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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4273 COCA: 4641

conscience

Word family 
con·science /ˈkɒnʃəns $ ˈkɑːn-/ ●●○ noun [countableC, uncountableU]  
1  MINDGOOD/MORALthe part of your mind that tells you whether what you are doing is morally right or wrong 良知，良心
a guilty/troubled conscience 愧疚的内心/不安的良心
 It was his guilty conscience that made him offer to help.
他是因为心中有愧才提出帮忙的。
 Well, at least I can face them all with a clear conscience (=the knowledge that you have done nothing wrong).
好吧，至少我可以问心无愧地面对他们所有人。
prisoner of conscience (=someone in prison because of their beliefs) 政治犯，思想犯
 I can’t tell you what to do – it’s a matter of conscience (=something you must make a moral judgement about).
我不能告诉你怎么办——这是良心问题。
 a crisis of conscience among medical staff (=a situation in which it is very difficult to decide what is the right thing to do)
医务人员中的良心危机
Do not confuse with consciousness (=the condition of being awake and aware of things).
不要和 consciousness (神志清醒；意识)相混淆。
2  a guilty feeling that you have about something bad you have done 良心的责备，内疚，愧疚
twinge/pang of conscience
 Ian felt a pang of conscience at having misjudged her.
伊思因为错看了她而感到一阵良心上的愧疚。
have no conscience (about something) (=not feel guilty about something) （对某事）不内疚
 They’ve no conscience at all about cheating.
他们对欺骗毫不内疚。
3  on your conscience GUILTY/FEEL GUILTYif you have something on your conscience, it makes you feel guilty 内疚，受到良心的谴责
 He didn’t want somebody’s death on his conscience.
他不愿某个人的死成为他良心上的负担。
 Could you live with that on your conscience?
你能背着那样的良心包袱生活吗？
Examples from the Corpus
on your conscience• It has been on my conscience ever since.• At least, he felt, an act of Providence had prevented him from having a death on his conscience.• It is a terrible thing to have on your conscience.• Rest it on your conscience if you wine and dine your lover and claim client entertainment.• Where that girl is concerned I have nothing on my conscience.• I have something on my conscience that I want to get off before I die.• No female could live with that on her conscience.
4  not in (all/good) conscience formalBAD BEHAVIOUR OR ACTIONS if you cannot in all conscience do something, you cannot do it because you think it is wrong 凭良心不能做某些事情〔因认为它是错的〕
 I couldn’t in all conscience tell him that his job was safe.
出于良心，我不能对他说他的工作肯定保得住。
Examples from the Corpus
not in (all/good) conscience• I have a hard time separating one statement resulting from torture from another and I can not in good conscience do so.• And apologists for Labour's refusal to organise in Northern Ireland can not in all conscience describe themselves as democrats.• Yet as Dunkers they could not in conscience support the use of force or pay disrespect to the Crown.
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
a clear conscience (=the knowledge that you have done nothing wrong)
I was able to answer his questions with a clear conscience.
a guilty/troubled conscience (=the knowledge that you have done something wrong)
His guilty conscience kept him awake at night.
a social conscience (=a moral sense of how society should be or how you can help it)
The writer’s strong social conscience is obvious in all his novels.
a moral conscience (=an idea of what is right and wrong)
At what age do children develop a moral conscience?
the public conscience (=people’s idea of what is right or wrong)
This scandal shocked the public conscience.
the individual conscience
Decisions like this are a matter for the individual conscience.
the human conscience
The human conscience is a product of civilization.
verbs
have a clear/guilty etc conscience
Does he have a guilty conscience about his role in the crime?
wrestle/struggle with your conscience (=struggle to decide whether it is right or wrong do something)
She wrestled with her conscience for weeks before deciding not to leave him.
prick somebody’s conscience (=make someone feel guilty)
Some of the things he’d done still pricked his conscience.
phrases
be a matter of conscience (=something that you must make a moral judgment about)
Whether you vote or not is a matter of conscience.
a crisis of conscience (=a situation in which it is very difficult to decide what is the right thing to do)
He had a crisis of conscience about whether to take on the legal case.
the voice of conscience (=something in your mind that tells you what is right and wrong)
Other leaders urged him to listen to the voice of conscience and hold free elections.
a prisoner of conscience (=someone who is in prison because they have followed their beliefs about what is right or morally good to do)
Vaclav Havel was a prisoner of conscience who later became president of Czechoslovakia.
Examples from the Corpus
conscience• They acted out of a conscience that patriots despised but at least could understand.• As adults we have active consciences which help us do the right thing.• However the appointment of staff to fill the new posts meant that our overall complement was little changed and consciences were salved.• Marie got up especially early to do all her work so that she could enjoy herself afterwards with a clear conscience.• It was a guilty conscience that made him admit stealing the money.• Her conscience would not let her take all the credit for their work.• His conscience warred with the whispered promises of the semi-sentient sword.• She hurried home, conscience- stricken about having left all the dishes for Natalie to do.• I have to do what my conscience tells me.• Great issues of conscience are thrashed out in impassioned, eloquent language.• Parker displayed a remarkable lack of conscience about what he had done.• Her murderer was a psychopath with a total lack of conscience.• Later Protestantism favoured liberty of conscience.• They affected him not only as a man of conscience but as a politician.• He was capable of making the most ruthless decisions with no apparent pangs of conscience.• What we gain from this is obvious: our own consciences are clear, and we're no longer implicated.• He was a man of strong social conscience, who actively campaigned against poverty in all its forms.
twinge/pang of conscience• As he sat in Riddle's chair he experienced a pang of conscience but also a guilty thrill.• And they say she would have gotten away with the murder were it not for a pang of conscience.• She wouldn't be a burden just because he was having a pang of conscience.• A pang of conscience sent a light wash of pink into her cheeks.• They do, on occasion, have pangs of conscience regarding self-centredness.
Origin conscience
(1200-1300) Old French Latin conscientia, from conscire “to be conscious (of being guilty)”, from com- ( → COM-) + scire “to know”
con·science noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4273 COCA: 4641
conscience

