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- SPREAD 335
- tang 243
- popularize 297
- negligible 327
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- Introduction 356
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- serviceman 72
- pudding 468
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- mostly 563
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- verify 903
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- washable 61
- intelligence 616
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- prohibit 682
- honoured 103
- slip-up 54
- sanatorium 219
- capitulate 174
- Adversary 162
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- monument 632
- rectify 230
- free love 115
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- topsoil 67
- nice 247
- arrested 122
- Projection 279
- Positively 149
- newspeak 70
- straw 538
focus
Word family
fo·cus1 /ˈfəʊkəs $ ˈfoʊ-/ ●●○ S3 W2 AWL verb (focused or focussed, focusing or focussing)
1 give attention to STH 给予某物关注 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]ATTENTION to give special attention to one particular person or thing, or to make people do this （把…）集中（于） SYN concentrate
focus (somebody’s) mind/attention (on something) (=make people give their attention to something) 集中（某人的）注意力（于某物上）
n Grammar
You say:
We focused on two main issues.
✗Don’t say: We focused in two main issues.2 camera/telescope 相机/望远镜 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]HPO to point a camera or telescope at something, and change the controls slightly so that you can see that thing clearly 〔对准某物〕调焦，调节（…的）焦距
3 eyes 眼睛 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]HPOHBA if your eyes focus, or if you focus your eyes, you look at something and can see it clearly （使） 对准，（使）聚焦
Examples from the Corpus
focus• It took a long time to focus and get rid of the swimming water.• Any work undertaken on an individual basis should always focus attention on the broader social context in which the individual lives.• By which is meant that they have developed their ability to focus both senses and mind upon a thought process.• He stared out the window for a moment, trying to focus his thoughts.• It warns policymakers not to get tangled up with averages but to focus instead on increments.• The companies Uunet and Digex, for example, have dropped consumers to focus on business markets.• At least, he said, he could focus on his other math class.• Research will focus on the people living in the estates in east Middlesbrough.• In the way that you use a camera, you can focus your mind either on positive or negative factors.
focus (somebody’s) mind/attention (on something)• Eating behaviour is disturbed and must be the focus of explicit attention.• It is as if within the wider panorama particular topics become a focus of especial attention.• The truth was that by 1988 the television audience had entirely replaced the convention delegates as the focus of attention.• In the way that you use a camera, you can focus your mind either on positive or negative factors.• I believe that the focus of attention is shifting from curriculum content to how best to teach science.• The firm eventually settled on a strategy of attempting to focus public attention on its superior sales staff and customer service.• These might well involve those selective-attention circuits passing through the left thalamus that focus attention on verbal information such as object names.• Where absenteeism does become a focus of management attention, there are very tangible improvements.
focus2 ●●○ S3 W2 AWL noun
1 [singular]SUBJECT the thing, person, situation etc that people pay special attention to 焦点，重点 → focal
2 [uncountableU]ESPECIALLY if your focus is on something, that is the thing you are giving most attention to 〔注意力的〕集中点，中心点
3 come into focus/bring something into focus if something comes into focus, or you bring it into focus, people start to talk about it and pay attention to it 成为焦点/使某事成为焦点
Examples from the Corpus
sharp focus• At most ski resorts, large and small, there has been a sharper focus on day-care facilities and staff.• The banning of the annual sea dump brought the issue of nuclear waste disposal into even sharper focus.• That puts the importance of the order in sharp focus.• Everything was in sharp focus, the horizon was a clear line dividing sea and sky; more rain about.• In recent years this has been brought into sharp focus with growing public concern for a healthier and safer environment.• The picture of the rejection of femininity is thus brought into sharper focus.• Programs designed to motivate patients into leaving voluntarily brought into sharp focus conflicting institutional dynamics inherent in the leprosarium setting.• The lack of sharp focus in this field is a serious obstacle to comparison of analyses and to proper explanation.
