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IELTS BNC: 2150 COCA: 2287

gene

Word family 
Related topics: Biology, Microbes, genetics, biochem
gene /dʒiːn/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun [countableC]  
HBa part of a cell in a living thing that controls what it looks like, how it grows, and how it develops. People get their genes from their parents. 基因 → genetic
 human genes
人类基因
 the genes that regulate cell division
控制细胞分裂的基因
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
a dominant gene (=a gene that has its effect when there is only one copy of it)
The disease occurs when a child inherits a single dominant gene from a parent with the disease.
a recessive gene (=a gene that has its effect only when there are two copies of it)
The gene for blue eyes is recessive.
a defective/faulty gene (=a gene that does not work properly)
The disease is caused by a defective gene.
a human gene
The actual number of human genes is still in dispute.
verbs
have a gene
Identical twins have the same genes.
carry a gene (=have a gene that causes a medical condition which you can pass on to your children)
Some women carry a gene which makes them more likely to develop breast cancer.
pass on a gene (=pass a gene to your children)
All animals try to maximize their chances of passing on their genes to the next generation.
inherit a gene (=get a gene from your parents)
Children who inherit the defective gene seem normal at birth apart from a deformity of the toe.
identify/discover a gene (=find a particular gene which is responsible for something)
Scientists have identified a gene which seems to protect Chinese people from some types of cancer.
gene + NOUN
the gene pool (=all the genes in a particular species)
It is hoped that these new wolves will mate with the native population and increase the wolves' gene pool.
gene therapy (=using genes to treat diseases)
Scientists have successfully treated the disease using gene therapy.
Examples from the Corpus
gene• Furthermore, a rearrangement of the IRF-1 gene was identified in one additional patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.• Some women may carry a gene that increases the risk of breast cancer.• But because genes are also selected in the environment provided by other genes in different species, arms races develop.• Information is transferred by genes in much the same way as it is by words.• One possibility is that there are master genes whose products control the activity of many others.• Research has indicated that narcoleptics have a set of genes that are triggered by unknown factors to cause narcolepsy.• Both snail genes and fluke genes stand to gain from the snail's bodily survival, all other things being equal.• I could print out pictures of the insects' bodies, but I had lost their genes.• So, what determines whether these genes are transcribed?
Origin gene
(1900-2000) German gen, from Greek genos “birth, kind”
gene noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
IELTS BNC: 2150 COCA: 2287
gene

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + GENE | GENE + VERB | GENE + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤dominant, recessive顯性／隱性基因▸➤abnormal, defective, mutant畸形基因；有缺陷的基因；突變基因▸➤human人類基因VERB + GENE➤carry, have攜帶／具有基因◇people who carry the gene that causes this disease攜帶這種致病基因的人➤pass on遺傳基因◇The gene is passed on to their children.這種基因遺傳給了他們的孩子。➤inherit繼承基因➤identify, map識別基因；繪製基因圖◇We may be able to identify the genes responsible for disease resistance.我們也許能識別出抗病基因。GENE + VERB➤affect sth, be responsible for sth, cause sth, control sth, influence sth基因影響⋯；⋯歸因於基因；基因引起⋯；基因控制⋯◇Genes control the development of an embryo.基因控制胚胎發育。➤evolve, mutate基因進化／突變GENE + NOUN➤pool基因庫◇A gene pool of at least 300 animals is necessary to maintain a healthy tiger population.需要一個至少有 300 頭動物的基因庫才能維持一個健康的老虎種群。➤defect, mutation基因缺陷／突變◇Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突變是指 DNA 密碼的改變。➤sequence基因序列▸➤therapy基因治療PREPOSITION➤gene for⋯的基因◇An individual may pass on to future generations its genes for tallness.一個人身高的基因可能會遺傳給其後代。
IELTS BNC: 2150 COCA: 2287
IELTS BNC: 2150 COCA: 2287
gene
Genes and genetics: carrier, carry, chromosome...

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