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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4534 COCA: 4610

plunge

Word family 
plunge1 /plʌndʒ/ ●○○ verb  
1  [intransitiveI, transitiveT always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]DOWNFALL to move, fall, or be thrown suddenly forwards or downwards （使）突然向前倒下[跌落]
plunge off/into etc
 Her car swerved and plunged off the cliff.
她的车突然转向，冲下了悬崖。
 Both the climbers had plunged to their deaths.
两位攀登者都坠落身亡。
2  [intransitiveI]LESS if a price, rate etc plunges, it suddenly decreases by a large amount 〔价格、比率等〕暴跌，骤降
 The unemployment rate plunged sharply.
失业率骤降。
plunge to
 Oil prices have plunged to a new low.
石油价格创了新低。
 In the recession, the company’s profits plunged 60%.
萧条时期，那家公司的利润骤跌了60%。
3. [intransitiveI]UPDOWN literary if a ship plunges, it moves violently up and down because of big waves 〔船〕猛烈地颠簸► see thesaurus at decrease
4 plunge in (also plunge into something) phrasal verbphr v 
a) START DOING somethingto start talking or doing something quickly and confidently, especially without thinking about it first 贸然行动
 It’s a difficult situation. You can’t just plunge in and put everything right.
情况棘手，不是贸然行动就解决得了的。
 ‘I don’t agree, ’ she said, plunging into the conversation.
“我不同意。”她突然加入了谈话。
b) to jump or dive into water 跳进〔水中〕
 He stripped off and plunged into the sea.
他脱光衣服跳入海中。
c) plunge something ↔ in (also plunge something into something) to push something firmly and deeply into something else 把某物投[插，刺]入某物
 He opened the bag and plunged his hand in.
他打开包，把手伸了进去。
 Plunge the pasta into boiling water.
把意大利面倒入沸水中。
 Repeatedly she plunged the knife into his chest.
她在他的胸膛连刺数刀。
► see thesaurus at put
Examples from the Corpus
plunged ... knife• He plunged the knife into the boiling water and speared one slice.
5 plunge (somebody/something) into something phrasal verbphr v to suddenly experience a difficult or unpleasant situation, or to make someone or something do this （使某人/某物）陷入[遭受]〔某种困难或不利局面〕
 A strike would plunge the country into chaos.
罢工会让国家陷入混乱。
 The house was suddenly plunged into darkness.
房子一下子陷入黑暗之中。
 After the war, the family plunged into debt.
战后，这家人债台高筑。
Examples from the Corpus
plunge into • The lights dim, then go off, plunging the hall into darkness.• Eddie was more desperate, and that made him weaker, he thought; and he plunged once more into despair.• And as he withdrew to plunge again into her willing vagina, she realised she didn't mind which orifice he filled.• This would hit struggling homebuyers and businessmen, plunging Britain deeper into recession.• The leap to full Highlight plunged me deep into the pouch-seat.• The plunges are all into the same deep inward sea; of that there can be no doubt.• He was just about to plunge back into the streets when he saw some one running towards him.• She plunged deeply into work to try and distract herself.
plunged into darkness• Just as the teacher was getting into her stride, the whole school was plunged into darkness.• Labour has been feeling its way since Major's election, as if the corridor it was traversing was suddenly plunged into darkness.• Our society would be plunged into darkness.• Teal Green was coughing up a lungful of smoke when the Base was plunged into darkness.• The room was plunged into darkness and stayed like that for the rest of the day.• With his house plunged into darkness, Jessie's owner sought my help.
Examples from the Corpus
plunge• Fastenal plunged 4 to 38 on Nasdaq.• Many Conservatives still recalled the disarray into which the Macmillan administration had plunged after its striking election victory in 1959.• Plunging both hands deep into the sack she rummaged among the parcels.• The President's popularity has plunged dramatically in recent weeks.• In addition to investor skittishness over the impeachment threat, the technology sector plunged for the third consecutive day.• She plunged herself into her writing.• Thomas plunged his arm deep into the creature's mouth and then forced his fist upwards through the larynx.• I plunged in fully-clothed and pulled her to the river bank.• The two women sat down in a corner and plunged into an animated conversation.• These are rocket-shaped projectiles loaded with vitrified waste, and dumped from ships to plunge into soft sediments on the ocean floor.• Colin plunged into the icy water.• The aeroplane's engines failed and it plunged into the ocean.• Three men left the truck and plunged into the woods.• Their car swerved to avoid a truck, and plunged off the cliff.• Then he plunged the knife into his victim's chest.• As the sun shrank the ledge, he waited to plunge to his death into a crevasse.• A skydiver plunged to his death yesterday when his parachute failed to open.• Witnesses recalled a clap of wood and the sight of Bailey plunging toward the ground, then his dangling body spinning hard.• Concern that White House and congressional negotiators were unable to reach an agreement to balance the budget helped send stocks plunging yesterday.
