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IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17

on

Word family 
Related topics: Food, Telephone, telegraph, Television & radio
on1 /ɒn $ ɑːn, ɒːn/ ●●● S1 W1 prepositionprep  
1  ON/ON TOP OFon a surface 在表面上
a) touching a surface or being supported by a surface 在…上面〔表示接触或由某一表面支撑着〕
 Leave your things on the table over there.
把你的东西放在那边的桌子上。
 People were sunbathing on the grass.
人们在草地上晒日光浴。
 The little girl was sitting on her father’s shoulders.
小女孩坐在她爸爸的肩上。
b) used to say that someone or something moves so that they are then touching or supported by a surface 〔经移动后〕在…上
 snow falling on the mountainsides
落在山坡上的雪
 He threw himself on the bed.
他一头倒在床上。
2  supporting your body 支撑住身体 used to say what part of someone’s body is touching the ground or another surface and supporting their weight 由…支撑，由…支持
 She was on her feet in no time.
她立刻站了起来。
 He was on his hands and knees searching for something.
他趴在地上找东西。
 Can you stand on your head?
你会倒立吗？
3  part hit/touched 某部分被打到/碰到 used to say what part of someone or something is hit or touched 到…上；在…上
 I wanted to punch him on the nose.
我真想一拳打到他鼻子上。
 Matt kissed her on the cheek.
马特亲吻了她的脸颊。
4  written/shown 写在/出现在 used to say where something is written or shown 写在…上；出现在…上
 There’s a diagram on page 25.
第25页上有个图表。
 He wrote his phone number on a piece of paper.
他把自己的电话号码写在一张纸上。
5  CONNECTED WITHSUPPORT/HOLD UPattached 依附的 attached to or hanging from something 附在…上；挂在…上
 She hung her coat on a hook.
她把外套挂在衣钩上。
 Dogs must be kept on a lead at all times.
任何时候都要用皮带把狗拴住。
6  place 地方 in a particular place 在〔某地〕
 The town is right on the border.
这个城镇就在边境上。
 Is there a water supply on the island?
岛上有供水吗？
 He grew up on a ranch in California.
他在加利福尼亚的一个牧场里长大。
 a store on Fifth Avenue
第五大道上的一家商店
7  DIRECTIONposition 位置 in a particular position in relation to something else 〔与其他事物相比〕在〔某位置〕
 You’ll see the school on your left.
你会看到学校在你的左边。
 They live on the opposite side of the town.
他们住在镇子的另一头。
8  looking/pointing 看向/指向 looking or pointing towards something or someone 对着，朝〔某物或某人〕
 His eyes were on the stranger standing in the doorway.
他的眼睛看着站在门口的那个陌生人。
 She trained her binoculars on the house.
她把望远镜对准了那幢房子。
9  TIME/AT A PARTICULAR TIMEday/date 日子/日期 during a particular day 在〔某一天〕
10  EFFECT/INFLUENCEaffecting/relating to 对…造成影响/和…有关系 affecting or relating to someone or something 对…
11  about 关于ABOUT about a particular subject 关于…，有关…
12  orders/advice 命令/建议 as a result of someone’s order, request, or advice 根据，按照〔某人的命令、要求或建议〕
13  eat/drink 吃/喝 used to talk about what someone usually eats or drinks 吃…；喝…
14  TTTRAVELtransport 运输
15  DFmoney 钱 receiving money for a job or as a regular payment 挣…钱，工资为…
16  fuel 燃料 using a particular type of fuel or power 以…为燃料，用…作动力
17  MDmedicine/drugs 药/毒品 taking a particular drug or medicine regularly 〔经常性地〕服用 OPP off
18. what’s somebody on? spoken used to say that someone is behaving in a very strange way, as if they are taking an illegal drug 某人吃错什么药了？ 某人吸了什么毒了？〔用于表示某人的举止十分异常，好像吸食了毒品似的〕
19  using equipment 使用设备 using a machine or piece of equipment 用〔机器或设备〕
20  musical instruments 乐器 playing a musical instrument 用〔某种乐器〕
21  TCTAMTradio/television 广播/电视 being broadcast by radio or television 在〔广播或电视〕上
22  recorded 录制的 used to say in what form information is stored or music, films etc are recorded 以…方式存储[录制]
23  TRAVELactivity/journey 活动/旅行 taking part in an activity or travelling somewhere 在〔活动或旅行〕中
24  SSODSincluded 包括在内的 included in a group or team of people or in a list 在〔群体或团队〕中；在〔名单〕上
25  when STH happens 某事发生时 formalIMMEDIATELY as soon as someone has done something or as soon as something has happened 在…的时候，当…时
26  compared with STH 与某物相比COMPARE compared with another person or thing 和〔另一人或物〕相比
27  carrying STH 携带某物 informalHAVE if you have something on you, you have it in your pocket, your bag etc 在…身上
28  PAY 支付be on somebody spokenPAY FOR used to say who is going to pay for something 由某人付钱
Examples from the Corpus
