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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2561 COCA: 3146

consumption

Word family 
Related topics: Economics, Illness & disability
con·sump·tion /kənˈsʌmpʃən/ ●●○ W3 AWL noun [uncountableU]  
1  AMOUNT OF something USEDUSE/CONSUMEamount used 消耗的量 the amount of energy, oil, electricity etc that is used 〔精力、油、电等的〕消耗量 → consume
energy/fuel etc consumption
 dramatic rises in fuel consumption
燃料消耗的急剧增长
 Vigorous exercise increases oxygen consumption.
剧烈运动增加氧的消耗。
2  EATDRINKfood/drink 食物/饮料
a) formal the act of eating or drinking 吃；喝 → consume
consumption of
 The consumption of alcohol on the premises is forbidden.
场内禁止饮酒。
fit/unfit for human consumption (=safe or not safe to eat) 适宜/不适宜供人食用
 The meat was declared unfit for human consumption.
这种肉已被宣布不适合供人食用。
b) the amount of a substance that people eat, drink, smoke etc 〔食物、饮料、烟草等的〕消耗量，消费量
alcohol/tobacco/caffeine etc consumption
 The Government wants to reduce tobacco consumption by 40%.
政府想把烟草的消耗量减少40%。
3  BUYINGbuying 购买PE the act of buying and using products 购买，消费 → consume, consumer
 art intended for mass consumption (=to be bought, seen etc by lots of people)
供大众消费的艺术品
 China’s austerity program has cut domestic consumption (=when products are bought in the country where they were produced).
中国的经济紧缩计划缩减了国内消费。
conspicuous consumption (=when people buy expensive products to prove they are rich) 炫耀性消费
4  for general/public/private etc consumption USE somethingintended to be heard or read only by a particular group of people 供一般人/公众/少数人等了解
 figures that are not for public consumption
不向公众公开的数据
Examples from the Corpus
for general/public/private etc consumption• Those on the right endorse the first half of the argument but not the second, at least for public consumption.• Far from it, what they say for public consumption appears to be at odds with what they are saying privately.• Most of its contents was judged too personal-and possibly too politically sensitive-for public consumption.• When the media found out, his private exercise of his personal beliefs became a subject for public consumption.• But these things aren't for public consumption.• This Government talks tough for public consumption but has no stomach for action.
5. ILLNESSMI old-fashioned tuberculosis 肺结核
n COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + consumption
high/low
People should stop using expensive cars with a high petrol consumption.
total consumption
Total consumption of petrol has risen by 20%.
domestic consumption (=use of something in the country where it is produced)
Domestic consumption of oil has increased.
household consumption (=use in the home)
The government is encouraging us to reduce our household consumption of water.
energy consumption
Over a quarter of our energy consumption is in the home.
fuel/electricity/gas consumption
There are three possible methods of reducing oil consumption.
verbs
reduce consumption
The system will be introduced into all stores to reduce energy consumption by up to 10%
cut consumption (=reduce it)
a plan to cut energy consumption by 40%
consumption rises/increases/goes up
Consumption of unleaded fuel rose by 17% in 1992.
consumption falls/decreases/goes down
Coal consumption has fallen dramatically.
Examples from the Corpus
consumption• Others factors can be, such as obesity, high alcohol consumption and lack of exercise.• Dr. Boxhall said I should cut down on my alcohol consumption.• In 1980, the per capita consumption in the United States was 18 pounds of cheese of which one-third was cottage cheese.• declining consumption of coal, oil and gas• Most people are aware of the need to reduce energy consumption.• Fuel consumption is predicted to rise.• Cyclical variations in consumption, investment and national income following an increase in autonomous investment - explosive case.• By January 1941 a Central Statistical Office was turning out regular reports on production figures, inflation, consumption and manpower resources.• Several other recent studies have shown that moderate consumption of red wine, in particular, is helpful for preventing heart disease.• The plan aims to reward saving and tax consumption.• an increase in the consumption of electrical products• The "Five-a-Day" promotion is meant to increase the consumption of fresh produce.• The government is urging people to reduce their water consumption.
energy/fuel etc consumption• The new plan focused on reducing carbon dioxide emissions by cutting energy consumption.• This should result in cuts of up to 10 percent in fuel consumption.• The aluminium body is 12 percent lighter than if built of steel, which helps keep fuel consumption down.• The caretaker is also increasingly monitoring fuel consumption.• The overheating causes an increase in overall energy consumption of only 7 %.• Countries may tax energy consumption at radically different rates without seeing all their domestic industry disappear offshore.• However, I would like to minimise the fuel consumption damage.
alcohol/tobacco/caffeine etc consumption• The relation between alcohol consumption and sickness absence will be reported elsewhere.• Not having children or having them late in life doubles the risk, as does heavy alcohol consumption.• Others have found fewer differences between heterosexuals and homosexuals in alcohol consumption and abuse.• They reported a 60 % higher risk linked to maternal alcohol consumption.• Increasingly attention is paid to the four lifestyle areas of smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise and diet.• What is the control theory approach to alcohol consumption?• During the Depression of the 1930s and the Second World War, alcohol consumption, understandably, fell significantly.• Whether caffeine is the root cause of your insomnia or just a contributing factor, your caffeine consumption needs to be addressed.
conspicuous consumption• But one can only take just so much wretched excess and conspicuous consumption.• Even so, a significant number of takeover bids were probably no more than a form of corporate conspicuous consumption.• Foreign imports such as colour television sets and hi-fi systems cram shop windows, catering to demands for conspicuous consumption.• What better forum for conspicuous consumption than the locker-room or the golf club car-park?• The emergence of stratified societies culminating in states increased conspicuous consumption of precious substances.• Hong Kong was regarded as the world's capital of conspicuous consumption.• The creative ones turned their backs on conspicuous consumption and decided in favor of a simpler, personalized lifestyle.• Similarly, conspicuous consumption or display is now regarded as an acceptable form of behaviour.• They're young and poor and the patriarchal culture they inherit and the conspicuous consumption of their contemporaries sanctions their irresponsibility.
From Longman Business Dictionary
consumptioncon·sump·tion /kənˈsʌmpʃən/ noun [uncountableU]
1COMMERCEECONOMICSthe amount of goods, services, energy, or natural materials used in a particular period of time
Texas is second only to California in beer consumption.
Cuban households have been asked to reduce their electricity consumption by 10%.
2ECONOMICS the act of buying and using products, services etc
The spread of mass production, mass consumption and urbanisation have all contributed to the pollution of Lake Biwa.
→ capital consumption → conspicuous consumption
3ECONOMICS the amount spent on goods by consumers in a particular period of time
Developing countries keep their currencies’ value low and this allows them to limit consumption and imports and to stimulate exports, investment and growth.
He recommends a tax system that would tax consumption rather than income.
→ domestic consumption
Origin consumption
(1300-1400) Latin consumptio, from consumere; → CONSUME
con·sump·tion noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2561 COCA: 3146
consumption

