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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984

challenge

Word family 
Related topics: Law
chal·lenge1 /ˈtʃæləndʒ/ ●●● S2 W2 AWL noun  
1  STH difficult 困难的事 [countableC, uncountableU]DIFFICULT something that tests strength, skill, or ability, especially in a way that is interesting 挑战，具有挑战性的事物
challenge of
 The company is ready to meet the challenges of the next few years.
公司已准备好迎接今后几年的挑战。
the challenge of doing something
 I relish the challenge of rebuilding the club.
我从重建俱乐部的挑战中获得乐趣。
face/take on/accept etc a challenge (=be ready to deal with one) 面对/接受等挑战
 Martins now faces the biggest challenge of his career.
马丁斯现在面临他事业上最大的挑战。
meet a challenge/rise to a challenge (=successfully deal with one) 迎接挑战
 a new and vibrant initiative to meet the challenge of the 21st century
一项迎接21世纪挑战的令人兴奋的新举措
intellectual/physical challenge
 the intellectual challenge of postgraduate research
研究生研究工作在智力上的挑战
2  question STH 质疑某事 [countableC]ACCEPT when someone refuses to accept that someone or something is right and legal 〔对某人或某事的正确性、合法性等的〕质疑
challenge to
 a direct challenge to the Governor’s authority
对总督权威的直接质疑
challenge from
 The president faces a strong challenge from nationalists.
总统面临民族主义者的强烈质疑。
pose/represent/present a challenge (to somebody)
 The strike represented a serious challenge to the government.
此次罢工是对政府的严峻挑战。
mount/launch a challenge
 They decided to mount a legal challenge to the decision.
他们决定对这项判决提出上诉。
3  competition 竞争ASK FOR something/ASK somebody TO DO something [countableC] when someone tries to win something or invites someone to try to beat them in a fight, competition etc 挑战，〔比赛等的〕提议，邀请
challenge for
 They are ready to mount a challenge for the championship.
他们准备发起挑战争夺冠军。
 They threw down the challenge that he couldn’t wash 40 cars in one hour (=invited him to try to do it).
他们激将他，说他不可能在1小时内擦洗40辆汽车。
 The prime minister narrowly avoided a leadership challenge last year.
去年首相侥幸避过了一次对他领导地位的挑战。
4. stop 停止 [countableC]ASK FOR something/ASK somebody TO DO something a demand from someone such as a guard to stop and give proof of who you are, and an explanation of what you are doing 喝停盘问
5. in law 法律方面 [countableC]SCT law a statement made before the start of a court case that a juror is not acceptable 〔开庭前〕反对某人任陪审团成员的声明
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
meet a challenge (=deal with one)
Here are a few tips to help you meet the challenges of university life.
face a challenge (=have to deal with one)
The company still faces some challenges.
accept a challenge (=try to deal with one)
He was ready to accept new challenges.
take on a challenge (=accept one)
The new headteacher has taken on the challenge of improving the school.
present/pose a challenge (=be a difficult one)
These changes pose a real challenge to farmers.
provide a challenge (=be an interesting one)
Her new job provided a real challenge.
rise to a challenge (=deal successfully with it)
It was a difficult project but we rose to the challenge.
love/enjoy/relish a challenge
Children enjoy a challenge so the work should not be too easy.
adjectives
a big/major/huge/tremendous challenge
Building the tunnel presented a major challenge to engineers.
a serious challenge
At the moment we are facing a serious environmental challenge.
a real challenge (=a difficult one)
On Monday, Sharapova faced her first real challenge of the tournament.
a formidable/daunting/tough challenge (=a very difficult one)
How to deal with waste is a daunting challenge for the west.
the biggest challenge of something
This could be the biggest challenge of his career.
an intellectual/physical/technical etc challenge
I love the physical challenge of climbing.
Examples from the Corpus
challenge• Overcoming a natural resistance to change is a challenge faced by many companies that want to progress.• His biggest challenge with this unit will be motivation.• Our city challenge and other inner-city initiatives were enthusiastically received by local authorities and the private sector - particularly in the north-east.• How to preserve that involvement in an egalitarian context is one of the great challenges of modern society.• Deceptively strong, he can surprise opponents by riding heavy challenges.• It was an interesting challenge and I responded with alacrity.• Her legal challenge has been taken over by another prospective Citadel cadet, Nancy Mellette.• Holyfield accepted Lewis' challenge to fight for the title.• In grade school, Clint was a real challenge to all of his teachers.• Each lawyer may issue up to six challenges.• I like the challenge of learning new things.• This chapter has concentrated on the challenges of bureau work.
