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BNC: 246 COCA: 292

include

Word family 
in·clude /ɪnˈkluːd/ ●●● S1 W1 verb [transitiveT]
1  INCLUDEif one thing includes another, the second thing is part of the first 包括，包含
Does the price include postage?
這個價格包含郵費嗎？
His job includes looking after under-21 teams.
他的職責包括照管21歲以下球隊。
The curriculum includes courses in computing.
課程内容包括計算機技術。
2  INCLUDEto make someone or something part of a larger group or set 將…列爲…的一部分；把…算入 OPP exclude
The team is stronger now they’ve included Roscoe.
羅斯科加入後，現在隊伍的實力更強了。
include something in/on something
Service is included in the bill.
賬單包括服務費。
Would you include a mobile phone on your list of essentials?
你的基本用品清單上包括随身聽嗎？
n Grammar
Prepositions with include
You include someone or something in a group, total, statement etc:
Insurance is included in the price.
✗Don’t say: Insurance is included on the price.
You include something or someone on a list:
His name was included on the team sheet.
Using the progressive
Include is not used in the progressive. You say:
The book includes a chapter on Europe.
✗Don’t say: The book is including a chapter on Europe.
However, the present participle including is very commonly used as a preposition:
It costs $150 including tax.
Examples from the Corpus
include• The price of the computer includes £500 worth of free software.• The toy has flashing lights and a siren noise, but batteries are not included.• Electrical systems had to be updated to install all the new equipment, which also includes a couple of freezers.• The sample tasks all include a measurement context in which decimals have to be ordered.• Today's programme will include a workshop on language learning games.• The price for the hotel includes breakfast.• These include generating and managing reports, building and printing labels, and creating and using custom forms.• You don't have to pay for your flights - they're included in the price of your holiday.• His sovereignty is not confined to the created order but includes political powers.• Early attempts to fortify rice included riboflavin along with the other constituents.• The team is looking strong, especially now that they have included Roscoe.• Our tour party included several young families.• They also prepare financial reports for nonmanagement groups, including stockholders, creditors, regulatory agencies, and tax authorities.• Even if you include the cost of food, it's still a cheap vacation.• Symptoms of the disease include tiredness and loss of memory.• I have included two jazz numbers in my selection.• Other favorites include unit housing makers Nagawa Co.• Could we maybe include Wendell in the game?
include something in/on something• Why did they include Baltimore on the list?
From Longman Business Dictionary
includein·clude /ɪnˈkluːd/ verb [transitiveT]
if something includes something else, the second thing is part of the first thing
The price includes shipping and handling.
include something in something
The auditors included the restructuring charge of $9 million in the final assessment of the accounts.
—including prepositionprep
The current staff numbers 40 attorneys, including 10 partners.
Origin include
(1400-1500) Latin includere, from claudere “to close”
BNC: 246 COCA: 292
BNC: 246 COCA: 292
include verb
⇨ include 1 (The price includes tax.) ⇨ include 2 (Some people, and I include myself…)include1

verb

 Does the price include tax? 這個價錢是否包括稅款？Some people, and I include myself... 有些人，我也算一個⋯include ♦︎ contain ♦︎ cover ♦︎ incorporate ♦︎ encompass ♦︎ involve ♦︎ build sth in(to sth) ♦︎ embrace ♦︎ take sth inThese words all mean to have sb/sth as a part of sth or make sb/sth a part of sth. 這些詞均表示包括、包含或納入、並入。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to include / contain / incorporate / involve sth in sth◆to incorporate / build sth into sth◆to be included / covered / incorporated / encompassed as sth◆to contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace particular aspects of sth◆to include / contain / cover / incorporate / encompass particular material◆to include / contain / incorporate particular features◆to cover / encompass / embrace particular subjects / issues◆to contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace a (wide) range of things◆to include / contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace the whole of sth◆to directly cover / encompass / involve sth◆to cover / incorporate / encompass / involve sb / sth fully■ include [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用於進行時) to have sb/sth as a part of sth; to make sb/sth part of sth 包括；包含；使成爲⋯的一部分◆The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.這次遊覽的行程之一是參觀科學博物館。◆Does the price include tax?這個價錢是否包括稅款？◆Your duties will include typing letters and answering the phone.你的職責包括打信件和接電話。◆You should include some examples in your essay.你應該在文章裏舉一些例子。◆We all went, me included.我們都去了，連我在内。◆Representatives from the country were included as observers at the conference.這個國家的代表被列爲會議的觀察員。ⓘ When include means 'to have sb/sth as a part of sth', it is not used in the progressive tenses. * include表示“包括、包含”時不用於進行時◆Is the price including tax? OPP exclude ⇨ exclude 1   see also inclusive ⇨ overall ▸ including

preposition

 (abbreviation incl.) ◆It's £7.50, including tax.共計7.50英鎊，含稅。 OPP excluding ⇨ exclude verb 1 ▸ inclusion ɪnˈkluːʒn