noun

ADJECTIVE | ... OF CONSUMPTION | VERB + CONSUMPTION | CONSUMPTION + VERB | CONSUMPTION + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤heavy, high大量消耗；高消耗量◇the country with the highest fuel consumption in the world世界上消耗燃料最多的國家➤low低消耗量▸➤average平均消耗量▸➤overall, total總消耗量▸➤excessive, moderate過度／適度消耗▸➤conspicuous (= buying expensive goods in order to impress people and show how rich you are) 炫耀性消費▸➤annual, daily年消耗量；日消耗量◇Reducing our annual consumption of energy is an important first step.減少我們的能量年消耗是重要的第一步。➤current當前的消耗量▸➤per capita人均消耗量▸➤domestic, home, local國內消費；地方消費◇It is important that the recovery be export-led rather than led by domestic consumption.經濟復蘇應由出口而不是國內消費帶動，這一點很重要。◇Half of the small crop was kept for home consumption.不多的糧食收成中，一半被留作國內消費。➤world世界消費▸➤household家庭消費▸➤individual, personal個人消費▸➤mass大眾消費▸➤public公共消費▸➤private私人消費▸➤future未來消費◇households that save for future consumption為未來消費存錢的家庭➤alcohol, beer, cigarette, drug, food, meat, tobacco, water, wine酒類消費；啤酒消費；香煙消費；藥品消費；食品消費；肉類消費；水的消耗；葡萄酒消費▸➤electricity, energy, fuel, gas, gasoline, oil, petrol, power耗電量；能源消耗；燃料消耗；煤氣消耗；汽油消耗；石油消耗；電力消耗... OF CONSUMPTION➤level消費水平VERB + CONSUMPTION➤boost, encourage, increase, promote, stimulate促進／鼓勵／增加／推動／刺激消費◇Doctors say that we need to increase their consumption of fruit and vegetables.醫生們說我們需要多給他們吃水果和蔬菜。◇The industry faced a serious challenge in trying to stimulate consumption.在刺激消費方面，這個行業面臨着嚴峻的挑戰。➤cut down, lower, reduce削減／降低／減少消耗◇You need to reduce your alcohol consumption.你要少飲酒。CONSUMPTION + VERB➤go up, grow, increase, rise消耗量上升；消費增長▸➤decline, decrease, fall, go down消耗量減少；消費下降CONSUMPTION + NOUN➤expenditure消費開支▸➤figures, levels, rate消耗數字；消費水平；消耗率▸➤habits, patterns消費習慣／模式▸➤goods消費品▸➤tax消費稅PREPOSITION➤for sb's consumption (= intended to be read or heard by sb) 供某人瞭解◇The documents were not for public consumption.這些文件不對公眾公開。PHRASES➤fit for human consumption, unfit for human consumption (= safe/not safe to be eaten) 適合／不適合食用◇meat that is unfit for human consumption不適合食用的肉
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2561 COCA: 3146
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2561 COCA: 3146

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