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BNC: 246 COCA: 292

include

Word family 
in·clude /ɪnˈkluːd/ ●●● S1 W1 verb [transitiveT]  
1  INCLUDEif one thing includes another, the second thing is part of the first 包括，包含
 Does the price include postage?
这个价格包含邮费吗？
 His job includes looking after under-21 teams.
他的职责包括照管21岁以下球队。
 The curriculum includes courses in computing.
课程内容包括计算机技术。
2  INCLUDEto make someone or something part of a larger group or set 将…列为…的一部分；把…算入 OPP exclude
 The team is stronger now they’ve included Roscoe.
罗斯科加入后，现在队伍的实力更强了。
include something in/on something
 Service is included in the bill.
账单包括服务费。
 Would you include a mobile phone on your list of essentials?
你的基本用品清单上包括随身听吗？
n Grammar
Prepositions with include
You include someone or something in a group, total, statement etc:
Insurance is included in the price.
✗Don’t say: Insurance is included on the price.
You include something or someone on a list:
His name was included on the team sheet.
Using the progressive
Include is not used in the progressive. You say:
The book includes a chapter on Europe.
✗Don’t say: The book is including a chapter on Europe.
However, the present participle including is very commonly used as a preposition:
It costs $150 including tax.
Examples from the Corpus
include• The price of the computer includes £500 worth of free software.• The toy has flashing lights and a siren noise, but batteries are not included.• Electrical systems had to be updated to install all the new equipment, which also includes a couple of freezers.• The sample tasks all include a measurement context in which decimals have to be ordered.• Today's programme will include a workshop on language learning games.• The price for the hotel includes breakfast.• These include generating and managing reports, building and printing labels, and creating and using custom forms.• You don't have to pay for your flights - they're included in the price of your holiday.• His sovereignty is not confined to the created order but includes political powers.• Early attempts to fortify rice included riboflavin along with the other constituents.• The team is looking strong, especially now that they have included Roscoe.• Our tour party included several young families.• They also prepare financial reports for nonmanagement groups, including stockholders, creditors, regulatory agencies, and tax authorities.• Even if you include the cost of food, it's still a cheap vacation.• Symptoms of the disease include tiredness and loss of memory.• I have included two jazz numbers in my selection.• Other favorites include unit housing makers Nagawa Co.• Could we maybe include Wendell in the game?
include something in/on something• Why did they include Baltimore on the list?
From Longman Business Dictionary
includein·clude /ɪnˈkluːd/ verb [transitiveT]
if something includes something else, the second thing is part of the first thing
The price includes shipping and handling.
include something in something
The auditors included the restructuring charge of $9 million in the final assessment of the accounts.
—including prepositionprep
The current staff numbers 40 attorneys, including 10 partners.
Origin include
(1400-1500) Latin includere, from claudere “to close”
in·clude verb →n GRAMMAR1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
BNC: 246 COCA: 292
BNC: 246 COCA: 292
include verb
⇨ include 1 (The price includes tax.) ⇨ include 2 (Some people, and I include myself…)include1

verb

 Does the price include tax? 这个价钱是否包括税款？Some people, and I include myself... 有些人，我也算一个⋯include ♦︎ contain ♦︎ cover ♦︎ incorporate ♦︎ encompass ♦︎ involve ♦︎ build sth in(to sth) ♦︎ embrace ♦︎ take sth inThese words all mean to have sb/sth as a part of sth or make sb/sth a part of sth. 这些词均表示包括、包含或纳入、并入。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to include / contain / incorporate / involve sth in sth◆to incorporate / build sth into sth◆to be included / covered / incorporated / encompassed as sth◆to contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace particular aspects of sth◆to include / contain / cover / incorporate / encompass particular material◆to include / contain / incorporate particular features◆to cover / encompass / embrace particular subjects / issues◆to contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace a (wide) range of things◆to include / contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace the whole of sth◆to directly cover / encompass / involve sth◆to cover / incorporate / encompass / involve sb / sth fully■ include [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to have sb/sth as a part of sth; to make sb/sth part of sth 包括；包含；使成为⋯的一部分◆The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.这次游览的行程之一是参观科学博物馆。◆Does the price include tax?这个价钱是否包括税款？◆Your duties will include typing letters and answering the phone.你的职责包括打信件和接电话。◆You should include some examples in your essay.你应该在文章里举一些例子。◆We all went, me included.我们都去了，连我在内。◆Representatives from the country were included as observers at the conference.这个国家的代表被列为会议的观察员。ⓘ When include means 'to have sb/sth as a part of sth', it is not used in the progressive tenses. * include表示“包括、包含”时不用于进行时◆Is the price including tax? OPP exclude ⇨ exclude 1   see also inclusive ⇨ overall ▸ including

preposition

 (abbreviation incl.) ◆It's £7.50, including tax.共计7.50英镑，含税。 OPP excluding ⇨ exclude verb 1 ▸ inclusion ɪnˈkluːʒn