4. in focus/out of focus HPOif a photograph or an instrument such as a camera is in focus, you can see the picture clearly. If it is out of focus, you cannot see the picture clearly. 〔照片、相机等〕焦点对准/没有对准，对焦/失焦
5 [uncountableU] the clearness of the picture seen through an instrument such as a camera 〔相机等成像的〕清晰度，焦点
n COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2
adjectives
the main focus
The main focus of our attention will be on providing an efficient service.
the central focus (=most important)
The film’s central focus is the relationship between the two women.
the primary focus (=main or most important)
verbsThe economic situation is likely to be the primary focus of the discussion.
become the focus
When you give a talk you become the focus of attention.
provide a focus
The church provided a focus for the community.
change the focus
He changed the focus from general to specific issues.
shift the focus (=move it to something else)
Opposition MPs accused the prime minister of trying to shift the focus onto other issues.
the focus changes/shifts
phrasesThe focus of the negotiations shifted to working conditions.
the focus is on something
The focus is now on improving students’ communication skills.
the focus of attention
In this section of the talk the focus of attention will be on statistics.
a focus of interest
Animal behaviour has long been a focus of interest for scientists.
the focus of debate (=the thing which people are discussing)
The strike became the focus of debate in the media.
the focus of concern (=the thing which people are worried about)
The spread of the disease has become the main focus of concern.
a change/shift in focus
Over the years, there has been a change of focus from treatment to prevention.
Examples from the Corpus
focus• The science needed a change of direction, a new focus.• Our focus, they say, should henceforth be directed to the secondary years.• And this, too, was a consequence of sheer experience and of the pedagogical focus.• The play made David and his anguish the primary focus.• The powers that be were not interested in continuing that serious focus on the black experience.• The organization has a simple focus - keeping kids in school.• Three of the company of eight are in wheelchairs - but the focus is always on dance, not disability.• Just for once, let's keep the focus on it.• The focus of the drama shifts to discovering the dangers, and weighing up pros and cons of using the magic carpet.
From Longman Business Dictionary
focusfo·cus /ˈfəʊkəsˈfoʊ-/ noun [uncountableU]MARKETING
when a company tries to serve particular groups of customers in a market with particular needs, rather than trying to serve the whole market
—focuser noun [countableC]
The focuser seeks to achieve a competitive advantage in its target segments even though it does not possess a competitive advantage overall.
(1600-1700) Latin “hearth (= place for a fire in a house)”
fo·cus1 verb →n GRAMMAR1focus2 noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
LDOCE Online
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
noun¹
noun²
verb¹
verb²
focus verb
⇨ focus (focus on an issue) ⇨ aim (focus your eyes/a camera) focus focus ♦︎ centre ♦︎ heart ♦︎ hub ♦︎ focal point These are all words for the central and most important part of a particular place or activity. 这些词均表示某地或活动的中心、核心。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ an important focus / hub / focal point ◆ the central focus / hub ◆ the commercial centre / heart / hub of sth ◆ to act / serve as a focus / centre / focal point ◆ to give sth / provide a focus / focal point ◆ the focus / centre of attention ■ focus ˈfəʊkəs; NAmE ˈfoʊkəs [uncountable , countable , usually singular ] the thing or person that people are most interested in; the act of paying special attention to sth and making people interested in it 中心点（指人或事物）；关注；引起关注 ◆ His comments provided a focus for debate.