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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 905 COCA: 1780

circumstance

Word family
cir·cum·stance /ˈsɜːkəmstæns, -stəns $ ˈsɜːr-/ ●●● S2 W1 AWL noun  
1 [countableC usually plural]SITUATION the conditions that affect a situation, action, event etc 情况,情形
 The Soviet Union had been forced by circumstances to sign a pact with Nazi Germany.
苏联为形势所迫同纳粹德国签订了一项条约。
 I can’t imagine a circumstance in which I would be willing to steal.
我无法想象我在什么情况下会愿意去偷东西。
in ... circumstances
 The rules can only be waived in exceptional circumstances.
这些规定只有在特殊情况下才能破例。
under ... circumstances
 Prisoners can only leave their cells under certain circumstances.
只有在某些情况下囚犯才可以离开牢房。
2 under no circumstances  (also in no circumstances British English)NOT DO something used to emphasize that something must definitely not happen 决不,无论如何都不
 Under no circumstances are you to go out.
你绝对不可以出去。
Examples from the Corpus
3 under/given the circumstances  (also in the circumstances British English)SITUATION used to say that a particular situation makes an action, decision etc necessary, acceptable, or true when it would not normally be 在这种情况下,情形既然如此
 It’s the best result that could be expected under the circumstances.
在这种情况下,这可能是最好的结果了。
Examples from the Corpus
4 [uncountableU] formalSITUATION the combination of facts, events etc that influence your life, and that you cannot control 命运;客观环境;境遇
 He was a victim of circumstance.
他是客观环境的牺牲品。
5 circumstances [plural] formal the conditions in which you live, especially how much money you have 境况,状况〔尤指经济状况〕
economic/financial/personal etc circumstances
 Whether or not you qualify for a loan will depend on your financial circumstances.
你是否有贷款资格将取决于你的经济状况。
 people living in difficult social circumstances
在艰难的社会环境里生活的人们
in reduced circumstances old-fashioned (=with much less money than you used to have) 财政状况不佳,经济拮据
Examples from the Corpus
pomp and circumstance at pomp
COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
in/under certain circumstances (=if particular conditions exist) 在某些情况下
In certain circumstances you may be refused a visa.
在某些情况下你的签证申请有可能会被拒。
exceptional/special circumstances 特殊情况
The court may allow this evidence in exceptional circumstances.
法庭在特殊情况下可能会允许出示这项证据。
normal circumstances 正常情况
In normal circumstances, a child’s language will develop naturally.
在正常情况下,儿童的语言能力会自然发展。
particular circumstances (=special or specific) 特殊情况;特定情况
There may be particular circumstances in which this rule will not apply.
这条规则可能不适用于某些特殊情况。
difficult circumstances 艰苦的环境
Many teachers are doing a very good job under difficult circumstances.
许多老师在艰苦的条件下都干得非常出色。
suspicious circumstances (=making you think something illegal has happened) 可疑情形
Officers said there were no suspicious circumstances surrounding his death.
警方称他的死亡不存在疑点。
mysterious circumstances (=strange or suspicious) 神秘的情况
One of their colleagues had vanished in mysterious circumstances.
他们有一名同事神秘失踪。
unusual circumstances 非常情况
nThere were several unusual circumstances that night.
unforeseen circumstances (=that you did not realize would happen) 未预见的情况
nThe tragedy was the result of a series of unforeseen circumstances.
tragic circumstances (=extremely sad and unfortunate) 悲惨境况
nBoth parents had died in tragic circumstances.
extenuating/mitigating circumstances (=conditions that make it reasonable for someone to break the rules or law) 情有可原的情形
nHunger and poverty are not treated by the courts as extenuating circumstances.
phrases
a set/combination of circumstances 多种因素
This was a very unusual set of circumstances.
这是很不寻常的复杂情况。
the circumstances surrounding something 某事的原因
Police are investigating the circumstances surrounding the accident.
警方正在调查事故原因。
due to circumstances beyond somebody’s control 因为某人无法控制的原因
Occasionally flights are cancelled due to circumstances beyond our control.
偶尔有航班因为我们无法控制的原因而取消。
Examples from the Corpus
Origin circumstance
(1100-1200) Old French Latin circumstantia, from circumstare to stand around, from circum- (CIRCUM-) + stare to stand
cir·cum·stance noun →COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 905 COCA: 1780
circumstance