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + CONSCIENCE | CONSCIENCE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤clean, clear, easy, good問心無愧◇How can you do your job with a clean conscience?你怎麼能問心無愧地幹你的活兒呢？◇I have a clear conscience.我問心無愧。➤bad, guilty, troubled, uneasy內疚；愧疚◇a dying man with a guilty conscience心懷愧疚的垂死之人➤civic, environmental, moral, political, social公民／環境／道德／政治／社會良知◇consumers with an environmental conscience有環境意識的消費者◇a government with no social conscience一個沒有社會公德的政府➤religious宗教良知◇a seminal conference on religious conscience and poverty一個有重大影響力的關於宗教良知與貧困的會議➤tender敏感的良知◇I never knew a more tender conscience on every point of duty.我從沒見過對自己職責的方方面面考慮得如此周到細緻的人。➤collective集體良知◇the collective conscience of American business美國企業的集體良知➤individual個人的良知◇It should be a matter of individual conscience.這應該是個人良知的問題。VERB + CONSCIENCE➤have有良心◇He had no conscience about taking his brother's money.他對拿哥哥的錢一點兒也不覺得內疚。➤appease, assuage, clear, ease, salve, soothe使良心平靜／緩和／沒有束縛／輕鬆下來／得到慰藉／得到撫慰◇We assuaged our conscience by telling ourselves that they would be worse off without us.為了使良心好過，我們對自己說沒有我們他們會更糟糕。◇To clear my conscience and make it up to you, I'd like to take you out to dinner.為了消除我的內疚並補償你，我想帶你出去吃飯。◇After the meal she spent a week dieting to salve her conscience.大吃一頓後，她花了一週時間節食以安慰自己。➤prick, trouble刺痛良心；使良心不安▸➤appeal to, arouse, awaken, rouse, stir呼籲良知；喚醒良知➤shock震驚良知◇a bill which has shocked the conscience of every middle-class community震驚了每個中產階級社區良知的法案➤wrestle with同良知鬥爭◇He wrestled with his conscience all night long.他整晚上都在同自己的良心鬥爭。➤follow聽從良心◇I have only ever followed my conscience.我不過是一直憑着自己的良心行事罷了。➤examine捫心自問◇At the end of each day, examine your conscience.每天結束的時候，捫心自省一下。CONSCIENCE + VERB➤guide sb/sth, tell sb sth良心指引⋯；良心告訴某人⋯◇He felt his conscience telling him to apologize.他感覺良心一直告訴自己去道歉。◇It's important to let your conscience guide your decisions.重要的是作決定不違背良心。➤bother sb, prick sb, trouble sb (especially BrE) 良心困擾某人／刺激某人／使某人感到不安◇Her conscience was bothering her a little.她的良心使她有點兒不安。◇Her conscience pricked her every time she thought of how cruel she had been to Kirby.一想到自己對柯比曾經那麼殘酷，她就內疚心痛。➤dictate sth良心支配⋯◇My conscience dictates that I resign.良心驅使我辭職。PREPOSITION➤on your conscience引起某人內疚◇I'm sure she has something on her conscience.我肯定她心裏有什麼事兒讓她良心不安。◇It was on his conscience that he hadn't called her.他因沒給她打電話而愧疚不安。PHRASES➤an act of conscience (especially NAmE) 良知行為◇His decision appears to have been an act of conscience.他的決定看起來是有良知的行為。➤an attack of conscience良心發現◇Best came forward because of an attack of conscience.因為良心發現貝斯特站了出來。➤a crisis of conscience良知危機➤freedom of conscience, liberty of conscience憑良心行事的自由➤in all conscience, in conscience, in good conscience (= honestly) 憑良心◇We cannot in all conscience refuse to help.憑良心說，我們不能拒絕幫忙。➤let conscience be your guide讓良心指引你▸➤a matter of conscience關乎良心的事情◇This question is a matter of individual conscience.這是有關個人良知的問題。➤man/woman/people of conscience有良知的人／女人／人們◇How could people of conscience allow this to happen?有良知的人怎麼能容許這樣的事情發生？➤a pang of conscience, a prick of conscience, a twinge of conscience (especially BrE) 一陣良心不安◇I had a sudden pang of conscience that I really ought to tell the truth.我突然感到一陣內疚，覺得確實應該說出真相。➤the right of conscience, the rights of conscience (both NAmE) 信仰權◇individual rights and rights of conscience on our campuses of higher education我們高校校園內的個人權利和信仰權利➤the voice of conscience良心的呼喚◇She refused to listen to the voice of conscience.她拒絕聽從良心的召喚。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4273 COCA: 4641
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4273 COCA: 4641
conscience
Moral rules and rules of behaviour: rule, convention, law...

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