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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1170 COCA: 1745

file

Word family 
Related topics: Tools, Computers
file1 /faɪl/ ●●● S1 W2 AWL noun [countableC]  
1  INFORMATIONa set of papers, records etc that contain information about a particular person or subject 档案，卷宗
file on
 Mendoza read over the file on the murders.
门多萨阅读了这几起凶杀案的卷宗。
 The FBI keeps files on former White House employees.
联邦调查局存有前白宫雇员的档案。
 We will keep your details on file (=store them for later use).
我们将把你的详细资料存档。
police/case/medical etc file
 a copy of the court file
一份法庭档案
2  KEEP/STOREa box or piece of folded card in which you store loose papers 文件箱；文件夹
 She pulled a blue file from the shelf.
她从架子上拉出一个蓝色文件夹。
3  INFORMATIONinformation on a computer that you store under a particular name 〔计算机的〕文件
 a list of all the files and folders on your hard disk
你硬盘上全部文件及文件夹的列表
4. TZa metal tool with a rough surface that you rub on something to make it smooth 锉刀 → nail file →5 see picture at 见图 tool1
5  LINEa line of people who are standing or walking one behind the other 纵列
file of
 a file of soldiers marching in step
齐步行进的一队士兵
in file
 It was dark as we set off in file.
等我们排着纵队出发时天已经黑了。
→ single file, rank and file
 COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 3: information on a computer that you store under a particular name 〔计算机的〕文件
verbs
open a file 打开文件
Click on the icon to open the file.
点击此图标打开文件。
close a file 关闭文件
You may need to close the file and restart the computer.
你或许得关闭文件，重启电脑。
save a file 保存文件
Save the file under a different filename.
将文件以另一个名称保存。
create a file 新建文件
I created a file of useful contacts.
我新建了一份实用联系人文件。
delete a file (=remove it) 删除文件
nI accidentally deleted the wrong file.
access a file (=open or read it) 存取文件
nYou won’t be able to access the file if another user has opened it.
edit a file (=make changes to it) 编辑文件
nI edited the file and saved it to the hard disk.
copy a file 复制文件
nTo copy a file, save it using a new filename.
move a file 移动文件
nHe was trying to move the file from one folder to another.
transfer a file (=move it from one computer system to another) 传输文件
nYou can transfer files and share your stuff with friends.
download a file (=move a copy of it from the Internet or another computer to your computer) 下载文件
nIt just takes a few seconds to download the file.
upload a file (=move a copy of it from your computer to the Internet or another computer) 上传文件
nRestart the web browser, and then upload the file.
load a file (=put it onto a computer) 载入文件
nDouble-click on the icon and it will load the zip file onto your computer.
send somebody a file (=send it using email) 发送文件给某人
nDo you want me to send you the file?
attach a file (=send it with an email) 附加文件
nSorry, I forgot to attach the file.
ncompress a file (=make it smaller so that it uses less space on a computer)
The program allows you to compress files.
NOUN + file
a computer file 计算机文件
Delete some of the old computer files and create some space on the hard drive.
删除一些旧电脑文件，把硬盘腾出空间。
a backup file (=a copy of a file, which is made in case the original becomes lost or damaged) 备份文件
You can burn your backup file to CD or DVD.
可以将备份文件刻录在CD或DVD上。
na text file
The text file contains hints on how to get the best out of the program.
na data file
The bigger the data file, the more time is needed to search it.
na graphics file
This handy utility allows you to change graphics files from one format to another.
Examples from the Corpus
file• The enemy succeeded in capturing myself and 2,200 rank and file, many of them being wounded.• Arriving at Polly's door, Jack checked the number one more time against the information in his file and knocked.• The FBI keeps files on all suspected terrorists.• Inside the window is a list of files contained inside the compressed file.• We keep copies of all applications on file.• Each attribute or set of related attributes is stored in its own file.• I put Callahan's file back in the drawer.• They allow you to get to the same file from many different folders without having to make copies of that file.• He turned to the last report made by the investigating officer before the file was consigned to Records.• The statistics are in the file called "stats.doc."• According to a letter in the files this man's name was Pavey.• I seem to have lost the file with all my personal records on it.• Could you bring me the file on the West murder, please?• Just click on the icon to open the file.• Only a few people are allowed to see these files.• a stack of blue and yellow files• It's a good idea to save your files to a floppy disk as a backup.
police/case/medical etc file• But only after everything is solved, another case filed away.• But it could have strategic value for a defense team facing the biggest case filed against an Aberdeen soldier to date.• I thanked him and left, taking with me copies of the statements in the Southwark Bridge case file.• For 20 years he was told the film was locked away in police files.• In 1982 pre-hearing assessments were requested in six percent of cases filed, about half by the tribunal of its own motion.• He discovered secret police files documenting drug abuse.• Some of them gave a different identity from the one contained in the case file.• By the vagaries of shuffling, one of the last sheets in the medical file was a report from an ophthalmologist.
