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TOEFL BNC: 1787 COCA: 1459

moral

Word family 
mor·al1 /ˈmɒrəl $ ˈmɔː-/ ●●○ W2 adjectiveadj  
1  [only before noun]GOOD/MORAL relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behaviour, and with the difference between good and evil 道德（上）的 → morally, ethical
 It is easy to have an opinion on a moral issue like the death penalty for murder.
对于判谋杀犯死刑这种涉及伦理道德的问题，有个观点并非难事。
 moral philosophy
道德哲学
moral standards/values/principles
 I think you can run a business to the highest moral standards.
我想你可以用最高的道德标准来经营公司。
 If we accept that certain babies should be allowed to die, we place doctors in a moral dilemma.
如果我们同意应该允许某些婴儿死去，那就是让医生在道德上处于两难境地了。
 Man is gifted with a moral sense by which he distinguishes good from evil.
人类天生有道德意识，能区分善与恶。
2  [only before noun]GOOD/MORAL based on your ideas about what is right, rather than on what is legal or practical 基于道德的，道义上的
 The book places a high moral value on marriage and the family unit.
这本书对婚姻和家庭的道德价值很重视。
 The UN feels that it has the moral authority (=influence because people accept that its beliefs are right) to send troops to the area.
联合国认为它在道义上有权向该地区派遣部队。
moral duty/obligation/responsibility
 A man has a moral duty to obey the law.
每个人在道德上都有遵守法律的义务。
 It isn’t just lack of moral fibre (=lack of the emotional strength to do what you believe is right) which leads to a rising divorce rate.
导致离婚率上升的不光是道德力量的缺失。
3  moral support HELPencouragement that you give by expressing approval or interest, rather than by giving practical help 道义上的支持，精神支持
 Dad came along to give me some moral support.
爸爸过来给我一些精神支持。
Examples from the Corpus
moral support• Steve went with her to provide moral support.• I don't believe Wellington stayed to give De Gaulle moral support.• Louise came up for the funeral and stayed on for three weeks to give moral support.• Voice over Finally, Dawn came here, where she's been given practical and moral support.• With his moral support a group of nobles and clergy from both sides tried to work out peace terms.• When a baby is newborn, friends, family, and even strangers deluge us with moral support and advice.• Mahdi denies that his movement wants weapons or financing from Washington, saying moral support and diplomatic pressure are enough.• I want you there not just for moral support but to have a witness present.• Last year they gave heavy financial and moral support to Democrats.
4  moral victory a situation in which you show that your beliefs are right and fair, even if you do not win 道义上的胜利
 Through Joan of Arc, France won a great moral victory.
因为圣女贞德，法国在道义上赢得了重大的胜利。
Examples from the Corpus
moral victory• The protesters have won at least a moral victory.• Although it saved them substantial costs, these cases were not exactly searing moral victories for the healthcare plans.• Those are the kinds of moral victories that eluded them in Game 1.
5  GOOD/MORALalways behaving in a way that is based on strong principles about what is right and wrong 品行端正的；品德高尚的 OPP immoral, amoral
 a moral man of high integrity
一个为人正直、道德高尚的人
6. take/claim/seize the moral high ground to claim that you are the only person who does what is morally right in a situation, with the intention of being noticed and considered to be good by the public 占领道德高地
Examples from the Corpus
take/claim/seize the moral high ground• Some corporations have seized the moral high ground.• Television is therefore seen to be taking the moral high ground, the side of the punter against the forces of evil.
7  moral compass a way of recognizing what kind of behaviour is right or wrong 道德指南针，道德准则
 Has the government lost its moral compass?
难道政府丧失其道德准则了吗？
n COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2
moral + NOUN
a moral standard/principle
Has there been a decline in moral standards in our society?
a moral value (=behaviour that a society believes is right and good)
Schools teach moral values both by example and in lessons.
a moral duty/obligation (=something you must do for moral reasons)
If you have a pet, you have a moral obligation to take care of it.
a moral judgment
We shouldn't make moral judgements about the way other people live their lives.
a moral imperative (=something that must be done for moral reasons)
He felt that rescuing the hostages was a moral imperative.
a moral code (=a set of beliefs about right and wrong that influences your behaviour)
His own moral code is based on his religious beliefs.
somebody’s moral authority (=influence that someone has because people believe their principles are right)
Corruption in government destroys its moral authority.
moral fibre British EnglishBrE, moral fiber American EnglishAmE (=the emotional strength to do what is right)
Single parents are sometimes treated as though they lack moral fibre.
a moral issue
a debate on the moral issues surrounding the use of animals in medical research
a moral dilemma (=a difficult decision for moral reasons)
Doctors face a moral dilemma when a patient can be kept alive but has no chance of real recovery.
somebody’s moral sense (=a feeling for what is right and what is wrong)
Children’s moral sense develops over a number of years.
moral superiority (=the idea that you are morally right and other people are not)
He connects high social class with moral superiority.
moral philosophy (=the study of moral principles and rules)
a class in moral philosophy
the moral order (=the way societies are organized according to moral standards)
Hitler posed the greatest threat to the moral order of the world that history has ever seen.