the challenge of doing something• He loves the area and the fans, loves the challenge of trying to craft a winner out of dubious ingredients.• If you are primarily interested in the challenge of leadership, you might begin with Chapters 11 and / or 4.• In facing the challenge of drug abuse, the media have never been less monolithic.• It is only by offering women real choices that we can begin to meet the challenges of Hindutva.• It was enough to see off the challenge of unlucky Wimbledon in this replay at Selhurst Park.• Like all agencies operating in a squeezed market, it faces the challenge of achieving corporate growth.• So I knew I wanted a partner to share the challenge of having a business.• That was one of the challenges of his life.
challenge to• The court will hear a challenge to a ban on write-in votes.
threw down ... challenge• It was they, not we, who threw down the challenge.
Related topics: Law
challenge2 ●●● S3 W3 AWL verb [transitiveT]  
1  question STH 质疑某事ACCEPT to refuse to accept that something is right, fair, or legal 质疑〔某事物的正确性、合法性等〕，对…表示怀疑
 a boy with a reputation for challenging the authority of his teachers
一个以挑战老师权威而出名的男孩
challenge a view/an idea/an assumption etc
 Viewpoints such as these are strongly challenged by environmentalists.
类似这样的观点遭到环境保护主义者的强烈质疑。
 They went to the High Court to challenge the decision.
他们就这项判决向高等法院提出上诉。
challenge somebody to do something
 I challenge Dr. Carver to deny his involvement!
我看卡弗医生敢不敢否认此事与他有关！
2  competition 竞争ASK FOR something/ASK somebody TO DO something to invite someone to compete or fight against you, or to try to win something 向…挑战；邀请〔某人〕比赛 → challenger, dare
challenge somebody to something
 After lunch, Carey challenged me to a game of tennis.
午饭后，凯里邀请我和他比一场网球。
challenge for
 Liverpool are challenging for the title (=in a position where they could win).
利物浦队要挑战冠军。
3  STH difficult 困难的事DIFFICULT to test the skills or abilities of someone or something 考验…的技术[能力]；激发；激励 SYN stimulate
4  stop SB 使某人停下PROVE to stop someone and demand proof of who they are, and an explanation of what they are doing 喝停盘问〔某人的身份、意图等〕
5. in law 法律方面SCT law to state before the start of a court case that a juror is not acceptable 〔开审前〕反对…担任陪审团成员
—challenger noun [countableC]
 Lewis is his main challenger for the world title.
刘易斯是他争夺世界冠军头衔的最大挑战者。
Examples from the Corpus
challenge• We were challenging all the traditional methods of testing for poisons.• That claim has been challenged and much debated, but it seems to hold up.• Guards were ordered to challenge anyone entering the building.• Many doctors have challenged the accuracy of his findings.• Owner Fred Davies is challenging the council after being refused permission to convert the ailing hotel into a nursing home.• Billboard companies say they will challenge the new law in court.• The beatitudes are counter-cultural, because they correct and challenge the ways in which we understand happiness.• I challenge this assumption, and question the push into Putumayo.• He's a good choir director - he really challenges us.
challenge ... decision• The local presbytery agreed, but 10 area churches challenged the decision.
challenge somebody to something• She challenged him to a race and won.
From Longman Business Dictionary
challengechal·lenge /ˈtʃæləndʒ/ noun [countableC]
1ACCOUNTINGa careful check of the cash and shares etc held by the employees of a company, as part of an official check to discover if there has been any dishonesty
2something difficult that you feel determined to solve or achieve
Now the company’s challenge is to work out a plan to settle its $1.5 billion in debts.
Population growth is the most formidable challenge facing the nation.
3a refusal to accept that something is right and legal
The suit is a major challenge to Georgia’s election laws.
Origin challenge2
(1200-1300) Old French chalengier “to accuse”, from Latin calumniari “to accuse falsely”, from calumnia; → CALUMNY
chal·lenge1 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1challenge2 verb
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984
challenge