on the house• A black flotilla of clouds rose towering over the mountains and advanced on the house.• First drink is on the house.• He had heavy commitments on the house.• It was Minton who secured the lease on the house and informed Vaughan of his share.• Y., during a break from buttonholing colleagues on the House floor.• I looked down on the houses lining the steep streets of Saltville.• Messages for the intelligent plug are carried by signals on the house wiring.
29  telephone number 电话号码 used to say what number you should use in order to telephone someone 打…电话号码 SYN American English at
30  causing SB problems 给某人带来麻烦BREAK used when something bad happens to you, for example when something you are using suddenly stops working, or someone you have a relationship with suddenly leaves you 〔不好的事发生〕在…身上
Examples from the Corpus
on• a book on 19th century English Literature• Did you make these graphs on a computer?• Didn't Jim grow up on a farm?• a book on China• Aren't you coming here on Christmas Day?• Did you call dad on Father's Day?• Finding parking on Main Street is impossible.• Dinner's on me tonight.• Granddad lives on meat and potatoes.• Don't put your feet on my desk!• a lecture on Native American customs and folklore• Are you doing anything special on Saturday night?• Did you see that programme on South Africa last night?• Four bottles of wine were standing on the shelf.• Harry's the guy sitting on the sofa there.• Hal's on the swim team and the basketball team.• El Paso is located on the U.S.-Mexico border.• Could you give some advice on what to wear?• Do you have any ideas on where to eat tonight?• Could you stop by the store on your way home?
on doing something• On hearing the news of the air attack most foreigners headed for the border.
Related topics: Theatre
on2 ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj , adverb [not before noun]  
1  CONTINUE/NOT STOPcontinuing 继续 used to say that someone continues to do something or something continues to happen, without stopping 继续的[地]，不停的[地]
2  FORWARDfurther 进一步 if you move, walk etc on, you move forward or further towards something 继续往前的[地]，再向前的[地]
3  BEFOREAFTERlater 以后 later than or after a particular time 之后，以后
4  DCCwearing STH 穿戴某物WEAR CLOTHES if you have something on, you are wearing it 穿[戴]上
5  attached 附着的 used to say that something is attached to something else, especially when it is in the correct position 覆盖；附着〔尤在正确的位置上〕 OPP off
6  written 书写的 used to say that something is written somewhere 写着的
7  TTENTERtransport 运输 in or into a bus, train etc 登上〔公共汽车、火车等〕 OPP off
8  ON/SWITCHED ONlight/machine 灯/机器 if a machine, light etc is on, it is operating 〔机器、灯等〕运作的，开着的 OPP off
9  TCBTELEVISION/RADIObeing broadcast 正在播放的 if a radio or television programme etc is on, it is being broadcast 〔广播或电视节目〕正在播出的
10  HAPPENevents 事件 if an event is on, it has been arranged and is happening or will happen 正在[将要]发生的 OPP off
11  APTperforming/speaking 表演/演讲 performing or speaking in public 表演；演讲
12  working 在工作 if you are on at a particular time, you are doing your job at that time 工作，上班
13  have something on informalBUSY/HAVE A LOT TO DO if you have something on, there is something that you must do 有事要干
14  on and off  (also off and on)REGULAR for short periods but not regularly over a long period of time 断断续续地，间歇地
Examples from the Corpus
on and off• It rained off and on for the whole afternoon.• A large blue diamond was flashing on and off.• After she had left the office, Wyatt sat and listened to the ventilator go on and off.• After studying accountancy at Chicago University, he worked on and off as an investment analyst.• My husband has suffered from heartburn on and off for years and has recently been diagnosed as having a hiatus hernia.• With the other type switch on and off is non-automatic.• Then we went for a walk, with him continually flying on and off my shoulder.• There are thousands of tax-paying jobs generated on and off the reservation.• The spokeswoman says Disney has 50 to 70 toll-free numbers, which it turns on and off to coincide with special promotions.
15  be/go/keep on at somebody informalASK FOR something/ASK somebody TO DO something to keep complaining to someone or asking someone to do something, especially when this annoys them 不停地对某人发牢骚；不断地要某人做某事
