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IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17

on

Word family 
Related topics: Food, Telephone, telegraph, Television & radio
on1 /ɒn $ ɑːn, ɒːn/ ●●● S1 W1 prepositionprep
1  ON/ON TOP OFon a surface 在表面上
a) touching a surface or being supported by a surface 在…上面〔表示接觸或由某一表面支撐着〕
Leave your things on the table over there.
把你的東西放在那邊的桌子上。
People were sunbathing on the grass.
人們在草地上曬日光浴。
The little girl was sitting on her father’s shoulders.
小女孩坐在她爸爸的肩上。
b) used to say that someone or something moves so that they are then touching or supported by a surface 〔經移動後〕在…上
snow falling on the mountainsides
落在山坡上的雪
He threw himself on the bed.
他一頭倒在床上。
2  supporting your body 支撐住身體 used to say what part of someone’s body is touching the ground or another surface and supporting their weight 由…支撐，由…支持
She was on her feet in no time.
她立刻站了起來。
He was on his hands and knees searching for something.
他趴在地上找東西。
Can you stand on your head?
你會倒立嗎？
3  part hit/touched 某部分被打到/碰到 used to say what part of someone or something is hit or touched 到…上；在…上
I wanted to punch him on the nose.
我真想一拳打到他鼻子上。
Matt kissed her on the cheek.
馬特親吻了她的臉頰。
4  written/shown 寫在/出現在 used to say where something is written or shown 寫在…上；出現在…上
There’s a diagram on page 25.
第25頁上有個圖表。
He wrote his phone number on a piece of paper.
他把自己的電話號碼寫在一張紙上。
5  CONNECTED WITHSUPPORT/HOLD UPattached 依附的 attached to or hanging from something 附在…上；挂在…上
She hung her coat on a hook.
她把外套挂在衣鈎上。
Dogs must be kept on a lead at all times.
任何時候都要用皮帶把狗拴住。
6  place 地方 in a particular place 在〔某地〕
The town is right on the border.
這個城鎮就在邊境上。
Is there a water supply on the island?
島上有供水嗎？
He grew up on a ranch in California.
他在加利福尼亞的一個牧場裏長大。
a store on Fifth Avenue
第五大道上的一家商店
7  DIRECTIONposition 位置 in a particular position in relation to something else 〔與其他事物相比〕在〔某位置〕
You’ll see the school on your left.
你會看到學校在你的左邊。
They live on the opposite side of the town.
他們住在鎮子的另一頭。
8  looking/pointing 看向/指向 looking or pointing towards something or someone 對着，朝〔某物或某人〕
His eyes were on the stranger standing in the doorway.
他的眼睛看着站在門口的那個陌生人。
She trained her binoculars on the house.
她把望遠鏡對準了那幢房子。
9  TIME/AT A PARTICULAR TIMEday/date 日子/日期 during a particular day 在〔某一天〕
They’ll be here on Tuesday.
星期二他們要到這裏來。
I was born on July 1st.
我生於7月1日。
We’ll see you on Christmas Eve.
我們聖誕夜來看你。
5 GRAMMAR 語法
Do not use on before ‘this’, ‘last’, or ‘next’ and a day of the week. 星期幾之前如果有this，last或next不要用on
The school reopened last Tuesday (NOT 不說 on last Tuesday).
學校上周二複課。
10  EFFECT/INFLUENCEaffecting/relating to 對…造成影響/和…有關系 affecting or relating to someone or something 對…
a tax on cigarettes
香煙稅
his influence on young people
他對青年人的影響
There will be new restrictions on the sale of weapons.
對武器買賣將有新的限制。
What effect will these changes have on the tourist industry?
這些變化會給旅遊業帶來什麽影響？
11  about 關於ABOUT about a particular subject 關於…，有關…
Do you have any books on India?
你有關於印度的書嗎？
You can get information on local services by calling this number.