他的评论提供了辩论的重点。 ◆ We shall maintain our focus on the needs of the customer.我们将继续重点关注顾客的需要。 ◆ The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp focus .这次事件使校园暴力成为焦点问题。 ◆ What we need now is a change of focus (= to look at things in a different way) .我们现在需要的是改变对事物的看法。 ■ centre (BrE (NAmE center [countable , usually singular ] the point towards which people direct their attention 中心；关注点 ◆ Children like to be the centre of attention.小孩子喜欢引人注目。 ◆ He could never doubt that he was the centre of her world.她的整个世界围着他转，对此他确信无疑。 ◆ The prime minister is at the centre of a political row over leaked Cabinet documents.首相成了内阁文件泄密所引发的政治风波的中心人物。 ⓘ Notice that you can say that sb/sth is the centre of attention or the centre of sb's world/universe , but you say that sb is at the centre of things/the action/a discussion . You can also say that sb is at the centre of sb's world/universe . 注意，可以说sb/sth is the centre of attention（某人／某事物是关注的中心）或sb/sth is the centre of sb's world/universe（某人／某事物是某人世界的中心）。可以说sb is at the centre of things/the action/a discussion（某人处在事情／行动／讨论的中心），也可以说sb is at the centre of sb's world/universe（某人占据某人世界的中心）。 ■ heart [countable , usually singular ] the central part of a place 中心；中央 ◆ 'Hillsdown' is a quiet hotel in the very heart of the city.希尔斯顿是一家位于市中心的安静的旅馆。 ⓘ In this meaning heart is mainly used to talk about the central part of a city, country or region. It is often used in advertising trying to attract people to a place. 表达此义时，heart主要指城市、国家或地区的中心，常用在广告中，以吸引人前往某地。 heart ⇨ point noun ■ hub [countable , usually singular ] the central and most important part of a particular place or activity （某地或活动的）中心，核心 ◆ The bank is situated in the commercial hub of the city.该银行位于城市的商业中心。 ◆ The kitchen was the hub of family life.厨房是家庭生活的中心。 ◆ a hub airport (= a large important one where people often change from one plane to another) 大型中转机场 NOTE 辨析 In some cases you can use either word. 在有些情况下这两个词可以通用 ◆ the commercial heart / hub of the city城市的商业中心 However, the heart of the village/the town/the city/England usually suggests an attractive, historic place; the hub of the city/operations/business activity suggests a busy place where a lot of business is done. 不过，the heart of the village/the town/the city/England（村庄／集镇／城市／英格兰的中心）通常意味着这些地方富有吸引力，且有历史意义；the hub of the city/operations/business activity（城市／业务／商业活动的中心）则意味着这些地方很繁华，商业活动繁忙。 ■ ˈfocal point ˈfəʊkl; NAmE ˈfoʊkl [countable , usually singular ] a thing or person that is the centre of interest or activity 集中点，焦点（指人或事物）；活动中心 ◆ In rural areas, the school is often the focal point for the local community.在农村，学校常常是当地社区的活动中心。 ◆ The focal point of the policy developed by the government was the construction of a rail network .政府所提出的政策中，焦点是建设铁路网。 ⓘ Focal point * focal point常指社区里人们聚会的地方，如学校、店铺、教堂或游戏场地等，亦可指讨论、演讲或某人政治活动的重点，或是设计或安排的主要部分，又或是一系列精心安排的事件中的重头戏。 focus focus ♦︎ target ♦︎ direct ♦︎ be aimed at sb ♦︎ turn ♦︎ address ♦︎ orient ♦︎ pitch These words all mean to give attention or a message to one particular person or group of people rather than another. 这些词均表示关注或针对特定的人或群体。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ to focus / target / turn sth on sb / sth ◆ to target sth / direct sth / be aimed / pitch sth at sb / sth ◆ to target / direct / orient sth towards sb / sth ◆ to turn / address / orient sth to sb / sth ◆ efforts / resources / campaigns are focused on / targeted at / directed at sb / sth◆ attention is focused on / directed at / turned to sb / sth◆ research is focused on / directed at / oriented towards sth◆ sth is focused on / targeted at a / directed at / an group / area ◆ primarily focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at / addressed to / oriented towards / pitched at sb / sth◆ particularly focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at / oriented towards / pitched at sb / sth◆ specifically focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at / addressed to / oriented towards sb / sth◆ principally targeted at / directed at / aimed at / addressed to / oriented towards sb / sth◆ directly focused on / targeted at / aimed at / addressed to / pitched at sb / sth◆ mainly / clearly focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at sb / sth■ focus [intransitive , transitive ] to give attention, effort, time etc. to one particular person, thing or situation rather than another 关注；注重；重点在于 ◆ The discussion focused on three main issues.