noun¹

 1sth new and difficult新而困難的事ADJECTIVE | VERB + CHALLENGE | CHALLENGE + VERB ADJECTIVE➤big, considerable, enormous, great, huge, monumental, radical, real, serious, significant巨大的挑戰；嚴峻的考驗；重大的挑戰▸➤daunting, difficult, formidable, stiff, tough令人畏懼的／難對付的／棘手的／強有力的／強硬的挑戰◇The army faced the daunting challenge of fighting a war on two fronts.軍隊面臨要在兩條戰線作戰的嚴峻挑戰。➤fundamental, key, main, major, primary, ultimate根本的／關鍵的／主要的／重大的／首要的／最終的挑戰▸➤fresh, new, unprecedented新挑戰；前所未有的挑戰➤constant, continuing, ongoing不斷的／持續的／發展着的挑戰➤future未來的挑戰▸➤exciting, interesting令人興奮的／有意思的挑戰➤special, unique特殊的／獨特的挑戰▸➤economic, engineering, environmental, intellectual, logistical, physical, political, technical, technological經濟上的挑戰；工程上的挑戰；環境上的挑戰；智力上的挑戰；後勤上的挑戰；身體上的挑戰；政治上的挑戰；技術上的挑戰◇Getting the instrument built and tested was a major technical challenge.製作和測試這樣的儀器是很大的技術挑戰。➤global全球性的挑戰VERB + CHALLENGE➤be, constitute, remain, represent是挑戰；構成挑戰；仍然是挑戰；意味着挑戰◇The competitive market represents significant challenges for farmers.競爭激烈的市場對農民意味着很大的挑戰。➤create, offer, pose, present, provide, raise形成挑戰；提出挑戰；構成挑戰；準備好挑戰；提起挑戰▸➤address, confront, face, handle, meet, respond to, rise to, tackle, take on, take up應對挑戰；面對挑戰；處理挑戰；迎接挑戰；回應挑戰；起而應對挑戰；着手對付挑戰；接受挑戰◇The gallery has risen to the challenge of exhibiting the works of young artists.該美術館已做好準備以應對展出年輕藝術家作品的挑戰。◇He has taken on some exciting new challenges with this job.他已經接受了這份工作帶來的一些令人興奮的新挑戰。➤overcome, solve戰勝困難；解決棘手的問題➤enjoy, relish, welcome樂於對付／喜歡／歡迎挑戰CHALLENGE + VERB➤confront sb, face sb某人面臨考驗◇the challenges facing nurses in casualty急診室護士面臨的挑戰➤arise, exist, remain挑戰出現／存在／仍然存在◇She could always be counted on when a challenge arose.有困難的時候總是可以依靠她。➤lie挑戰在於◇The challenge lies in creating a demand for the product.挑戰在於使人們對該產品有所需求。
challenge

noun²

 2call for sb to fight, prove sth, etc.挑戰；質疑ADJECTIVE | VERB + CHALLENGE | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤effective, serious, strong有力的質詢；嚴重的質疑▸➤direct直接的質疑▸➤constitutional, legal合乎憲法的／合法的質詢▸➤leadership, title對領導地位的挑戰；稱號／錦標挑戰賽◇his title challenge to the heavyweight champion他向重量級冠軍發起挑戰的比賽VERB + CHALLENGE➤be, constitute, present, represent質問；提出質詢；表示質疑◇The demonstration represents a direct challenge to the new law.這次示威是對新法律的直接質疑。➤file, issue, mount, raise提出質疑；發起挑戰◇plans to mount a leadership challenge within the party在黨內挑戰領導地位的計劃➤accept, take up接受挑戰◇I accepted his challenge to a game of chess.我接受他的挑戰，與他下一盤棋。➤answer回應質疑◇He was answering challenges to the government's policy.他在回應對政府政策的質詢。➤beat off, fight off擊退／擊敗挑戰◇Our team will have to fight off the challenge from better trained teams.我們必須打敗比我們更訓練有素的隊伍的挑戰。➤survive, withstand承受住／經受住挑戰PREPOSITION➤challenge from⋯發出的挑戰◇a challenge from the other political party另外一個政黨發出的挑戰➤challenge to對⋯的質疑◇a legal challenge to the President's power對總統權力的合法質詢
challenge