你可以打這個電話獲取有關當地公共事業機構的信息。
an international conference on global warming
有關全球氣候變暖的國際會議
► see thesaurus at about
12  orders/advice 命令/建議 as a result of someone’s order, request, or advice 根據，按照〔某人的命令、要求或建議〕
He was killed on the King’s orders.
他被國王下令處死。
I accepted the offer on the advice of my lawyer.
我按律師的建議接受了這個條件。
13  eat/drink 吃/喝 used to talk about what someone usually eats or drinks 吃…；喝…
They live mainly on beans, lentils, and rice.
他們主要食用豆類、小扁豆和米飯。
Is your baby on solid food yet?
你的寶寶開始吃固體食物了嗎？
14  TTTRAVELtransport 運輸
a) in or into a bus, train, plane etc 乘坐，上〔公共汽車、火車、飛機等〕 OPP off
Did you manage to sleep on the plane?
你在飛機上睡着了嗎？
Tommy should be on the six o’clock train.
湯米應該乘坐6點鐘的那班火車。
She got on the first bus that came along.
第一輛公共汽車來了，她就上去了。
b) riding something 騎在…上
a statue of the King on horseback
國王騎着馬的雕像
I’ll probably come on my bike.
我很可能騎自行車來。
15  DFmoney 錢 receiving money for a job or as a regular payment 掙…錢，工資爲…
He’s on quite a good salary now.
他現在工資相當高了。
She must be on at least £50,000 a year.
她肯定一年至少掙五萬英鎊。
the difficulties faced by families on low incomes
低收入家庭面臨的困難
16  fuel 燃料 using a particular type of fuel or power 以…爲燃料，用…作動力
Most buses run on diesel.
大多數公共汽車都以柴油作燃料。
Does it work on mains electricity?
它是靠電力供應系統來運轉嗎？
17  MDmedicine/drugs 藥/毒品 taking a particular drug or medicine regularly 〔經常性地〕服用 OPP off
Are you still on antibiotics?
你還在服用抗生素嗎？
The doctor put her on Prozac.
醫生讓她服用“百憂解”。
A lot of these kids are on heroin by the age of 12.
這些孩子中有許多12歲就開始吸食海洛因了。
18. what’s somebody on? spoken used to say that someone is behaving in a very strange way, as if they are taking an illegal drug 某人吃錯什麽藥了？ 某人吸了什麽毒了？〔用於表示某人的舉止十分異常，好像吸食了毒品似的〕
19  using equipment 使用設備 using a machine or piece of equipment 用〔機器或設備〕
He’s been on the computer all afternoon.
他一下午都在用電腦。
Is Rachel still on the phone?
雷切爾還在打電話嗎？
20  musical instruments 樂器 playing a musical instrument 用〔某種樂器〕
He played a short piece on the piano.
他用鋼琴彈奏了一首短曲。
The album features Rick Wakeman on keyboards.
這張專輯收錄的是裏克•威克曼演奏的鍵盤音樂。
21  TCTAMTradio/television 廣播/電視 being broadcast by radio or television 在〔廣播或電視〕上
What’s on TV tonight?
今晚電視裏播什麽節目？
Did you hear that programme on the radio last night?
昨晚的那個廣播節目你聽了嗎？
22  recorded 錄制的 used to say in what form information is stored or music, films etc are recorded 以…方式存儲[錄制]
The movie is now available on video and DVD.
現在可以買到這部電影的錄像帶和數字影碟。
I always keep a backup copy on disk.
我總是在磁盤上留個備份。
23  TRAVELactivity/journey 活動/旅行 taking part in an activity or travelling somewhere 在〔活動或旅行〕中
She’s on a course all this week.
本周她一直都在上一門課程。
I met him on vacation in Canada.
我在加拿大度假時遇見了他。
My girlfriend is often away on business trips.
我的女朋友經常出差。
24  SSODSincluded 包括在内的 included in a group or team of people or in a list 在〔群體或團隊〕中；在〔名單〕上
Are you still on the management committee?
你還在管理委員會嗎？
Mr Edwards is no longer on the staff here.
愛德華茲先生不再是這裏的員工了。
Whose team are you on?