noun¹

1(usually circumstances) facts/events that affect sth情況;境況ADJECTIVE | ... OF CIRCUMSTANCES | CIRCUMSTANCE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEfavourable/favorable有利的環境The plan might work better with more favourable / favorable circumstances.如果客觀環境有所改善,這個計劃實施起來效果可能更好。adverse, difficult, dire, tragic, trying, unfavourable/unfavorable逆境;困境;可怕的境遇;悲慘的境遇;艱難的環境;不利的環境people facing adverse circumstances面對逆境的人He died in tragic circumstances.他在悲慘的境況中死去。normal, ordinary正常/一般情況In normal circumstances I would let you use my car, but today I need it.正常情況下我會讓你用我的車,但是今天我要用車。exceptional, extraordinary, extreme, special, unusual異常/特別/極端/特殊/不尋常的情況Only if the circumstances are exceptional will we accept late applications.除非特殊情況,否則我們不接受逾期申請。mysterious, suspicious神秘的/可疑的情況She died in rather suspicious circumstances.她死得相當蹊蹺。extenuating, mitigating可減輕罪行的/可考慮從輕處置的情節His sentence was reduced because of the extenuating circumstances.因為有可減輕罪行的情節,他獲得了減刑。changed, changing, different變化了的/正在變化的/不同的情況unavoidable, unforeseen不可避免的/未預見到的情況economic, financial, historical, political, social經濟/財務/歷史/政治/社會狀況life in the changing economic circumstances of China在中國不斷變化的經濟狀況中的生活certain, particular, specific某種/特定的/具體的情況current, present當前的/目前的情況right合適的情況life (especially NAmE) 生活狀況... OF CIRCUMSTANCESset一系列情況an unfortunate set of circumstances that made her life difficult使她生活陷入困境的一連串不幸遭遇CIRCUMSTANCE + VERBchange情況變化conspire情況共同導致⋯I felt that circumstances were conspiring against me.我感到各種情況都對我很不利。force情況迫使dictate sth, require sth, warrant sth情況決定⋯/要求⋯/證明⋯正當Circumstances dictate that I should leave this town forever.客觀形勢決定我應該永遠離開這座小鎮。allow情況允許PREPOSITIONaccording to circumstance根據情況The amount paid will vary according to circumstances.所付數額視情況而定。due to... circumstances由於⋯的情況Due to unforeseen circumstances, we have had to reschedule the concert.由於始料未及的情況,我們不得不將音樂會改期。in... circumstances在⋯情況下She died in suspicious circumstances.她死得蹊蹺。in the circumstances, under the circumstances在⋯情況下In the circumstances, you'd better call the police.在這種情況下,你最好打電話報警。circumstance surrounding圍繞⋯的情況The bank will investigate the circumstances surrounding the robbery.銀行要調查這樁搶劫案的相關情況。PHRASESby force of circumstance迫於形勢The survivors ate plants and insects by force of circumstance.幸存者迫於環境只得吃植物和昆蟲。circumstances beyond our control我們無法控制的情況The delays were due to circumstances beyond our control.延誤是由於不可控因素造成的。the circumstances of sb's life某人的生活狀況the tragic circumstances of his early life他早年悲慘的境遇a combination of circumstances各種情況的綜合We lost our position in the market due to a combination of circumstances.由於多方面的原因,我們失去了原先的市場地位。in no circumstances, under no circumstances在任何情況下都不;決不Under no circumstances should you leave the door unlocked.無論如何都不應該不鎖門。a victim of circumstance客觀環境的受害者He was simply a victim of circumstance.他不過是個客觀環境的犧牲品。
circumstance

noun²

2circumstances amount of money you have個人經濟狀況ADJECTIVE | CIRCUMSTANCES + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEdesperate, modest, reduced, straitened (formal) 捉襟見肘的/不寬裕的/拮据的/貧困的境況comfortable安逸的經濟狀況better比較好的經濟狀況domestic, family, personal家庭經濟狀況;個人經濟狀況CIRCUMSTANCES + VERBimprove經濟狀況改善worsen經濟狀況惡化PREPOSITIONin ... circumstance處於⋯經濟狀況He was a writer living in straitened circumstances.他是一個生活拮据的作家。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 905 COCA: 1780
circumstance noun
situation
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 905 COCA: 1780
circumstance

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