verb¹

 1question whether sth is right/true質疑ADVERB | VERB + CHALLENGE | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤directly, openly, publicly直接／公開／當眾質疑◇The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.報紙直接質疑政府的合法性。➤seriously, vigorously嚴肅地／激烈地質疑▸➤effectively有力地質疑◇She was effectively challenging the whole basis on which society was run.她對社會運轉的整個基礎提出了有力的質疑。➤successfully成功地質疑◇The story was completely untrue and was successfully challenged in court.這個陳述完全不真實，在法庭上被成功地揭穿了。➤constantly, continually, repeatedly不斷地／不停地／反覆地質疑VERB + CHALLENGE➤seek試圖質疑◇Harley sought to challenge the jurisdiction of the court.哈利試圖質疑該法院的審判權。PREPOSITION➤on對⋯的質疑◇She challenged him on his old-fashioned views.她不同意他的老派觀點。
challenge

verb²

 2invite sb to compete, argue, etc.挑戰ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤seriously認真地提出挑戰◇No one has seriously challenged the champion.從來沒有人真正地挑戰過這個冠軍。➤successfully, unsuccessfully成功地／未能成功地挑戰PREPOSITION➤for就⋯而挑戰◇She was poised to challenge for the party leadership.她已準備好競爭黨內領導地位。➤to對⋯的挑戰◇The count challenged him to a duel.伯爵邀他決鬥。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984
challenge verb
⇨ challenge (challenge sb to a game of chess) ⇨ confront (challenged by police) ⇨ doubt (challenge an assumption)challenge noun
⇨ problem challenge

verb

challenge ♦︎ dare ♦︎ throw down the gauntletThese words all mean to invite sb to fight or compete with you, or do sth that you think they may be afraid to do. 这些词均表示挑战某人或激发某人做某事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to challenge / dare sb to do sth■ challenge ˈtʃæləndʒ [transitive] to invite sb to enter a competition or fight; to suggest strongly that sb should do sth, especially when you think that they might be unwilling to do it 向（某人）挑战；（尤指在对方不情愿时）强烈建议（某人做某事）◆Mike challenged me to a game of chess.迈克硬要和我在棋盘上一决高下。◆The opposition leader challenged the prime minister to call an election.反对党领袖强烈要求首相宣布进行选举。   see also challenger ⇨ participant ▸ challenge

noun

 [countable] ◆She took up his challenge.她接受了他的挑战。■ dare [transitive] to try to persuade sb to do sth dangerous, difficult or embarrassing so that they can show that they are not afraid 激（某人做某事）；问（某人）有没有胆量（做某事）◆Go on! Take it! I dare you.来呀！接受吧！我谅你也不敢。◆Some of the older boys had dared him to do it.几个大男孩激他做这事。▸ dare

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆ (BrE) He climbed onto the roof for a dare.他受到激将爬上了房顶。 (NAmE) ◆She learned to fly on a dare.她在激将下学会了驾驶飞机。■ throw down the ˈgauntlet

idiom

(threw, thrown)to invite sb to fight or compete with you 发出挑战◆She has thrown down the gauntlet to the newspaper by accusing it of libel.她向那家报社发出挑战，控告他们诽谤。 OPP take up the gauntlet ⓘ To take up the gauntlet is to accept sb's invitation to fight or compete. * take up the gauntlet指接受挑战◆His Republican rival may be expected to take up the gauntlet.据猜测，他的共和党竞争对手可能会接受挑战。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984

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