讨论集中在三个主要问题上。 ◆ Schools should not focus exclusively on exam results.学校不应该只注重考试成绩。 ◆ I was finding it hard to focus my mind properly.我发现很难好好地集中精神。 ◆ The visit helped to focus world attention on the plight of the refugees.这次访问促使全世界关注难民的困境。 ◆ Much recent concern has been focused upon sea level rises.最近很多人都在关注海平面上涨的问题。 ◆ Where do you really wish to focus your time and energy?你到底想要把时间和精力放在什么地方？ ■ target [transitive , often passive ] to try to help or influence a particular group of people, especially by offering a product or service designed for them 把（专门设计的产品或服务）面向，对准 ◆ The booklet is targeted at people approaching retirement.这本小册子的读者对象是临近退休的人。 ◆ We target our services towards specific groups of people.我们的服务针对特定人群。 ◆ This hospital is targeted for additional funding.这家医院旨在获得额外的资金。 ■ direct [transitive ] (always used with a preposition 总是与介词连用 ) to say or do sth that is intended to influence, affect or deal with a particular person, group, situation or issue 针对 ◆ Was that remark directed at me?那话是冲着我来的吗？ ◆ Most of his anger was directed against himself.他主要是生自己的气。 ◆ There are three main issues we need to direct our attention to.我们需要注意的有三个主要问题。 ■ be aimed at sb (of a product, service or remark) to be directed at a particular person or group of people （产品、服务或言论）针对，对象是 ◆ The book is aimed at very young children.这本书的读者对象是幼童。 ◆ My criticism wasn't aimed at you.我的批评不是针对你。 ■ turn [transitive , intransitive ] to give attention to a particular person, subject or situation, especially after attention has been on sb/sth else 把注意力转向（特定的人、主题或情况） ◆ She looked at him, then turned her attention back to me.她看了看他，然后又把注意力转回到我的身上。 ◆ Don't turn your anger on the children.别朝孩子撒气。 ◆ His thoughts turned to his dead wife.他想起了自己过世的妻子。 ■ address [transitive ] (formal ) to say or write sth directly to a particular person 向⋯说话；针对⋯而写 ◆ I was surprised when he addressed me in English.他用英语跟我说话，我很诧异。 ◆ Any questions should be addressed to your teacher.任何问题都应该向你的老师求教。 ◆ The book is addressed to the general reader.这本书是写给普通读者的。 ■ orient ˈɔːrient (BrE alsoorientate ˈɔːriənteɪt ) [transitive , usually passive ] to make sb/sth give more interest, attention or effort towards a particular subject, person or situation; to make or adapt sb/sth for a particular purpose 以⋯为方向；以⋯为目的；使适应 ◆ Our students are oriented towards science subjects.我们的学生是理科方向的。 ◆ We run a commercially oriented operation.我们经营一个商业性企业。 ■ pitch [transitive , often passive ] (informal , especially business 尤用于商业 ) to aim a product or a service at a particular group of people 使（产品或服务）针对，面向；确定⋯的销售对象（或目标市场） ◆ The new software is being pitched at banks.这种新软件以银行为目标市场。 ◆ Orange juice is being pitched as an athlete's drink.橙汁正作为运动员饮料进行推销。
noun
verb
phrase
rather
focus
To pay attention: concentrate, focus, listen...
To take and develop photographs: blow up, capture, come out...
To make a machine or piece of equipment work: activate, actuate, coax...
What the eyes can do: adjust, blink, blink...
What light can do: reflect, flood, fade...
Parts of discussions: contention, focus, item...
Careful thought: thought, consideration, assessment...
Clear to the senses: obvious, apparent, show up...
Cameras and photographic equipment: analogue camera, aperture, body camera...
Terms in Physics: centre of gravity, density, focal length...
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