plunge off/into etc• There's still another shoe to drop on whether they can survive the maelstrom of pressures that they've just plunged into.• Women are eager to plunge into adventure and the unknown.• People smart enough to plunge into bond funds last year are probably feeling pretty good.• Just as the teacher was getting into her stride, the whole school was plunged into darkness.• Two years later, Marianne remarried and Matthew plunged into depression.• I felt as though I were plunging into something new and quite abnormal.• The only course was to plunge into the close-set thickets where riders could not follow. and run for the Severn.• It was also among the first to plunge into the Internet fray.
plunge2 noun  
1  take the plunge DECIDEto decide to do something important or risky, especially after thinking about it for a long time 〔尤指经过长时间思考之后〕决定奋力一搏，决定冒险一试
 We took the plunge and set up our own business.
我们毅然决定自己创业。
Examples from the Corpus
take the plunge• Pennsylvania had already taken the plunge into youth apprenticeships before Butler began making his calculations.• And once you do take the plunge, avoid the computer ads for at least a year.• Mrs Scott, pictured above, first took the plunge in 1993 when she converted a house into two flats.• Forsyth took the plunge into politics in 1996.• But with only five runners declared-and two of those pulled out before racing-she decided to take the plunge.• "Are you two getting married?" "Yes. We've decided to take the plunge."• We've decided to take the plunge and get married.• Ralph and his wife decided to take the plunge into business.• For some years I have been thinking of buying a word processor but have not yet taken the plunge.• Until then, our Buying With Confidence section on page 66 explains how to protect yourself when you take the plunge.
2  [countableC]LESS a sudden large decrease in the price, value etc of something 〔价格、价值等的〕骤降
plunge in
 a dramatic plunge in house prices
房价的暴跌
3  [countableC usually singular]DOWN a sudden movement down or forwards 突降；俯冲
 The plane began a headlong plunge towards the Earth.
飞机开始栽向地面。
4  [countableC usually singular] when someone suddenly becomes involved in something new 突然卷入
plunge into
 his sudden plunge into marriage
他的闪婚
5  [countableC usually singular]JUMP a jump or dive into water, or a quick swim 跳水；〔短时间的〕游泳
Examples from the Corpus
plunge• There has been a 10% plunge in stock prices.• What if he were to be punished for his vengeance by a plunge into the nerve-glove?• a plunge in the lake• She continued to eke out a living based on the fading memories of her famous plunge.• The worst postwar bear market struck in 1973-1974, a Dow Jones plunge of 45 percent.• Instead, Greenspan welcomed the stock plunge, saying it had chilled an overheated market.• Myers was severely injured in the plunge from the top of the hotel.• She looked towards the Archdeacon and recognised the signs of some one about to take the plunge.• Inspired by the Sixties, we asked a few brave souls to take the plunge and dress up like latter-day Twiggys.
plunge in/into• Try a bracing dash up to the pool, followed by a plunge into the deep end.• Burt plunged into the river fully clothed to save the boy.• Anxious to pursue this issue to its roots, Coleridge plunges into six chapters of philosophical enquiry.• It was an omen, but Margo and Duke plunged in.• Then he plunged in, and when he saw he was correct, punched the air with a raised left hand.• Two years later, Marianne remarried and Matthew plunged into depression.• Yet they plunged into battle ready to sustain frightful casualties.• Neither President Clinton nor Bob Dole cares to plunge into that particular contentious thicket these days.• He is a man whose emotions are close to the surface, and who plunges into profound troughs.
From Longman Business Dictionary
plungeplunge1 /plʌndʒ/ verb [intransitiveI, transitiveT]
journalism to suddenly and quickly go down in value or amountSYN PLUMMET
Stock prices plunged again yesterday.
The company’s shares plunged 33% in a single day.
→ plunge into
plungeplunge2 noun journalism
1[countableC usually singular] a sudden large fall in a price, value, or rateSYN PLUMMET
plunge in
The plunge in oil prices led to losses of about $50 million.
2take the plunge to finally decide to take a risk, especially after delaying it for a long time
Advertisers are studying the new technology with interest, but most have yet to take the plunge.
Origin plunge1
(1300-1400) Old French plongier, from Vulgar Latin plumbicare, from Latin plumbum “lead”
plunge1 verbplunge2 noun
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4534 COCA: 4610
plunge