Examples from the Corpus
be/go/keep on at somebody• He had a bad leg and they kept on at him to hurry up.• You used to go on at me about getting out.• But what's going on at No. 4 and No. 8 are free rides, nothing less.• Something must be going on at school.• There was some spitting going on at the end of the game.• A strike has been going on at the mine for over three months and the nine who died were all non-union men.• Funny stuff going on at the Olympics.• I must say I was not totally happy about her going on at Yeo Davis, with me in the government.
16  be/go/keep on about something British EnglishBrE informalTALK TO somebody to keep talking about something, in a way that is boring or annoying 〔令人生厌地〕不断谈论某事物
Examples from the Corpus
be/go/keep on about something• It went on about 15 minutes too long.• Everyone goes on about Cher's dresses, showing her navel.• This made him wary as he went on about his chores and tried not to let Lucky see him.• And they don't go on about his obvious flaws, like him being a doctor and having three dozen girlfriends.• It sounded stupid the way she went on about loving the sea.• The first I knew about it was Malcolm going on about rubber.• Why do I go on about this, I wonder.• However, this is the party that goes on about unemployment as though it had a good record on unemployment.
17  be not on British EnglishBrE spokenACCEPT if something is not on, it is not acceptable or reasonable 〔某事〕不行，不能接受，不合理
Examples from the Corpus
be not on• But the sound was not on.• He is a veteran campaigner against the screening system, but at 76, time is not on his side.• Beyond that, the gossip is that he is not on speaking terms with his best player, quarterback Troy Aikman.• But that wasn't on the agenda, was it?• The federal building, however, is not on the market.• She wasn't on the plane and West Mercia fraud squad have asked Interpol to investigate.• Those who are not on the spot will get their impressions firstly through television and radio coverage and then through newspapers.• She wasn't on the wooden horse or in the yard or in the tack room.
18  be on for something spoken to be ready or willing to do something that someone has suggested 准备做某事；愿意做某事
Examples from the Corpus
be on for something• That way, a member who was on for 47 seconds was being charged for two minutes.• Pressure is on for builders everywhere to build at low cost and to be energy-efficient.• Criss-crossing these steps in dusty Andean towns, Symmes learns that a search is on for Che's remains.• Increasingly the search is on for dissenters.• Lighting is by a 20W Triton and a 20W Gro-lux and these are on for ten hours a day.• It is on for this weekend for sure.
19  you’re on spoken used to tell someone that you accept a bet or an invitation to compete against them 赌就赌，我接受
→ onto
Examples from the Corpus
on• You should visit Chicago while the festival is on.• OK, who left the lights on?• Rick was standing there with nothing on.• I sent Dan on ahead to find us seats at the theater.• Put your shoes on, and let's go.• There's a good comedy on at eight.• I usually get on at Irving Street.• As far as we know, the game is still on for tomorrow.• Let's go on. I want to get home before it gets dark.• You're on in two minutes.
on and on• I could go on and on but you already got more than you probably wanted out of this answer.• I hope, I really hope, that this will not drag on and on and on.• I went on and on at her: draw me, draw me, draw me, Mummy!• It goes on and on that way for two solid months, like a sixty-day trance-like a contact high.• She goes on and on and on.• The high blue summer weather goes on and on and by mid-afternoon it's hot up here under the leads.• The war may well just go on and on.• Yet the pump runs on and on, its noise now a constant accompaniment to their once-quiet lives.
Origin on1
Old English
on1 prepositionprep
→10-19
→20-30

→5 GRAMMAR1 →n GRAMMAR2on2 adjectiveadj
→10-19

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Chinese
Corpus

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