Related topics: Tools, Daily life
file2 ●●○ S3 W3 AWL verb  
1  [transitiveT]KEEP/STORE to keep papers, documents etc in a particular place so that you can find them easily 把…归档[存档]
 The contracts are filed alphabetically.
这些合同是按字母顺序归档的。
file something under something
 I looked to see if anything was filed under my name.
我看了看，想知道是否有什么文档存在我的名下。
file something away
 The handbooks are filed away for future reference.
这些手册被存放起来以备将来参考。
2  [transitiveT] to give or send an official report or news story to your employer 〔向雇主〕提交〔报告或新闻〕
 The officer left the scene without filing a report.
警察没有提交报告就离开了现场。
3  [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep, transitiveT] lawRECORD to give a document to a court or other organization so that it can be officially recorded and dealt with 提起（诉讼）；提出（申请）
file a complaint/lawsuit/petition etc (against somebody)
 Mr Genoa filed a formal complaint against the department.
吉诺阿先生正式投诉了那个部门。
file for
 The Morrisons have filed for divorce.
莫里森夫妇已提出离婚申请。
 Today is the deadline for Americans to file their tax returns.
今天是美国人递交纳税申报单的截止日。
4  [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep]LINE if people file somewhere, they walk there in a line 排成纵队行走
 We began to file out into the car park.
我们鱼贯而出，去停车场。
 The mourners filed past the coffin.
吊唁者依次经过棺木。
5  [intransitiveI always + adverbadv/prepositionprep, transitiveT]TZD to use a metal or wooden tool to rub something in order to make it smooth 锉平，锉光滑
Examples from the Corpus
file• Slawa filed a copy of the contract he'd signed.• Federal indictments have been returned against 47 defendants, and state charges have been filed against 77.• All the students' records are filed alphabetically.• On the other hand, some accountants say they will bill clients if legal changes force them to file an amended return.• Once a complaint is received it is usually filed away and forgotten.• I filed away my notes and manuscripts.• Smith Corona files for Chapter 11.• Alice sat at her desk, filing her nails.• My father was, had cancer, he filed his claim, he had to wait his five months.• Barb, could you file these papers for me?• On Sept. 29,1995, an aggravated battery incident report was filed with Metro-Dade Police.
filed alphabetically• Each lexical item is given its own card and is filed alphabetically.• The reservation form and confirmation slip copy are then filed alphabetically in date of arrival order. 6.• These forms are filed alphabetically, the expiry date carefully noted and systematically cleared out after the expiry date has elapsed.
filed for divorce• Danielle has since filed for divorce.• Flinn says this guy lied to her, saying he was legally separated from his wife and had filed for divorce.• Like the dated documents that mark the summer Jerry and I filed for divorce.• Sam's split: Actor Ted Danson's wife has filed for divorce.• The very next day I saw a solicitor and filed for divorce.• They want us to believe irreconcilable differences are the reason she filed for divorce?• Though she has filed for divorce, Anne Mirretti, 38, asked the judge to have pity on her husband.• Packer has filed for divorce from his wife of 25 years.• But she filed for divorce in June last year after a series of violent rows.
From Longman Business Dictionary
filefile1 /faɪl/ noun [countableC]
1information about a person or subject that is kept by a company or other organization
I see from my files that we still have not received payment from you.
A credit reference agency is a company which keeps files on individuals’ debt records.
2on file if information is kept on file, it is kept so it can be used when it is needed
We will keep your application on file.
3OFFICEa box or a cover made of heavy paper or plastic, used to store papers, letters, or documents
Copies of every letter are kept in a file to record what was agreed.
→ box file
4COMPUTINGa collection of information on a computer that is stored under a particular name
Be careful not to delete (=remove) any important files.
You might want to rename the file at a later date.
Save a copy of the file to disk and send it to me.
→ data file → data interchange format file → log file → PDF file → PostScript file → program file → text file → web log file → zip file
filefile2 verb
1[transitiveT] to keep or put papers with information on them in a particular place, so that you can find them easily
The reservation form and confirmation slip are then filed alphabetically.
2[transitiveT]ACCOUNTING to officially send your accounts to the authorities
You could be prosecuted for failing to file your accounts before February 28.
→ see also pay and file
3[intransitiveI, transitiveT]LAW to officially record a complaint, law case, official document etc
Chevron filed a lawsuit to remove Pennzoil as a shareholder.
America’s federal bankruptcy code was rewritten in order to make it easier tofile for bankruptcy (=inform the authorities that a business is bankrupt).
Origin file1
1. (1500-1600) French fil “thread”, from Latin filum (because documents were stored on pieces of string).
2. Old English feol
file1 noun →COLLOCATIONS1file2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1170 COCA: 1745
file