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + PLUNGE | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤cold跳入冷水◇Bathers would go straight from the hot room to take a cold plunge.游泳者從悶熱的房間裏走出來就直接跳進冷水。➤downward, headlong (both figurative) 投身向下；一頭扎進◇the economy's downward plunge經濟的大幅下滑◇his headlong plunge into shame and hypocrisy他突然深陷於恥辱和虛偽之境地VERB + PLUNGE➤survive突然跌落後活下來◇How did he survive his icy plunge?突然落入冰冷的水中，他是如何活下來的？➤take (usually figurative) 跳下；（深思熟慮後）果斷行事◇She prepared to take the plunge into the cold waters of Lake Ontario.她做好準備跳入安大略湖冰冷的水中。◇He finally took the plunge and gave in his notice.他終於毅然決然地遞交了辭呈。PREPOSITION➤plunge into跳進⋯中◇a plunge into the icy water跳入冰冷的水中➤plunge to跌到⋯◇a plunge to the ground跌落到地面
plunge

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤ahead (NAmE, often figurative) , back, downwards/downward, forward, head first, headlong突然前衝；突然向後倒下；突然下落；向前猛衝；頭朝前地衝；倒栽葱◇City officials are plunging ahead with plans for a new convention center.城市官員正紛紛投身於關於新會議中心的計劃中。◇The car plunged headlong into the river.汽車一頭衝進河中。➤in跳進去◇The pool was declared open and eager swimmers plunged in.泳池一宣佈開放，迫不及待的游泳者便跳入水中。PREPOSITION➤down衝下⋯◇The bus came off the road and plunged down an embankment.公共汽車駛離了公路，衝下路堤。➤from從⋯跳下◇He plunged from a tenth floor window.他從 10 樓的窗戶跳下。➤into (often figurative) 陷入◇She plunged straight into her story.她逕直講起自己的故事來。➤off突然偏離◇The car had plunged off the road.汽車突然衝離了馬路。PHRASES➤plunge to your death摔死◇A climber plunged 300 feet to his death.一名登山者從 300 英尺高處跌下來摔死了。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4534 COCA: 4610
plunge verb
⇨ fall 2 (plunge to your death) ⇨ slump (stock markets plunge)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4534 COCA: 4610
plunge
To move, or to move something downwards: fall, lower, come down...
What roads, paths and areas of land do: ascend, bend, bifurcate...
Slopes and sloping: slope, tilt, incline...
To become less in size, amount or value: crater, decrease, decline...
To move somewhere quickly: fly, hasten, speed...
To move something quickly: fling, skim, slide...
What ships and boats do: capsize, cast off, come about...
To be in, or to get into a difficult situation: run out of road, suffer, undergo...
Movements downwards: fall, descent, plunge...
General words for swimming and diving: backstroke, bathe, bathing...
Rates of decrease and the process of decreasing: decrease, reduction, decline...

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