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆His inclusion in the team is in doubt.他能否入选该队还未定案。◆There were some surprising inclusions in the list.名单中包括一些意想不到的人。 OPP exclusion ⇨ exclude verb 1 ■ contain [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to have sth inside or as part of sth 包含；含有；容纳◆This drink doesn't contain any alcohol.这种饮料不含任何酒精。◆The bottle contains (= can hold) two litres.此瓶容量为两升。◆He handed over a brown envelope containing a hundred dollar bills.他交出了一个装有一百元钞票的棕色信封。◆Her statement contained one or two inaccuracies.她的陈述有一两处不准确。■ cover [transitive] to include sth; to deal with sth 包括；包含；涉及；处理◆The survey covers all aspects of the business.调查涉及这家企业的各个方面。◆The lectures covered a lot of ground (= a lot of material or subjects).这些讲座涉及的内容极为丰富。◆He manages the sales team covering the northern part of the country (= selling to people in that area).他负责管理该国北部地区的销售团队。◆Do the rules cover (= do they apply to) a case like this?这些规则适用于这种情况吗？ⓘ When cover means 'to include sth' it is not used in the progressive tenses. * cover表示“包括、包含”时不用于进行时◆The survey is covering all aspects of the business.   see also be about sth ⇨ apply 2 ▸ coverage ˈkʌvərɪdʒ

noun

 [uncountable] ◆magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics包含大量饮食与健康主题的杂志■ incorporate ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt; NAmE ɪnˈkɔːrpəreɪt [transitive] (rather formal) to include sth so that it forms a part of sth 将⋯包括在内；吸收；使并入◆Many of your suggestions have been incorporated into the plan.你的很多建议已纳入计划中。◆The new car design incorporates all the latest safety features.新的汽车设计包括了所有最新的安全配备。■ encompass ɪnˈkʌmpəs [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to include a large number or range of things 包含，包括，涉及（大量事物）◆The job encompasses a wide range of responsibilities.这项工作涉及的职责范围很广。◆The group encompasses all ages.这个小组各种年龄的人都有。■ involve [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to make sb take part in sth 使参加；使加入◆We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.我们希望参加庆典的人越多越好。◆Parents should involve themselves in their children's education.父母应当参与孩子的教育。 OPP exclude ⇨ exclude 2   see also involvement ⇨ involvement ■ ˌbuild sth ˈin■ ˌbuild sth ˈinto sth

phrasal verb

(built, built) [often passive] to make sth a permanent part of a structure, plan or system 使⋯成为（结构、计划或体系的）组成部分◆We're having new closets built in.我们的新壁橱是嵌入式的。◆The pipes were built into the concrete.管子固定在混凝土里。◆A certain amount of flexibility needs to be built into the system.该系统需要加入一定的灵活性。▸ ˌbuilt-ˈin

adjective

 [only before noun] ◆built-in wardrobes / closets / cupboards / units嵌入式衣橱／壁橱／橱柜／整体厨房■ embrace ɪmˈbreɪs [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to cover or include sth; to unite different things 包括；包含；涵盖◆The talks embraced a wide range of issues.这些谈话涉及的问题非常广泛。◆The word 'mankind' embraces men, women and children.“人类”一词包括男人、女人和孩子。■ ˌtake sth ˈin

phrasal verb

(took, taken) [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to include sth, especially a place on a trip 包括，包含（尤指旅行所到之地）◆The tour takes in six European capitals.这次旅游涵盖六个欧洲国家的首都。include2

verb

 Does the price include tax? 这个价钱是否包括税款？Some people, and I include myself... 有些人，我也算一个⋯include ♦︎ count ♦︎ numberThese words all mean to consider sb/sth as part of a larger group. 这些词均表示列入、计算在内。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to include sb / count (sb) / number (sb) as / among sb / sth◆to include / count / number yourself as / among sb / sth■ include [transitive] to consider sb/sth to be part of a larger group 列入；把⋯计算在内◆Quite a few members are worried and I include myself among them.相当多的成员感到担心，包括我自己在内。◆Helpers at the event included students from a local school, as well as their parents.在这次活动中帮忙的人包括当地一所学校的学生和他们的父母。▸ including

preposition

 (abbreviation incl.) ◆Six people were killed in the riot, including a policeman.六人在暴乱中丧生，包括一名警察。OPP excluding ■ count [transitive] to include sb/sth when you calculate a total; to include sb/sth in a particular group 把⋯算入；包括；列入◆We have invited 50 people, not counting the children.不算小孩，我们已邀请了50人。◆I count him among my closest friends.我把他看作我最亲密的朋友之一。■ number [transitive, intransitive] (formal) to include sb/sth in a particular group; to be included in a particular group 把⋯算作；（被）归入◆I number her among my closest friends.我把她视为我最亲密的朋友之一。◆He numbers among the best classical actors in Britain.他是英国最好的古典剧目演员之一。
BNC: 246 COCA: 292
include
To contain something: include, contents, contain...
To include something or someone: include, take in, involve...

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