noun¹

 1collection of papers一批文件ADJECTIVE | ... OF FILES | VERB + FILE | FILE + VERB | FILE + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤bulging, bulky, thick鼓鼓的／大量的／厚厚的卷宗▸➤box, card, lever-arch, Manila, paper盒式卷宗；卡片目錄；快勞夾；牛皮紙文件夾；紙質文件夾◇six box files bulging with notes6 個裝滿筆記鼓鼓囊囊的盒式卷宗➤official官方檔案▸➤confidential, personal, secret機密／個人／秘密檔案▸➤detailed詳細的檔案▸➤case案件檔◇The work involves preparing case files and attending court.需要做的工作包括整理案件檔和出庭。➤information信息文件▸➤client, customer, personnel當事人／客戶／人事檔案▸➤court, newspaper, office, police, security法庭檔案；報紙檔案；辦公室文件；警方檔案；保密文件➤medical病歷... OF FILES➤box, stack一盒／一堆文件◇A stack of files awaited me on my desk.桌子上有一堆文件等着我。VERB + FILE➤have, keep, maintain存有／保管／保存檔案◇The company keeps secret files on all its employees.這家公司保存所有員工的機密資料。◇Personnel files are kept in secure storage.人事檔案存放在安全的地方。➤keep sth on將⋯存檔◇Your application will be kept on file (= kept for possible future use).你的申請會存檔（以備日後查看）。➤collate, compile, prepare整理檔案；搜集資料；準備文件◇He had compiled a file of largely circumstantial evidence.他已搜集了一些證據資料，大部份為間接證據。➤enter sth into (especially BrE) 把⋯記入檔案◇The details of the incident will be entered into the file.這一事件的詳情將會記入檔案。➤open建立檔案◇The police have opened a file on the case.警方已立案調查。➤close封存檔案；合上檔案◇The file on the murder was closed five years ago.這起謀殺案的檔案已於 5 年前封存。◇She closed the file and put it aside.她合上檔案放到一邊。➤reopen重開檔案◇Police have reopened the file on the missing girl.警方對失踪女孩已重新展開調查。➤review複查檔案▸➤update更新檔案◇It is important to update customer files.更新客戶檔案很重要。➤pull, pull out, remove, take out取出／抽取／移走／拿出檔案◇She went to the filing cabinet and took out a file.她走到檔案櫃那兒，拿出了一份檔案。➤check, examine, go through, look at, read, scan核查／檢查／查閱／查看／閱讀／審視檔案◇I'll check the files for any information on the case.我會查一下檔案，看有沒有和這個案件相關的信息。➤burn, destroy燒掉／毀壞檔案FILE + VERB➤contain sth檔案中包含⋯FILE + NOUN➤cabinet, drawer (both NAmE) (filing cabinet in BrE) 檔案櫃；文件櫃➤folder檔案夾➤clerk (NAmE) 檔案員PREPOSITION➤in a/the file在檔案裏◇the information contained in the police files警方檔案中的信息➤on file存檔◇All the details of the transaction are on file.交易的所有細節都有存檔。➤file on關於⋯的檔案◇The police already have a thick file on that family.警方已經掌握了有關那個家庭的厚厚一本資料。
file

