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BNC: 5047 COCA: 5537
frighten

verb

frighten ♦︎ scare ♦︎ alarm ♦︎ terrify ♦︎ traumatize ♦︎ spookThese words all mean to make sb afraid. 这些词均表示使害怕、使恐惧。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达使人恐惧的程度
alarm➔frighten➔terrify
scaretraumatize
spook
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to frighten / scare sb / sth away / off◆to frighten / scare / terrify sb into doing sth◆It frightens / scares / alarms / terrifies me that...◆It frightens / scares / alarms / terrifies me to think, see, etc.■ frighten [transitive] to make sb feel afraid, often suddenly （常为突如其来地）使惊吓，使惊恐◆Stop it! You're frightening me!住手！你吓着我了！◆Oh sorry. I didn't mean to frighten you.哦，对不起，我没有吓唬你的意思。◆He brought out a gun and frightened them off.他掏出一把枪，把他们吓跑了。  see also frightened ⇨ afraid , fright ⇨ fear noun , intimidate ⇨ threaten 1 ■ scare [transitive] (rather informal) to frighten sb 使惊吓；使惊恐◆It scared me to think I was alone in the building.想到楼里只有我一个人，怪害怕的。◆They managed to scare the bears away.他们设法把那些熊吓跑了。◆ (informal) The very thought of flying scares him silly / stiff.光是想到坐飞机，他就吓傻了。   see also scared ⇨ afraid NOTE 辨析 Frighten or scare? Scare is slightly more informal than frighten, so it is used more in spoken than in written English. Both verbs can also be used without an object, but this is not very frequent. 比起frighten，scare略非正式，因此多用于口语而非书面语中。这两个动词均可不带宾语，但此用法不太常见◆He doesn't frighten / scare easily.他不是轻易能吓倒的。 It is more natural to say 下面的说法更自然◆Nothing frightens / scares him.什么也吓不倒他。or 或◆He doesn't get frightened / scared easily.他不是轻易能吓倒的。 ■ alarm [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to make sb anxious or afraid 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心◆It alarms me that nobody takes this problem seriously.没有人认真对待这个问题，这令我非常担心。◆The captain knew there was a problem but didn't want to alarm the passengers.船长知道出了问题，但他不想惊动乘客。ⓘ Alarm is used when sb has a feeling that sth unpleasant or dangerous might happen in the future; the feeling is often more one of worry than actual fear. * alarm用以描述感到不快或危险之事可能要发生的心情，多为忧虑而非真的害怕。   see also alarm ⇨ fear noun , alarmed ⇨ afraid , startle ⇨ surprise verb ■ terrify [transitive] to make sb feel extremely afraid 使极为恐惧；使十分害怕◆Flying terrified her.她很怕坐飞机。◆He terrified employees at the bank into handing over cash.他恐吓银行职员交出现金。  see also terrified ⇨ afraid ■ traumatize (BrE also traumatise) ˈtrɔːmətaɪz; NAmE ˈtraʊmətaɪz [transitive, usually passive] to make sb feel very upset, afraid or shocked, often making them unable to think or work normally 使受精神创伤◆We were traumatized by what we saw.我们所看到的景象令我们精神受创。◆He was traumatized for life.他的精神创伤终生未愈。   see also trauma ⇨ nightmare , traumatic ⇨ painful 2 ■ spook spuːk [transitive] (informal) to frighten a person or animal 吓，惊吓（人或动物）◆We were spooked by the strange noises and lights.那奇怪的声音和亮光把我们吓坏了。

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