of meaning than study in this meaning. Study is usually more academic, in order to find out more about a subject; examination may be more practical, in order to make a decision about sth. 表达此义时，examination含义比study更宽泛。study通常多与学术相关，目的是对某学科有更多了解；examination可能更多出于实际的需要，是为了对某事作出决定。■ discussion [countable, uncountable] a speech or piece of writing that discusses many different aspects of a subject 详述；论述◆Her article is a discussion of the methods used in research.她这篇文章论述了研究中运用的方法。◆There will be further discussion of these issues in the next chapter.这些问题将在下一章进一步讨论。   see also discuss ⇨ examine ■ enquiry ( inquiry) [uncountable] the act of asking questions or collecting information about sb/sth 查询；探究；探索◆Some regimes have tried to stifle scientific enquiry.有些政权试图扼杀科学探索。◆We are following several lines of enquiry.我们正沿着几条线索进行调查。  see also enquire into sth ⇨ investigate verb
IELTS BNC: 357 COCA: 362

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