Examples from the Corpus
moral• This is involved in becoming aware of oneself as a self-conscious moral agent.• The company is managed according to strict moral and ethical principles.• They live according to a deeply held moral code.• But as in the 1830s their participation involved a reworking of moral discourse.• He cautioned, however, that the broadcaster tries to be a moral educator rather than an objective news presence.• Parents are responsible for giving their children moral guidance.• We follow the moral laws laid down by our religion.• You have a moral obligation to help your sister's children.• As moral people, we cannot accept that so many children grow up in poverty.• They see it as a scientific rather than a moral problem.• Everything that he writes has a high moral purpose.• It is also true that moral reasoning does not ensure consistent moral behavior.• Women have a moral right to work without being sexually harassed.• Eight percent said a decline in moral values worried them the most.
moral philosophy• Any verdict we pass on punishment must be soundly based on an acceptable general moral philosophy.• Of course, not everyone is well versed in moral philosophy.• He had just been appointed professor of moral philosophy at the University of Glasgow.• Smith began to teach logic and moral philosophy at the University of Glasgow.• Kant Kant's moral philosophy is sharply opposed to the moral sense approach of Hutcheson and Hume.• It is plain from all of this how moral philosophy is taken to depend on natural philosophy.• I am surprised that he did not cite as evidence in support of his case the moral philosophy of his own Monklands District Council.• Both theories are exercises in analytical moral philosophy which aspire to provide rational principles to support particular conceptions of just social arrangements.
moral value• They include judgment and moral values.• The concern of these groups has grown in response to a perceived widening of the gap between cherished moral values and actual day-to-day behaviour.• Individual beliefs about race, gender roles, moral values, and human nature are formed over a lifetime of experience.• Their moral values are a bit intolerant, too.• Speechwriters are not expected to have the same moral values as other people in political life.• Alternatively, the moral values of a particular group within the society under study may be adopted.• As are the author's stern moral values that are reflected on page after page of the novel.• Eight percent said a decline in moral values worried them the most.
moral2 ●○○ noun  
1  morals [plural]GOOD/MORAL principles or standards of good behaviour, especially in matters of sex 〔尤指男女问题上的〕道德准则[标准] → ethics
 the morals and customs of the Victorian period
维多利亚时期的道德标准和风俗习惯
 Values and morals are independent of religious faith.
价值观和道德观是独立于宗教信仰之外的。
 the corruption of public morals (=the standards of behaviour, especially sexual behaviour, expected by society)
公共道德的败坏
 a young woman of loose morals (=low standards of sexual behaviour – often used humorously)
水性杨花的年轻女子〔常为幽默用法〕
Examples from the Corpus
morals• The novel reflects the morals and customs of the time.
2  GOOD/MORAL[countableC] a practical lesson about what to do or how to behave, which you learn from a story or from something that happens to you 寓意，道德上的教训；教育意义 → message
moral of
 The moral of the film was that crime does not pay.
这部电影的寓意是犯罪没有好下场。
n THESAURUS
morals all of the basic ideas that a person or group of people has about what is morally good and right
The man has no morals at all.
He felt that society's morals were declining, as shown by increases in public drunkenness and violence.
morality ideas about what is right and wrong, and what is acceptable behaviour – used when talking about whether it is right to do a particular thing, or when talking about moral standards generally
Several advisers had very different views on the morality of the action (=on whether it was morally right).
They wanted to ban the film, on the grounds of protecting public morality.
ethics moral rules for deciding what is right and wrong – often used about this as a subject that people study and discuss
Doctors must follow a strict code of ethics.
I'm not sure about the ethics of using human embryos for research (=I'm not sure that it is morally right).
principles moral rules or beliefs about what is right and wrong, which make you decide what you should and should not do
He stuck to his principles and spoke out against injustice, despite the risks.
It's against their principles to kill any living thing.
values your ideas about what is important in life
During the 1960s, many young people rejected their parents' values.
He stressed the importance of spiritual values.
scruples beliefs about what is right and wrong that prevent you from doing bad things
She had no scruples about listening to their private conversation.
My scruples would not allow me to interfere in their relationship.
Examples from the Corpus
moral• There was a lot of public debate about the morality of the invasion.• So feel free to fill your children with lessons and morals from this story.• The doctor, whatever her politics and morals, had lovely skilful hands, which Phoebe could not but admire.• We repudiated entirely customary morals, conventions and traditional wisdom.• Warning rather than exhortation to virtue is the style of the fabliau morals.• But this putatively happy ending holds no morals for Cal.• Stricter morals also were more widely accepted in those days.• The moral is simple: do not let up until the time-up bell sounds.• These beautiful new books, filled with morals and happy endings, help us hold on to our storytelling heritage.
Origin moral1
(1300-1400) Latin moralis, from mos “what people usually or traditionally do”
mor·al1 adjectiveadj →n COLLOCATIONS1moral2 noun →n THESAURUS1
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