你屬於誰的球隊？
There was no steak on the menu.
菜單上沒有牛排。
What’s the next item on the agenda?
議事日程的下一項是什麽内容？
25  when STH happens 某事發生時 formalIMMEDIATELY as soon as someone has done something or as soon as something has happened 在…的時候，當…時
Couples are presented with a bottle of wine on their arrival at the hotel.
凡夫婦到賓館將獲贈一瓶葡萄酒。
All patients are examined on admission to the hospital.
所有病人入院時都要體檢。
on doing something
What was your reaction on seeing him?
看到他時你有什麽反應？
26  compared with STH 與某物相比COMPARE compared with another person or thing 和〔另一人或物〕相比
This essay is a definite improvement on your last one.
這篇文章比起你的上一篇顯然大有進步。
Sales are 10% up on last year.
銷售額比去年增加了10%。
27  carrying STH 攜帶某物 informalHAVE if you have something on you, you have it in your pocket, your bag etc 在…身上
I don’t have any money on me.
我身上一點錢都沒帶。
28  PAY 支付be on somebody spokenPAY FOR used to say who is going to pay for something 由某人付錢
The drinks are on me!
飲料我請客！
Each table will get a bottle of champagne on the house (=paid for by the restaurant, hotel etc).
每桌都將得到一瓶本店奉送的香槟。
Examples from the Corpus
on the house• A black flotilla of clouds rose towering over the mountains and advanced on the house.• First drink is on the house.• He had heavy commitments on the house.• It was Minton who secured the lease on the house and informed Vaughan of his share.• Y., during a break from buttonholing colleagues on the House floor.• I looked down on the houses lining the steep streets of Saltville.• Messages for the intelligent plug are carried by signals on the house wiring.
29  telephone number 電話號碼 used to say what number you should use in order to telephone someone 打…電話號碼 SYN American English at
You can contact me on this number.
你可以打這個電話號碼和我聯系。
30  causing SB problems 給某人帶來麻煩BREAK used when something bad happens to you, for example when something you are using suddenly stops working, or someone you have a relationship with suddenly leaves you 〔不好的事發生〕在…身上
Suddenly the telephone went dead on me.
我的電話突然斷了。
Dorothy’s first husband walked out on her.
多羅西的第一任丈夫抛下她走了。
Examples from the Corpus
on• a book on 19th century English Literature• Did you make these graphs on a computer?• Didn't Jim grow up on a farm?• a book on China• Aren't you coming here on Christmas Day?• Did you call dad on Father's Day?• Finding parking on Main Street is impossible.• Dinner's on me tonight.• Granddad lives on meat and potatoes.• Don't put your feet on my desk!• a lecture on Native American customs and folklore• Are you doing anything special on Saturday night?• Did you see that programme on South Africa last night?• Four bottles of wine were standing on the shelf.• Harry's the guy sitting on the sofa there.• Hal's on the swim team and the basketball team.• El Paso is located on the U.S.-Mexico border.• Could you give some advice on what to wear?• Do you have any ideas on where to eat tonight?• Could you stop by the store on your way home?
on doing something• On hearing the news of the air attack most foreigners headed for the border.
Related topics: Theatre
on2 ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj , adverb [not before noun]
1  CONTINUE/NOT STOPcontinuing 繼續 used to say that someone continues to do something or something continues to happen, without stopping 繼續的[地]，不停的[地]
We decided to play on even though it was snowing.
盡管下雪了，我們仍決定繼續比賽。
He went on and on (=talked for a very long time) about his job all evening.
他一晚上都在不停地講他的工作。
2  FORWARDfurther 進一步 if you move, walk etc on, you move forward or further towards something 繼續往前的[地]，再向前的[地]
If you walk on a little, you can see the coast.
再往前走一點，你就會看見海岸了。
We drove on towards Manchester.
我們繼續朝曼徹斯特駛去。
3  BEFOREAFTERlater 以後 later than or after a particular time 之後，以後
Now, 40 years on, this is one of the most successful theatres in the country.
