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custom

Word family 
Related topics: Trade
cus·tom1 /ˈkʌstəm/ ●●● W3 noun  
1  [countableC, uncountableU]TRADITION something that is done by people in a particular society because it is traditional 风俗，习惯，传统 → tradition
local/ancient/French etc custom
 The guide offers information on local customs.
导游手册介绍了当地的风俗习惯。
it is the custom (for somebody) to do something
 It’s the custom for the bride’s father to pay for the wedding.
根据传统，由新娘的父亲支付婚礼费用。
the custom of doing something
 The custom of naming women after flowers is becoming less common.
用花名给女子起名的做法现在已经不大常见了。
► see thesaurus at habit
2  [singular]HABIT formal something that you usually do every day, or in a particular situation 日常习惯 SYN habit
 He awoke early, as was his custom.
他很早醒来，这是他的习惯。
3  customs [plural]
a) the place where your bags are checked for illegal goods when you go into a country 〔检查入境人员行李的〕海关 → immigration
 She was stopped at customs and questioned.
她在海关被叫住接受问话。
 It took ages to clear customs (=be allowed through customs) but then we were out of the airport quite quickly.
过海关花了很长时间，不过出机场倒是很快。
 You won’t be able to take that through customs.
你带着那东西过不了海关的。
b) the government department that checks goods coming into a country and collects any taxes on them 海关〔政府部门〕
 customs officers
海关关员
 the US customs service
美国海关
Examples from the Corpus
customs• All bags must be inspected by customs officers.
4  [uncountableU] formalBBTBUY the practice of regularly using a particular shop or business 〔经常性的〕惠顾，光顾
 an advertisement to attract more custom
为吸引更多主顾的一则广告
 Smaller shops lose a lot of custom when supermarkets open nearby.
附近开了超市以后，小商店就失去了大量客源。
n COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + custom
a local custom
We were unfamiliar with the local customs.
an old/ancient/age-old custom
Here on the island, many of the old customs have survived.
an established custom
He had criticized some of the school’s established customs.
a traditional custom
The children learn about traditional customs, crafts, music, and dance.
a social custom
Our people do not want to imitate western social customs.
a French/Greek etc custom
The Spanish custom is to add the mother’s surname after the father’s.
a tribal custom
He spoke four African languages and knew most of the tribal customs.
burial customs (=things done when someone dies and is buried)
the diversity of burial customs in different parts of the world
verbs
follow/observe a custom (=do something that is part of a custom)
Following a Chinese custom, Deng changed his given name to mark the occasion.
respect a custom
Strangers should respect the customs of the country they are in.
a custom survives (=continues to be followed)
The custom of slaughtering an animal to welcome guests still survives in some areas.
a custom dies out/disappears (=gradually stops being done)
Sometimes the streets are decorated with flower petals, although this custom is dying out.
Examples from the Corpus
custom• Is there a single frame or context of explanation which will unify the diversities of belief and custom?• He sat down gloomily behind his desk to await custom.• High customs tariffs and turnover taxes were introduced to prevent a large-scale inflow of consumer goods.• It was his custom to attend Mass every Sunday.• The service was not very good, so I've decided to take my custom elsewhere.• It was in fact made without protest and in the ordinary course of customs business.• Sadly, a lot of the old customs are now dying out.• On the other hand, it was no great sum and Hope's custom had given him publicity.• It is the custom in Japan to take your shoes off when you go into someone's house.• After the death of Grandfather Palichuk, the custom arose of frequently leaving him at home.• In those days it was the custom for farmers to give part of their crop to the lord of the manor.• The custom of sending birthday cards began in the 19th century.
the custom of doing something• The custom of carving jack-o'-lanterns can be traced back to an old Irish folk tale.• Bored with the custom of the bishop's Easter letter, Hope has replaced it with a tabloid, just out.• Competition for the custom of wealthy individuals is also growing.• Families can drop the custom of serving unappetizing desserts and start tasty new holiday traditions, Eisenberg suggests.• If active steps are taken to attract the custom of older people, their response will reap its own rewards.• Then she apologised for her mask, which was indeed extraordinary, and said it was the custom of her people.• There is no historical evidence for the custom of releasing a prisoner at festival time, although such an amnesty was possible.• They are not bothered about the weather or the customs of the country they are in.• Without the custom of the conference delegate, salesman or business executive, many hotels would close.
custom2 adjectiveadj [only before noun] especially American EnglishAmE  
custom products or services are specially designed and made for a particular person 定制的，定做的 SYN bespoke
 His son operates a custom furniture business.
他儿子开了一家公司，经营定制家具。
Examples from the Corpus
custom• A $ 40 fare for three hours of skiing covers instructors, lift ticket and custom equipment.• President Robert Zeitsiff, who sent the handyman the catalog, said that the firm makes custom fixtures as well.• Seymour writes custom programs for banks and manages their computer operations.• Other kinds of sensors, in concert with smart materials, will produce custom systems for a host of problems.• Temsco also offers custom tours to LeConte Glacier and Mount McKinley.• And the custom travel organizer which is this, plus your glamour tray.• Should you create custom user profiles or not?• About 80 percent of the business is costuming, and the rest is custom work.
custom- /kʌstəm/ prefix
custom-made/custom-built/custom-designed etc made, built etc for a particular person 定做的/专门建造的/专门设计的等
 custom-made suit
定制的套装
 custom-ordered vehicles
按特定要求而制造的车辆
From Longman Business Dictionary
customcus·tom /ˈkʌstəm/ noun [uncountableU] British EnglishBrE
when people use a particular shop or business
a marketing campaign to attract more custom
Saturday is usually our busiest day and we have missed out on a great deal of custom through the closure.
Origin custom1
(1100-1200) Old French custume, from Latin consuetudo, from consuescere “to make someone used to something”
cus·tom1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1custom2 adjectiveadjcustom- prefix
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