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none

none1 /nʌn/ ●●● S1 W2 pronoun → nun
1  NONE/NOTHINGnot any amount of something or not one of a group of people or things 全無，沒有一點
I wish I could offer you some cake but there’s none left.
我真想能請你吃些蛋糕，但一點也沒剩的了。
Although these were good students, none had a score above 60.
雖然這些都是好學生，但是沒有一個考到60分以上。
She waited for a reply, but none came.
她等着答複，可是什麽也沒等到。
Even an old car is better than none.
有一輛舊車也比沒有車強。
none of
Despite her illness, she had lost none of her enthusiasm for life.
盡管身患疾病，但她對生活的熱情絲毫未減。
I know what people are saying – but none of it is true.
我知道人們在說什麽，但都不是真的。
None of my friends phones me anymore.
再也沒有朋友給我打電話了。
none at all/none whatsoever
‘Was there any mail?’ ‘No, none at all.’
“有沒有信件？”“沒，一封也沒有。”
2  will/would have none of something  (also be having none of something)FORBID used to say that someone refuses to allow someone to do something or to behave in a particular way 堅決不允許某人(做)某事；不接受某人(做)某事
We offered to pay our half of the cost but Charles would have none of it.
我們提出我們那一半費用自己出，但是查爾斯堅決不答應。
Examples from the Corpus
will/would have none of something• Pott would have none of it and, with the aid of his old friend Nourse, successfully set it himself.• But Kaptan would have none of it.• Surprised and shocked, the Soviet government would have none of it.• The world was going crazy and, or so it seemed, Trumptonshire would have none of it.• Stark would have none of that.• Kronecker would have none of this.
3  none but somebody literaryONLY only a particular person or type of person 只有某人(才…)
a task that none but a man of genius could accomplish
只有天才方能完成的任務
4  none other than somebody SURPRISEDused to emphasize that the person involved in something is famous, impressive, or surprising 正是某人〔表示強調〕
The mystery guest turned out to be none other than Cher herself.
神秘嘉賓原來就是雪兒她本人。
Examples from the Corpus
none other than somebody• Out of this union Persephone bears none other than Dionysos.• Faithless is the result of a close collaboration between Ullmann and her scriptwriter, who is none other than Ingmar Bergman.• That haunted offspring turns out to be none other than large Lawrence, in this raucous spoof of trash television.• It includes an early set of variations by none other than Ludwig van Beethoven, the program's one big name.• Why, look, gentlemen, it is none other than our young Pascal.• Another of McGrath's novels, Asylum, is being adapted for the screen by none other than Stephen King.• Its components are none other than the economic, political, military, royal, and bureaucratic branches of the social order.• Sources say Gumbel was summoned there by none other than the potentate of Microsoft himself, Bill Gates.
→ nonetheless, → second to none at second1(5), → bar none at bar3(2)
5 GRAMMAR 語法
When you are using none of before a plural noun or pronoun, you can use a plural or singular verb after it. You should use a singular verb in formal writing. none of用於複數的名詞或代詞之前，後面可以用複數或單數動詞，在正式文體中則應用單數動詞
None of us care (OR 或 cares) what happens to him.
我們誰都不關心他怎麽了。
Do not use another negative word (eg ‘not’) with none. none不應與其他否定詞(如not)連用
None of us is able to escape the consequences of our actions.
我們誰都無法逃避自己行爲所帶來的後果。
Use none to talk about a group of three or more things or people. none用於指三個或三個以上的人或物
We got 3 points and they got none (NOT 不說 they didn’t get none).
我們得了三分，他們一分未得。
To talk about two things or people, use neither. 指兩個人或物，用neither
I didn’t want any of them (NOT 不說 I didn’t want none of them).
這些我全都不要 。
None of my friends came.
我的朋友一個都沒來。
Neither of my parents wanted me to marry him.
我的父母都不想讓我嫁給他。
n Grammar
Negatives
Don’t use another negative word such as ‘not’ with none. You say:
We got 3 points and they got none.
我們得了三分，他們一分未得。
✗Don’t say: We got 3 points and they didn’t get none.
You can say not ... any instead of none:
We got 3 points and they didn’t get any.
Singular or plural verb?
You use none of before a plural noun or pronoun and a singular verb:
None of us is able to escape the consequences of our actions.
我們誰都無法逃避自己行爲所帶來的後果。
In informal English, people often use a plural verb after none of:
None of us care what happens to him.
我們誰都不關心他怎麽了。
 USAGE: None, neither
You use none to talk about a group of three or more things or people: none用於指三個或三個以上的人或物
None of my friends came.
我的朋友一個都沒來。
You use neither to talk about two things or people: 指兩個人或物，用neither
Neither of my parents wanted me to go.
我的父母都不想讓我嫁給他。
Examples from the Corpus
none of• She had inherited none of her mother's beauty.
none2 adverbadv
1  none the worse/better etc (for something) NOTnot any worse, better etc than before (某事)一點也沒有變得更差/更好等
She seems none the worse for her experience.
這次經歷好像對她沒有什麽不良影響。
Examples from the Corpus
none the worse/better etc (for something)• Although the animal glowed rosy-pink, it appeared none the worse for its ordeal.• I recovered, my mouth none the worse for it, after all.• Peter's little pet was clearly none the worse for its time in the underworld.
2  none the wiser not having any more understanding or knowledge about something than you had before 仍然不明白
I was none the wiser after his explanation.
他解釋過後我還是不明白。
Examples from the Corpus
none the wiser• I've read the instructions, but I'm still none the wiser.• They replaced the painting with a copy and the public was none the wiser.• After spending $ 88m in his two bids, he seemed none the wiser.• Tommy, unable to read, is none the wiser.• This goes on for several hours, and Blue is none the wiser for his efforts.
3  none too NOTnot at all 一點也不
I was none too pleased to have to take the exam again.
我要重考一次，根本高興不起來。
Examples from the Corpus
none too• And she was none too anxious to hear about the show.• Twenty years ago the treasurer's job was simple and none too arduous.• That a young boy of none too comfortable means would be impressed by all this worldly expertise is not difficult to imagine.• She saw the stragglers gather, none too enthusiastically, but not unwillingly, either, and waited for the last-comers.• His spiritual advisers were none too happy with his reliance on pagan practices, nor probably was his court favourite Buckingham.• In consequence, the level of the Party's blood sugar was low; their expectations none too high.• If the result is none too pleasant, it's time to do something about it.• Flavia, none too practised herself, managed to get the number.
Examples from the Corpus
none• If the result is none too pleasant, it's time to do something about it.
Origin none1
Old English nan, from ne- “not” + an “one”

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