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆His inclusion in the team is in doubt.他能否入選該隊還未定案。◆There were some surprising inclusions in the list.名單中包括一些意想不到的人。 OPP exclusion ⇨ exclude verb 1 ■ contain [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) to have sth inside or as part of sth 包含；含有；容納◆This drink doesn't contain any alcohol.這種飲料不含任何酒精。◆The bottle contains (= can hold) two litres.此瓶容量爲兩升。◆He handed over a brown envelope containing a hundred dollar bills.他交出了一個裝有一百元鈔票的棕色信封。◆Her statement contained one or two inaccuracies.她的陳述有一兩處不準確。■ cover [transitive] to include sth; to deal with sth 包括；包含；涉及；處理◆The survey covers all aspects of the business.調查涉及這家企業的各個方面。◆The lectures covered a lot of ground (= a lot of material or subjects).這些講座涉及的内容極爲豐富。◆He manages the sales team covering the northern part of the country (= selling to people in that area).他負責管理該國北部地區的銷售團隊。◆Do the rules cover (= do they apply to) a case like this?這些規則適用於這種情況嗎？ⓘ When cover means 'to include sth' it is not used in the progressive tenses. * cover表示“包括、包含”時不用於進行時◆The survey is covering all aspects of the business.   see also be about sth ⇨ apply 2 ▸ coverage ˈkʌvərɪdʒ

noun

 [uncountable] ◆magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics包含大量飲食與健康主題的雜志■ incorporate ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt; NAmE ɪnˈkɔːrpəreɪt [transitive] (rather formal) to include sth so that it forms a part of sth 將⋯包括在内；吸收；使並入◆Many of your suggestions have been incorporated into the plan.你的很多建議已納入計劃中。◆The new car design incorporates all the latest safety features.新的汽車設計包括了所有最新的安全配備。■ encompass ɪnˈkʌmpəs [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) (formal) to include a large number or range of things 包含，包括，涉及（大量事物）◆The job encompasses a wide range of responsibilities.這項工作涉及的職責範圍很廣。◆The group encompasses all ages.這個小組各種年齡的人都有。■ involve [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) to make sb take part in sth 使參加；使加入◆We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.我們希望參加慶典的人越多越好。◆Parents should involve themselves in their children's education.父母應當參與孩子的教育。 OPP exclude ⇨ exclude 2   see also involvement ⇨ involvement ■ ˌbuild sth ˈin■ ˌbuild sth ˈinto sth

phrasal verb

(built, built) [often passive] to make sth a permanent part of a structure, plan or system 使⋯成爲（結構、計劃或體系的）組成部分◆We're having new closets built in.我們的新壁櫥是嵌入式的。◆The pipes were built into the concrete.管子固定在混凝土裏。◆A certain amount of flexibility needs to be built into the system.該系統需要加入一定的靈活性。▸ ˌbuilt-ˈin

adjective

 [only before noun] ◆built-in wardrobes / closets / cupboards / units嵌入式衣櫥／壁櫥／櫥櫃／整體廚房■ embrace ɪmˈbreɪs [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) (formal) to cover or include sth; to unite different things 包括；包含；涵蓋◆The talks embraced a wide range of issues.這些談話涉及的問題非常廣泛。◆The word 'mankind' embraces men, women and children.“人類”一詞包括男人、女人和孩子。■ ˌtake sth ˈin

phrasal verb

(took, taken) [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) to include sth, especially a place on a trip 包括，包含（尤指旅行所到之地）◆The tour takes in six European capitals.這次旅遊涵蓋六個歐洲國家的首都。include2

verb

 Does the price include tax? 這個價錢是否包括稅款？Some people, and I include myself... 有些人，我也算一個⋯include ♦︎ count ♦︎ numberThese words all mean to consider sb/sth as part of a larger group. 這些詞均表示列入、計算在内。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to include sb / count (sb) / number (sb) as / among sb / sth◆to include / count / number yourself as / among sb / sth■ include [transitive] to consider sb/sth to be part of a larger group 列入；把⋯計算在内◆Quite a few members are worried and I include myself among them.相當多的成員感到擔心，包括我自己在内。◆Helpers at the event included students from a local school, as well as their parents.在這次活動中幫忙的人包括當地一所學校的學生和他們的父母。▸ including

preposition

 (abbreviation incl.) ◆Six people were killed in the riot, including a policeman.六人在暴亂中喪生，包括一名警察。OPP excluding ■ count [transitive] to include sb/sth when you calculate a total; to include sb/sth in a particular group 把⋯算入；包括；列入◆We have invited 50 people, not counting the children.不算小孩，我們已邀請了50人。◆I count him among my closest friends.我把他看作我最親密的朋友之一。■ number [transitive, intransitive] (formal) to include sb/sth in a particular group; to be included in a particular group 把⋯算作；（被）歸入◆I number her among my closest friends.我把她視爲我最親密的朋友之一。◆He numbers among the best classical actors in Britain.他是英國最好的古典劇目演員之一。
BNC: 246 COCA: 292
include
To contain something: include, contents, contain...
To include something or someone: include, take in, involve...

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