40年以後的今天，這家劇院成了國内最爲成功的劇院之一。
From that moment on I never believed a word she said.
從那一刻起，我不再相信她說的任何一句話。
4  DCCwearing STH 穿戴某物WEAR CLOTHES if you have something on, you are wearing it 穿[戴]上
All he had on was a pair of tattered shorts.
他只穿了一條破短褲。
Put your coat on. It’s freezing outside.
穿上大衣吧，外面冷極了。
5  attached 附着的 used to say that something is attached to something else, especially when it is in the correct position 覆蓋；附着〔尤在正確的位置上〕 OPP off
Is the cover on properly?
蓋子蓋好了嗎？
Remember to put the lid back on.
記得把蓋子蓋回去。
6  written 書寫的 used to say that something is written somewhere 寫着的
He was wearing a badge with his name on.
他佩戴着一枚證章，上面有他的姓名。
7  TTENTERtransport 運輸 in or into a bus, train etc 登上〔公共汽車、火車等〕 OPP off
The train stopped and two people got on.
火車停下來，有兩個人上去了。
8  ON/SWITCHED ONlight/machine 燈/機器 if a machine, light etc is on, it is operating 〔機器、燈等〕運作的，開着的 OPP off
Who left all the lights on?
是誰把燈都開着的？
The TV’s on, but nobody seems to be watching it.
電視開着，但好像沒人在看。
He sat down at the desk and switched on the computer.
他坐到書桌前，打開了電腦。
9  TCBTELEVISION/RADIObeing broadcast 正在播放的 if a radio or television programme etc is on, it is being broadcast 〔廣播或電視節目〕正在播出的
What time is ‘Star Trek’ on?
《星際迷航》什麽時候播出？
10  HAPPENevents 事件 if an event is on, it has been arranged and is happening or will happen 正在[將要]發生的 OPP off
The transport union has confirmed that the strike is definitely on.
運輸工會已證實肯定會舉行罷工。
I’d avoid the city centre – there’s some kind of procession on.
我要避開市中心，那裏在舉行什麽遊行。
Is the party still on tonight or have they cancelled it?
今晚的派對照常舉行，還是已經取消了？
11  APTperforming/speaking 表演/演講 performing or speaking in public 表演；演講
You’re on in two minutes.
兩分鐘以後你上。
12  working 在工作 if you are on at a particular time, you are doing your job at that time 工作，上班
I’m not on again until two o'clock tomorrow.
我要到明天下午兩點鐘才上班。
13  have something on informalBUSY/HAVE A LOT TO DO if you have something on, there is something that you must do 有事要幹
I haven’t got anything on tomorrow, so I could see you then.
明天我沒什麽事，可以來看你。
We’ve got a lot on at the moment.
我們現在有很多事要幹。
14  on and off  (also off and on)REGULAR for short periods but not regularly over a long period of time 斷斷續續地，間歇地
He’s been smoking for ten years now, on and off.
到現在，他斷斷續續地吸煙有十年了。
Examples from the Corpus
on and off• It rained off and on for the whole afternoon.• A large blue diamond was flashing on and off.• After she had left the office, Wyatt sat and listened to the ventilator go on and off.• After studying accountancy at Chicago University, he worked on and off as an investment analyst.• My husband has suffered from heartburn on and off for years and has recently been diagnosed as having a hiatus hernia.• With the other type switch on and off is non-automatic.• Then we went for a walk, with him continually flying on and off my shoulder.• There are thousands of tax-paying jobs generated on and off the reservation.• The spokeswoman says Disney has 50 to 70 toll-free numbers, which it turns on and off to coincide with special promotions.
15  be/go/keep on at somebody informalASK FOR something/ASK somebody TO DO something to keep complaining to someone or asking someone to do something, especially when this annoys them 不停地對某人發牢騷；不斷地要某人做某事
I’ve been on at him to fix that cupboard for weeks now.
我已催了他好幾個星期叫他修那個櫃子。
I wish you wouldn’t go on at me the whole time!