noun²

 2on a computer/disk計算機；磁盤ADJECTIVE | ... OF FILES | VERB + FILE | FILE + VERB | FILE + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤large很大的電子文檔▸➤computer, digital, electronic計算機／數字化／電子文件▸➤data, database, document, spreadsheet, text數據／數據庫／文檔／電子表格／文本文件➤executable, program可執行文件；程序文件➤system系統文件➤audio, music, sound聲音／音樂／音響電子文檔➤graphics, image圖像／形象電子文檔➤multimedia多媒體電子文檔➤video視頻電子文檔▸➤master主文件▸➤backup備份文件◇to make / take a backup file建立備份文件➤log日誌文件▸➤HTML, PDF, etc. * HTML 文件、PDF 文件等➤compressed, ZIP壓縮文件➤infected被病毒感染的電子文檔➤help幫助文件... OF FILES➤directory, list, set電子文檔目錄／列表／系列VERB + FILE➤create創建文件➤download, upload下載／上傳文件▸➤hold sth in, store sth in將⋯貯存在文件中◇the information held in this file貯存在該文件中的信息➤close, open關閉／打開文件▸➤save保存文件▸➤load載入文件➤install安裝文件▸➤access, read, view訪問文件；讀文件；看文件◇You need a special password to access this file.要輸入特定密碼才能打開這份文檔。➤back up, copy備份／複製文件▸➤edit, modify編輯／修改文件▸➤delete, erase刪除文件▸➤delete sth from從文件中刪除⋯◇Data has been deleted from this file.數據已從該文檔中刪除。➤name, rename命名／重新命名文件▸➤recover, retrieve恢復／檢索文件◇how to recover deleted files如何恢復已刪除的文件➤hold, store保存文件◇The files are stored in Mac format.這些文檔以 Mac （機器輔助識別）格式保存。➤compress壓縮文件▸➤send, transfer發送／傳送文件◇Files are transferred between workstations.文件在工作站之間傳送。➤export, import輸出／輸入文件➤share共享文件➤attach附加文件➤overwrite覆蓋文件➤encrypt給文件加密FILE + VERB➤contain sth文件裏包含有⋯FILE + NOUN➤name文件名▸➤format, size文件格式／大小▸➤server文件服務器➤sharing文件共享➤system文件系統➤transfer文件傳送➤extension文件擴展名➤manager文件管理員PREPOSITION➤in a/the file在文件中◇The names and addresses are all kept in computer files.所有的姓名和地址都保存在電腦文件中。  ➡ topic at computer
file

verb¹

 1put sth in a file歸檔ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤alphabetically按字母順序歸檔➤electronically進行電子歸檔➤mentally將⋯記在心裏◇She mentally filed the name away for later.她把這個名字記在心裏，以便以後用。➤away存檔◇These notes should be carefully filed away for future reference.這些記錄應認真歸檔，以便日後查閱。PREPOSITION➤under在⋯名下歸檔◇The card is filed alphabetically under the name of the editor.卡片按編輯者姓名的字母順序歸檔。
file

verb²

 2record sth officially存檔ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤formally, officially正式提出◇He has now formally filed a complaint against the police.他已經正式提出對警方的投訴。➤jointly共同提出PREPOSITION➤for申請◇to file for bankruptcy / divorce申請破產／離婚➤with送交⋯備案◇A copy of the notice must be filed with the court.必須將通知副本送交法院備案。
file

verb³

 3walk in line列隊行走ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤silently默默列隊行走▸➤out, past魚貫而出；排隊通過◇The long line of mourners filed silently past.一長隊哀悼者默默地走過。PREPOSITION➤in, into, out of, past, through魚貫而入；列隊進入；列隊走出；列隊經過；列隊穿過
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1170 COCA: 1745
file noun
⇨ document (confidential files) ⇨ envelope (a box file) ⇨ row (in single file)file verb
⇨ classify (filed alphabetically) ⇨ present 3 (file a lawsuit)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1170 COCA: 1745

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