我希望你别沒完沒了地對我發牢騷！
Examples from the Corpus
be/go/keep on at somebody• He had a bad leg and they kept on at him to hurry up.• You used to go on at me about getting out.• But what's going on at No. 4 and No. 8 are free rides, nothing less.• Something must be going on at school.• There was some spitting going on at the end of the game.• A strike has been going on at the mine for over three months and the nine who died were all non-union men.• Funny stuff going on at the Olympics.• I must say I was not totally happy about her going on at Yeo Davis, with me in the government.
16  be/go/keep on about something British EnglishBrE informalTALK TO somebody to keep talking about something, in a way that is boring or annoying 〔令人生厭地〕不斷談論某事物
He’s always going on about money.
他老是不停地說錢啊錢的。
I don’t know what you’re on about!
我不知道你在唠叨些什麽！
Examples from the Corpus
be/go/keep on about something• It went on about 15 minutes too long.• Everyone goes on about Cher's dresses, showing her navel.• This made him wary as he went on about his chores and tried not to let Lucky see him.• And they don't go on about his obvious flaws, like him being a doctor and having three dozen girlfriends.• It sounded stupid the way she went on about loving the sea.• The first I knew about it was Malcolm going on about rubber.• Why do I go on about this, I wonder.• However, this is the party that goes on about unemployment as though it had a good record on unemployment.
17  be not on British EnglishBrE spokenACCEPT if something is not on, it is not acceptable or reasonable 〔某事〕不行，不能接受，不合理
I’m sorry, what you’re suggesting is just not on!
很抱歉，你提出的事無法接受！
Examples from the Corpus
be not on• But the sound was not on.• He is a veteran campaigner against the screening system, but at 76, time is not on his side.• Beyond that, the gossip is that he is not on speaking terms with his best player, quarterback Troy Aikman.• But that wasn't on the agenda, was it?• The federal building, however, is not on the market.• She wasn't on the plane and West Mercia fraud squad have asked Interpol to investigate.• Those who are not on the spot will get their impressions firstly through television and radio coverage and then through newspapers.• She wasn't on the wooden horse or in the yard or in the tack room.
18  be on for something spoken to be ready or willing to do something that someone has suggested 準備做某事；願意做某事
Right, how many of you are on for a drink after work?
好，你們有幾個人願意下班後去喝一杯？
Examples from the Corpus
be on for something• That way, a member who was on for 47 seconds was being charged for two minutes.• Pressure is on for builders everywhere to build at low cost and to be energy-efficient.• Criss-crossing these steps in dusty Andean towns, Symmes learns that a search is on for Che's remains.• Increasingly the search is on for dissenters.• Lighting is by a 20W Triton and a 20W Gro-lux and these are on for ten hours a day.• It is on for this weekend for sure.
19  you’re on spoken used to tell someone that you accept a bet or an invitation to compete against them 賭就賭，我接受
‘I bet you £20 he won’t turn up.’ ‘You’re on!’
“我跟你賭20英鎊，他不會露面的。”“賭就賭！”
→ onto
Examples from the Corpus
on• You should visit Chicago while the festival is on.• OK, who left the lights on?• Rick was standing there with nothing on.• I sent Dan on ahead to find us seats at the theater.• Put your shoes on, and let's go.• There's a good comedy on at eight.• I usually get on at Irving Street.• As far as we know, the game is still on for tomorrow.• Let's go on. I want to get home before it gets dark.• You're on in two minutes.
on and on• I could go on and on but you already got more than you probably wanted out of this answer.• I hope, I really hope, that this will not drag on and on and on.• I went on and on at her: draw me, draw me, draw me, Mummy!• It goes on and on that way for two solid months, like a sixty-day trance-like a contact high.• She goes on and on and on.• The high blue summer weather goes on and on and by mid-afternoon it's hot up here under the leads.• The war may well just go on and on.• Yet the pump runs on and on, its noise now a constant accompaniment to their once-quiet lives.
Origin on1
Old English
IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17
IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17
on adv.
⇨ off and on/on and off ⇨ sometimes
IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17

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